公开(公告)号：US4292570A

公开(公告)日：1981-09-29

申请号：US24766

申请日：1979-03-28

Applicant: Joseph C. Engel

Inventor： Joseph C. Engel

IPC: H05B41/42 ,  H05B41/38

CPC classification number: H05B41/42 ,  Y10S315/07 ,  Y10T307/951

Abstract: An energy-conserving solid-state-controlled illumination system which operates high-intensity-discharge lamps. The system operates the lamps at about a predetermined rated power consumption with a relatively high light output for a predetermined initial period of time during the initial night when a high degree of illumination is most needed. The system then operates the lamps for a later period of the night at a reduced power for a second predetermined period of time when a lower degree of illumination can be tolerated. Then if the lamps are still energized according to seasonal variations, the system thereafter operates the lamps at the relatively high light output for the remainder of the night to accommodate early morning traffic.

Abstract translation: 一种节能的固态照明系统，可操作高强度放电灯。 当最需要高度的照明时，系统在初始夜间预定的初始时间段以大约预定的额定功率消耗以相对高的光输出操作灯。 然后，该系统以较低的照度可以容忍的较低的功率以较低的功率操作灯泡持续第二预定时间段。 然后如果灯依照季节变化仍然通电，系统此后在相当高的光输出处操作灯，以供余下的夜晚适应清晨的交通。

公开(公告)号：US4080640A

公开(公告)日：1978-03-21

申请号：US727064

申请日：1976-09-27

Applicant: Robert T. Elms ,  Joseph C. Engel

Inventor： Robert T. Elms ,  Joseph C. Engel

IPC: H02H3/33 ,  H02H3/32

CPC classification number: H02H3/33

Abstract: A ground fault circuit interrupter comprises separable contacts for interrupting current flow through a power circuit being protected, trip means operable upon energization to effect separation of the contacts, means for detecting ground fault current, means for monitoring voltage upon the power circuit, and means responsive to the ground fault current detecting means and the voltage monitoring means for energizing the trip means when ground fault current reaches a trip current level. The trip current level varies as a function of the power circuit voltage.

Abstract translation: 接地故障电路断路器包括用于中断通过被保护的电源电路的电流的可分离触点，在通电时可操作以实现触点分离的跳闸装置，用于检测接地故障电流的装置，用于监视电源电路上的电压的装置，以及响应于装置 接地故障电流检测装置和用于在接地故障电流达到跳闸电流水平时对跳闸装置通电的电压监视装置。 跳闸电流电平根据电源电路电压而变化。

公开(公告)号：US4057750A

公开(公告)日：1977-11-08

申请号：US684513

申请日：1976-05-10

Applicant: Robert T. Elms ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  Gary F. Saletta

Inventor： Robert T. Elms ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  Gary F. Saletta

IPC: H05B41/14 ,  H05B41/04 ,  H05B41/16 ,  H05B41/26

CPC classification number: H05B41/048 ,  Y10T307/344 ,  Y10T307/375 ,  Y10T307/664

Abstract: To prevent high-intensity-discharge (HID) lamps from extinguishing for prolonged periods due to a power interruption or an appreciable drop in line voltage, a rectifier-battery combination provides standby power for operating a high-frequency inverter. The output of the inverter connects to the HID lamps through impedance means which passes a greatly reduced high-frequency current as compared to the normal lamp operating current, in order to sustain the operation of the lamps at a very reduced power level. Upon restoration of the normal line voltage, the lamps again operate with normal power consumption. The same wiring can be used for both the normal lamp operating current and the high-frequency sustaining current or separate wiring systems can be used if desired. The high-frequency current can be supplied simultaneously with the normal operating current or the high-frequency current can be supplied only during periods of power interruption. In the latter case, the high-frequency sustaining current is continued for a period of at least 0.1 second after restoration of the normal line voltage to prevent the HID lamps from extinguishing.

Abstract translation: 为了防止高强度放电（HID）灯由于电源中断或线电压明显下降而长时间熄灭，整流电池组合提供用于操作高频逆变器的备用电源。 逆变器的输出通过与通常的灯工作电流相比通过大大降低的高频电流的阻抗装置连接到HID灯，以便以非常低的功率水平维持灯的操作。 在恢复正常线路电压后，灯泡将以正常的功耗再次工作。 同样的布线可以用于正常的灯工作电流和高频维持电流，或者如果需要，可以使用单独的接线系统。 高频电流可以与正常工作电流同时供电，或只能在电源中断期间提供高频电流。 在后一种情况下，在恢复正常线路电压之后，高频维持电流持续至少0.1秒的时间，以防止HID灯熄灭。

公开(公告)号：US07417554B2

公开(公告)日：2008-08-26

申请号：US11338349

申请日：2006-01-24

Applicant: James J. Benke ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  James L. Lagree ,  Charles J. Luebke ,  Mark G. Solveson

Inventor： James J. Benke ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  James L. Lagree ,  Charles J. Luebke ,  Mark G. Solveson

IPC: G08B21/00

CPC classification number: H01H1/0015 ,  G01D21/00 ,  G01K13/00 ,  G01K2215/00 ,  H01H2071/006 ,  H01H2300/03 ,  H02H1/0061 ,  H02H1/063 ,  H02H5/04 ,  H02H7/22 ,  Y02B70/3241 ,  Y02B90/224 ,  Y04S20/14 ,  Y04S20/227

Abstract: A system displays information from and controls electrical switching apparatus, such as circuit breakers. The system includes a plurality of circuit breakers having separable contacts and a plurality of conditions, such as bus temperature and contact wear. A plurality of sensors are structured to sense the conditions of the circuit breakers and to communicate the sensed conditions over corresponding wireless signals. A display and control unit is operatively associated with the circuit breakers and is structured to receive the corresponding wireless signals and display information corresponding to the sensed conditions or to control the circuit breakers based upon one or more of the sensed conditions.

Abstract translation: 系统显示来自电控开关装置的信息，例如断路器。 该系统包括具有可分离触点和多个条件的多个断路器，例如总线温度和接触磨损。 多个传感器被构造为感测断路器的状况并且将感测到的条件传送到相应的无线信号上。 显示和控制单元与断路器可操作地相关联，并且被构造为接收相应的无线信号并显示与所感测到的条件相对应的信息，或者基于感测到的一个或多个条件来控制断路器。

公开(公告)号：US07319574B2

公开(公告)日：2008-01-15

申请号：US11135162

申请日：2005-05-23

Applicant: Joseph C. Engel

Inventor： Joseph C. Engel

IPC: H02H3/00 ,  H02H3/10 ,  G08B3/00 ,  H04B5/00

CPC classification number: H02H1/0015 ,  H02H3/04 ,  H02H7/228

Abstract: A non-invasive underground arc fault detection apparatus is for an underground electrical conductor. The apparatus includes an electric circuit having an opening for admitting the electrical conductor therethrough. The electric circuit includes one or two transducers adapted to output a first signal representative of current flowing in the electrical conductor and a second signal. An arc fault detection circuit cooperates with the electric circuit to output a third signal derived from the first signal. The third signal is representative of an arc fault of the electrical conductor. An audible annunciator cooperates with the arc fault detection circuit to annunciate the third signal. A power supply cooperates with the electric circuit and is adapted to power the arc fault detection circuit and the annunciator from the second signal.

Abstract translation: 非侵入式地下电弧故障检测装置用于地下电导体。 该装置包括具有用于允许电导体通过其的开口的电路。 电路包括一个或两个换能器，其适于输出表示在电导体中流动的电流的第一信号和第二信号。 电弧故障检测电路与电路配合输出从第一信号导出的第三信号。 第三个信号代表电导体的电弧故障。 声音报警器与电弧故障检测电路配合来通知第三信号。 电源与电路配合，适于从第二信号向电弧故障检测电路和信号器供电。

公开(公告)号：US07280338B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-09

申请号：US11127564

申请日：2005-05-12

Applicant: Mark A. Juds ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  Ian T. Wallace ,  Steven C. Schmalz

Inventor： Mark A. Juds ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  Ian T. Wallace ,  Steven C. Schmalz

IPC: H02H1/00

CPC classification number: H01H47/226 ,  H01H33/38 ,  H01H33/666

Abstract: A back-pack power supply module is for a circuit interrupter including an elongated line conductor. The back-pack power supply module includes a housing having an opening therethrough. The opening receives the elongated line conductor, which passes through the opening. A power supply circuit is housed by the housing and is adapted to input a line voltage from the elongated line conductor and output direct current voltages. A capacitive divider circuit includes two capacitors electrically connected in series between a first terminal and an output of the capacitive divider circuit. One of these two capacitors receives the line voltage. The two capacitors are embedded in insulation within one portion of the housing. Another capacitor is electrically connected between a second terminal and the capacitive divider circuit output. The other capacitor is disposed in another portion of the housing opposite the opening.

Abstract translation: 背包电源模块用于包括细长线路导体的断路器。 背包电源模块包括具有穿过其中的开口的壳体。 开口接收穿过开口的细长线导体。 电源电路由壳体容纳，并且适于从细长线路导体输入线电压并输出直流电压。 电容分压器电路包括串联电连接在第一端子和电容分压器电路的输出端之间的两个电容器。 这两个电容器中的一个接收线路电压。 两个电容器被嵌入在外壳的一部分内的绝缘体中。 另一个电容器电连接在第二端子和电容分压器电路输出端之间。 另一个电容器设置在壳体的与开口相对的另一部分中。

公开(公告)号：US06948846B2

公开(公告)日：2005-09-27

申请号：US10691737

申请日：2003-10-23

Applicant: Joseph C. Engel

Inventor： Joseph C. Engel

IPC: G01K3/14 ,  G01K7/01 ,  G01K7/42 ,  G01K1/00

CPC classification number: G01K3/14 ,  G01K7/01 ,  G01K7/42

Abstract: A glowing contact or high resistance test device includes a housing and first and second circuits substantially within the housing. The first and second circuits include first and second electrical plugs disposed from the housing and adapted to electrically engage and thermally communicate with line and neutral circuits, respectively, of an electrical receptacle. First and second diode temperature sensors are proximate the first and second circuits and the first and second electrical plugs, respectively. The first and second sensors output first and second signals representative of the first and second temperatures of the line and neutral circuits, respectively. An amplifier circuit determines a difference between the first and second signals. A window comparator circuit includes a light emitting diode, which displays an indication signal when the absolute value of the difference exceeds a predetermined value.

公开(公告)号：US5627718A

公开(公告)日：1997-05-06

申请号：US342208

申请日：1994-11-18

Applicant: Joseph C. Engel ,  Gary F. Saletta ,  Richard A. Johnson

Inventor： Joseph C. Engel ,  Gary F. Saletta ,  Richard A. Johnson

IPC: G06F3/05 ,  G01R19/25 ,  G01R21/133 ,  H02H1/00 ,  H02H3/00 ,  H02H3/05 ,  H02H3/093 ,  H02H3/44 ,  H02H3/18

CPC classification number: G01R21/133 ,  H02H3/0935 ,  H02H1/0007

Abstract: A circuit interrupter samples waveforms in a protected circuit by taking samples in pairs spaced 90 electrical degrees apart. The sum of the squares of samples in each pair, which is representative of the RMS value of the fundamental frequency of the waveform, is used for instantaneous protection by comparing a running sum of the squares for the two most recent pairs of samples to a threshold representative of the instantaneous trip pick-up value. This sum of the squares of successive two pairs of samples is also used for short delay protection. A delay between successive pairs of samples is varied to produce a selected equivalent sampling rate after a given number of samples. Samples accumulated at this equivalent sampling rate, which is sixty-four samples per cycle in the preferred embodiment, are used for long delay protection and metering.

Abstract translation: 电路中断器通过将成对间隔成90°电角的对象采样在受保护电路中采样波形。 通过将两个最近的两个采样对的运动的平方和进行比较，将代表波形的基频的RMS值的每对样本的平方和的总和用于瞬时保护 代表瞬时提升值。 连续两对样本的平方和也用于短延时保护。 在连续的样本对之间的延迟被改变以在给定数量的样本之后产生所选择的等效采样率。 在优选实施例中以每个循环64次采样的等效采样率累积的样本被用于长延迟保护和计量。

公开(公告)号：US5600527A

公开(公告)日：1997-02-04

申请号：US363193

申请日：1994-12-22

Applicant: Joseph C. Engel ,  Gary F. Saletta ,  Richard A. Johnson

Inventor： Joseph C. Engel ,  Gary F. Saletta ,  Richard A. Johnson

IPC: G01R23/20 ,  G01R21/133 ,  H02H1/00 ,  H02H3/04 ,  H02H3/093 ,  H02H3/10 ,  H02H3/50 ,  H02H3/52 ,  H02H3/00

CPC classification number: G01R21/133 ,  H02H3/0935 ,  H02H1/0007 ,  H02H3/04 ,  H02H3/50

Abstract: A circuit breaker with a digital trip unit has a protection mode and a waveform capture mode of operation. In the protection mode, an equivalent sampling technique based upon pairs of samples spaced 90 electrical degrees apart with a pattern of delays between pairs is used to digitize the waveforms in the protected electrical system. Synchronous sampling is used in the waveform capture mode. The value of each sample is monitored in the waveform capture mode and a transfer is made back to the protection mode if a threshold value indicating an overcurrent condition is exceeded. The percentage total harmonic distortion, and per harmonic distortion for harmonics, up to and including the 27th are sequentially presented on a display on the front panel of the circuit breaker and can be transmitted along with the raw waveform data to a remote processor.

Abstract translation: 具有数字跳闸单元的断路器具有保护模式和波形捕捉操作模式。 在保护模式中，使用基于成对的样本的等效采样技术，其间隔90度电角度与成对之间的延迟模式间的数字化，以保护电气系统中的波形。 在波形捕捉模式下使用同步采样。 如果超过表示过电流条件的阈值，则以波形捕获模式监视每个采样的值，并将转移回保护模式。 直到并包括第27次谐波的总谐波失真和谐波失真百分比顺序呈现在断路器的前面板上的显示器上，并且可以与原始波形数据一起传输到远程处理器。

公开(公告)号：US5559719A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-24

申请号：US249829

申请日：1994-05-26

Applicant: Richard A. Johnson ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  Gary F. Saletta ,  Alan B. Shimp

Inventor： Richard A. Johnson ,  Joseph C. Engel ,  Gary F. Saletta ,  Alan B. Shimp

IPC: H02H3/08 ,  G01R23/10 ,  H01H33/59 ,  H02H3/00 ,  H02H3/02 ,  H02H3/26 ,  G01R19/00 ,  H02J3/00

CPC classification number: H02H3/006 ,  G01R23/10

Abstract: A circuit interrupter with a digital trip unit automatically sets the sampling interval appropriate for the 50 Hz or 60 Hz distribution system to which the interrupter is connected. In order to avoid falsely shifting the interval in response to distorted currents, the trip unit only changes the interval if the number of zero crossings of the current within a fixed number of samples is within two zero crossings of the number of zero crossings for an undistorted current of the other frequency for two consecutive time periods in which the fixed number of samples are taken. Furthermore, changes in the interval are only written into an EEPROM for use on power-up a fixed number of times to preclude disabling the EEPROM. In one embodiment, a 2 pole filter is utilized in the zero crossing counting circuit to eliminate false counts from noise originating in a chopper used in the trip unit power supply. In another embodiment, the zero crossing counting circuit is disabled unless external dc power is available for the trip unit which idles the chopper.

Abstract translation: 具有数字跳闸单元的电路断路器自动设置适用于与断路器连接的50Hz或60Hz分配系统的采样间隔。 为了避免响应于失真电流而错误地移动间隔，如果在固定数量的采样内的电流的零交叉的数量在未失真的零交叉数的两个零交叉之内，则跳闸单元仅改变间隔 采用固定数量样本的两个连续时间段的另一个频率的电流。 此外，间隔的变化只写入一个EEPROM，用于上电固定次数以排除禁用EEPROM。 在一个实施例中，在过零计数电路中使用2极滤波器以消除来自在跳闸单元电源中使用的斩波器的噪声的错误计数。 在另一个实施例中，过零计数电路被禁用，除非外部直流电可用于空转斩波器的跳闸单元。