摘要:
To realize a stable communication without an erroneous data demodulation due to the influence of a skew between signals in a two-wire type data communication for performing a data communication and supplying clocks and electric power by first and second signal lines between a controller and a data storage device. When a controller transmits a clock pulse of a positive phase as a first transmit signal (a) and a clock pulse of an opposite phase as a second transmit signal (b), the controller modulates the “H” pulse of the second transmit signal to a signal advanced by time of td1 relative to the “L” pulse of the first transmit signal when the logic of transmit data is “1”, and to a signal advanced by time of td2 relative thereto when the logic of transit data is “0” and transmits the modulated signal. A data carrier device detects the change of the delay time of the second transmit signal by using a clock extracted from the first transmit signal to demodulate data (e).
摘要:
In an air conditioning system for controlling the temperature of a vehicle passenger compartment, a valve is disposed in a fluid passageway for controlling an amount of the engine coolant flowing toward the heat exchanger. A sensor device senses an air temperature for the air flow through the heat exchanger and generates an electrical sensor signal indicative thereof. A temperature selector selects a target temperature of the air flow through the heat exchanger and generates an electrical set signal indicative thereof. A control circuit controls opening of the valve by integrating a feed-back control and a feed-forward control based on the electrical sensor signal and the electrical set signal. Therefore, the air conditioning system is adapted for improving control response characteristics without influences from disturbances and ensures improved control to provide stable control with rapid response to achieve a target temperature or a modification to the set temperature inside of the passenger compartment, or both.
摘要:
An air conditioner for vehicles includes a refrigerant circuit having a compressor capable of varying its output, a heat sink and a radiator disposed in an air duct for cooling operation, heating operation and dehumidifying operation modes; sensors for detecting air temperatures at the output-side positions of the heat sink and the radiator, respectively; and a control unit for controlling the output of the compressor in response to at least one of the detected air temperatures. The heat absorbing action due to the heat sink and the heat radiating action due to the radiator are appropriately controlled in the refrigerant circuit side in the respective operation modes without unnecessary heat absorbing and heat radiating actions. Further, the temperature of the air discharged from the air duct into the interior of the vehicle can be properly controlled by adjustment of the heat absorbing ability of the heat sink and the heat radiating ability of the radiator by the control of the compressor output.
摘要:
A variable capacity type slant plate compressor including a crank chamber a suction chamber and a discharge chamber is disclosed. The crank chamber is linked by a first communication path to the suction chamber, and is linked by a second communication path to the discharge chamber. A first valve control mechanism is disposed within the first communication path. A second valve control mechanism is disposed within the second communication path. The first valve control mechanism controls the opening and closing of the first communication path so that the suction chamber pressure is maintained at a predetermined constant value. The second communication path is compulsorily opened by operation of the second valve control mechanism in response to an external signal so as to compulsorily minimize the capacity of the compressor. A throttling device is disposed within the second communication path between the discharge chamber and the second valve control mechanism so that the capacity of the compressor is compulsorily quickly minimized without damage of the internal component parts of the compressor.
摘要:
An automotive air conditioning system includes a compressor with a variable displacement mechanism, a condenser, a decompression device and an evaporator serially arranged to form a closed refrigerant circulation path. A conduit connects an outer side of the compressor to an intermediate portion of a fluid conduit passing through the condenser. A pressure adjusting mechanism is disposed in the bypass conduit to adjust the pressure of refrigerant in the condenser. The pressure adjustment mechanism permits the automotive air conditioning system, which includes a compressor with a variable displacement mechanism, to maintain the amount of refrigerant circulated in the system at a desired level under small, as well as large, air conditioning loads.
摘要:
Disclosed herein are water-in-oil type emulsion explosives comprising an aqueous solution of oxidizing agent, an oily material, hollow microspheres and an emulsifier containing from 0.1 to 10% by weight of fatty acid, from 0.1 to 10% by weight of fatty acid soap and from 80 to 99.8% by weight of a fatty acid ester mixture comprising from 0 to 3% by weight of sorbide fatty acid ester, from 5 to 50% by weight of sorbitan fatty acid ester and from 50 to 95% by weight of sorbitol fatty acid ester.
摘要:
Disclosed herein is an explosive of a water-in-oil emulsion type including an aqueous oxidizer solution, an oily material, an emulsifier and hollow microspheres, wherein the oily material forming the continuous phase of the emulsion comprises an oil component and at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, polybutene, polyisobutylene, petroleum resin, butadiene resin and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer.
摘要:
A silver halide photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one photosensitive silver halide emulsion layer with the silver halide photographic material containing at least one compound, as an ultraviolet absorbing agent, represented by the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein Z represents the atoms necessary for forming a pyrrolidine nucleus or a thiazolidine nucleus; R.sub.1 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, each represents a cyano group, a carboxy group, --COR.sub.4 or --COOR.sub.4 ; R.sub.4 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group; and n represents 1 or 2, and when n is 2, one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.4 represents an alkylene group or an arylene group, in which the compound is a dimer; and a method of preventing the effects of ultraviolet light on a silver halide photographic material comprising incorporating into the silver halide photographic material, as an ultraviolet light absorbing agent, at least one compound represented by the general formula (I) above.
摘要:
A liquid crystal display panel includes: a pair of substrates; a cylindrical spacer configured to hold a gap between the pair of substrates, and a liquid crystal which fills the gap. The cylindrical spacer includes a first support portion having a first support surface and a second support portion having a second support surface. The first support portion is provided inside the second support surface so that the first support surface is projected from the second support surface. The second support portion is provided on a major surface of one of the substrates the second support surface from the major surface.
摘要:
Provided is a refrigeration cycle suitable for an air conditioning system for vehicles, wherein a flow rate of refrigerant which is used to estimate a torque of a compressor can be precisely estimated by accurately detecting a difference between pressures at upstream and downstream sides of an orifice having a high correlation with the refrigerant flow rate, and ultimately, the torque of the compressor can be precisely estimated, and the estimation can be achieved while achieving space saving and cost down. Disclosed is a refrigeration cycle which has a subcool condenser integrally provided with a condensing part for refrigerant, a liquid receiver and a subcooling part, and wherein an orifice for throttling the flow of refrigerant which has passed through the condensing part of the subcool condenser is disposed, a pressure difference detection means capable of detecting a difference between pressures at upstream and downstream sides of the orifice is provided, and provided are a refrigerant flow rate estimation means for estimating a flow rate of the refrigerant with reference to the detected pressure difference and a compressor torque estimation means for estimating a torque of the compressor with reference to the estimated flow rate of the refrigerant.