Methods and apparatus for reducing the average-to-minimum magnitude ratio of communications signals in communications transmitters
    61.
    发明授权
    Methods and apparatus for reducing the average-to-minimum magnitude ratio of communications signals in communications transmitters 有权
    用于降低通信发射机中通信信号的平均至最小幅度比的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US08483312B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-07-09

    申请号:US12950847

    申请日:2010-11-19

    IPC分类号: H04L27/00

    CPC分类号: H04L27/361

    摘要: A communications transmitter configured to reduce the average-to-minimum magnitude ratio (AMR) of a communications signal includes a symbol mapper, a pulse-shaping filter, an AMR reduction circuit, and a modulator. The symbol mapper operates to generate a sequence of symbols from a binary-source data stream containing a message to be transmitted, and the pulse-shaping filter generates a baseband signal based on the sequence of symbols. The AMR reduction circuit is configured to compare a magnitude of a local minimum of samples of the baseband signal to various magnitude threshold levels, and to modify the baseband signal in one of two manners depending on the relationship of the magnitude of the local minimum and the various threshold levels. Finally, the modulator operates to modulate a carrier signal based on the modulation information contained in the modified baseband signal.

    摘要翻译: 配置成降低通信信号的平均至最小幅度比(AMR)的通信发射机包括符号映射器,脉冲整形滤波器,AMR降低电路和调制器。 符号映射器用于从包含要发送的消息的二进制源数据流生成符号序列,并且脉冲整形滤波器基于符号序列生成基带信号。 AMR降低电路被配置为将基带信号的局部最小采样的幅度与各种幅度阈值电平进行比较,并且以两种方式之一修改基带信号,这取决于局部最小值的幅度与 各种阈值水平。 最后,调制器根据包含在修改的基带信号中的调制信息进行调制载波信号。

    System and method for user authentication
    62.
    发明授权
    System and method for user authentication 有权
    用户认证的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号:US08413220B1

    公开(公告)日:2013-04-02

    申请号:US11830811

    申请日:2007-07-30

    IPC分类号: G06F21/00

    CPC分类号: G06F21/36

    摘要: A method for user authentication involves initiating an authentication process, receiving images associated with the authentication process, selecting an image from the images to generate a selection; and obtaining authentication based on the selection, where the image is associated with the authentication process and sent prior to initiating the authentication process.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于用户认证的方法涉及启动认证过程,接收与认证过程相关联的图像,从图像中选择图像以产生选择; 并且基于选择获得认证,其中图像与认证过程相关联并且在发起认证过程之前被发送。

    Erasing device and method of display medium, and erasing signal setting method
    63.
    发明授权
    Erasing device and method of display medium, and erasing signal setting method 有权
    显示介质的擦除装置和方法,以及擦除信号设置方法

    公开(公告)号:US08339528B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-12-25

    申请号:US12907503

    申请日:2010-10-19

    CPC分类号: G02F1/133362 G02F1/13718

    摘要: To provide an erasing device whose power consumption required for erasing operations is suppressed, which does not spoil the portability of an optical writing type display medium. In a first display function layer, voltages applied to two cholesteric liquid crystal layers when an erasing voltage is applied between a pair of electrodes are defined as V1, V2, respectively, and threshold voltages with which the cholesteric liquid crystal layers change to the homeotropic alignment are defined as Vth1, Vth2, respectively. In that case, in a state the voltages V1 and V2 are determined according to only each resistance of the cholesteric liquid crystal layers and resistance of a photoconductive layer, i.e., a sufficient time has passed from a point at which the erasing voltage is applied, V1≧Vth1 and V2≧Vth2 apply.

    摘要翻译: 提供一种消除擦除操作所需功耗的擦除装置,不会损害光写入型显示介质的便携性。 在第一显示功能层中,当在一对电极之间施加擦除电压时施加到两个胆甾型液晶层的电压分别被定义为V1,V2,以及胆甾型液晶层变为垂直取向的阈值电压 分别被定义为Vth1,Vth2。 在这种情况下,在一个状态下,仅根据胆甾型液晶层的每个电阻和光电导层的电阻确定电压V1和V2,即,从施加擦除电压的点起已经有足够的时间, V1≥Vth1,V2≥V22。

    Nonlinear filter and transmission circuit
    64.
    发明授权
    Nonlinear filter and transmission circuit 有权
    非线性滤波器和传输电路

    公开(公告)号:US08295386B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-10-23

    申请号:US12814817

    申请日:2010-06-14

    IPC分类号: H04L27/02

    CPC分类号: H04L25/03834

    摘要: A nonlinear filter includes: a determination unit that determines, based on I and Q signals inputted into the determination unit, whether or not to perform pulse insertion; a rotation detector that detects a rotation direction of the I and Q signals on an IQ plane with respect to the origin of the IQ plane; a pulse generator that generates, when the determination unit determines to perform the pulse insertion, a pulse of which at least one of the direction and the magnitude is determined in accordance with at least the detected rotation direction; and an adder that inserts the pulse into the I and Q signals and outputs resultant I and Q signals.

    摘要翻译: 非线性滤波器包括:确定单元,其基于输入到确定单元的I和Q信号来确定是否执行脉冲插入; 旋转检测器,其相对于IQ平面的原点检测IQ平面上的I和Q信号的旋转方向; 脉冲发生器,当确定单元确定执行脉冲插入时,至少根据检测到的旋转方向确定至少一个方向和幅度的脉冲; 以及将脉冲插入I和Q信号并输出​​合成的I和Q信号的加法器。

    Multicarrier modulation scheme as well as transmission apparatus and reception apparatus using the scheme
    65.
    发明授权
    Multicarrier modulation scheme as well as transmission apparatus and reception apparatus using the scheme 有权
    多载波调制方案以及使用该方案的发送装置和接收装置

    公开(公告)号:US08179986B2

    公开(公告)日:2012-05-15

    申请号:US12158825

    申请日:2006-12-18

    IPC分类号: H04K1/10

    摘要: In order is to generate a pilot signal for estimating a transmission characteristic of a transmission channel suitable for OFDM/OQAM multicarrier modulation, a phase reference pilot symbol of which a modulation amplitude is suppressed to zero, and an amplitude reference pilot signal obtained through modulation performed by using an amplitude known to a reception end are transmitted from a transmission end. Further, the transmission characteristic of the transmission channel is estimated and compensated using the phase reference pilot signal and the amplitude reference pilot signal at the reception end. Accordingly, it is possible to simplify a frame generation process performed at the transmission end, and reduce transmission power for the phase reference pilot signal.

    摘要翻译: 为了生成用于估计适合于OFDM / OQAM多载波调制的传输信道的传输特性的导频信号,将调制幅度抑制为零的相位参考导频符号和通过调制获得的幅度参考导频信号 通过使用从接收端已知的幅度从发送端发送。 此外,使用接收端的相位参考导频信号和幅度参考导频信号来估计和补偿传输信道的传输特性。 因此,可以简化在发送端执行的帧生成处理,并且降低相位参考导频信号的发送功率。

    TRACTION TRANSMISSION CAPACITY CONTROL DEVICE USED IN DRIVE FORCE DISTRIBUTION DEVICE
    66.
    发明申请
    TRACTION TRANSMISSION CAPACITY CONTROL DEVICE USED IN DRIVE FORCE DISTRIBUTION DEVICE 有权
    用于驱动力分配装置的牵引传动能力控制装置

    公开(公告)号:US20120100955A1

    公开(公告)日:2012-04-26

    申请号:US13379973

    申请日:2010-05-10

    IPC分类号: F16H13/10

    摘要: A traction transmission capacity control device used in a drive force distribution device includes a second-roller turning means configured to turn the second roller around an eccentric axis deviated from a rotation axis of the second roller, and thereby to control a mutual radially-pressing force between the first roller and the second roller so that a traction transmission capacity is controlled. The traction transmission capacity control device further includes a one-direction turning-stop-position detecting means configured to detect a position at which the turning of the second roller stops after the second-roller turning means starts to turn the second roller in one direction; an another-direction turning-stop-position detecting means configured to detect a position at which the turning of the second roller stops after the second-roller turning means starts to turn the second roller in another direction; and a second-roller turning-motion reference-point setting means configured to set a center position between the position detected by the one-direction turning-stop-position detecting means and the position detected by the another-direction turning-stop-position detecting means, as a turning-motion reference point of the second roller. The traction transmission capacity control device is configured to perform a traction transmission capacity control based on a second-roller turning amount given from the turning-motion reference point of the second roller.

    摘要翻译: 在驱动力分配装置中使用的牵引传递容量控制装置包括:第二辊转动装置,被配置为使第二辊绕偏离第二辊的旋转轴的偏心轴转动,从而控制相互的径向按压力 在第一辊和第二辊之间,从而控制牵引传递能力。 牵引传递能力控制装置还包括:单向转向停止位置检测装置,被配置为检测在第二辊转动装置开始使第二辊沿一个方向转动之后第二辊的转动停止的位置; 另一方向转向停止位置检测装置,被配置为检测在所述第二辊转动装置开始使所述第二辊沿另一方向转动之后所述第二辊的转动停止的位置; 以及第二滚轮转动运动基准点设定单元,其被配置为将由所述单向转向停止位置检测单元检测到的位置与由所述另一方向转动停止位置检测检测到的位置之间的中心位置 意味着作为第二辊的转动运动参考点。 牵引传动能力控制装置被配置为基于从第二辊的转动运动基准点给出的第二辊转弯量执行牵引传动能力控制。

    TRANSMISSION APPARATUS AND A RECEPTION APPARATUS IN A MULTICARRIER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM AND A TRANSMISSION METHOD AND A RECEPTION METHOD USING THE MULTICARRIER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
    67.
    发明申请
    TRANSMISSION APPARATUS AND A RECEPTION APPARATUS IN A MULTICARRIER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM AND A TRANSMISSION METHOD AND A RECEPTION METHOD USING THE MULTICARRIER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 有权
    传输装置和多媒体传输系统中的接收装置以及使用传输系统的传输方法和接收方法

    公开(公告)号:US20120076220A1

    公开(公告)日:2012-03-29

    申请号:US13307470

    申请日:2011-11-30

    IPC分类号: H04L27/28

    摘要: Inter-carrier interference caused by frequency fluctuations, amplitude fluctuations, phase fluctuations, or the like is reduced without reducing a transmission efficiency. A receiving end has a canceling filter section that alleviates the inter-carrier interference caused by the frequency fluctuations, the amplitude fluctuations, the phase fluctuations, or the like through filtering processing. A transmitting end has a precoding section that facilitates determination of demodulation data in a vector demodulation section on the receiving end through precoding processing. Or, the receiving end has a trellis decoding section that decodes the demodulation data through trellis decoding processing.

    摘要翻译: 在不降低传输效率的情况下,降低由频率波动,振幅波动,相位波动等引起的载波间干扰。 接收端具有通过滤波处理来缓和由频率波动,振幅波动,相位波动等引起的载波间干扰的抵消滤波器部。 发送端具有预编码部,其通过预编码处理有助于确定接收端的向量解调部中的解调数据。 或者,接收端具有网格解码部分,其通过网格解码处理对解调数据进行解码。

    SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF
    68.
    发明申请
    SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF 有权
    半导体器件及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US20120043630A1

    公开(公告)日:2012-02-23

    申请号:US13181742

    申请日:2011-07-13

    IPC分类号: H01L29/82 H01L21/8246

    摘要: In MRAM, a write wiring clad in a ferromagnetic film has been used to reduce a write current or avoid disturbances. Besides, a CuAl wiring obtained by adding a trace of Al to a Cu wiring has been used widely to secure reliability of a high reliability product. There is a high possibility of MRAM being mounted in high reliability products so that reliability is important. Clad wiring however increases the resistance of the CuAl wiring, which is originally high, so that using both may fail to satisfy the specification of the wiring resistance. In the semiconductor device of the invention having plural copper-embedded wiring layers, copper wiring films of plural copper-embedded clad wirings configuring a memory cell matrix region of MRAM are made of relatively pure copper, while a CuAl wiring film is used as copper wiring films of copper-embedded non-clad wirings below these wiring layers.

    摘要翻译: 在MRAM中,已经使用包裹在铁磁膜中的写入布线来减小写入电流或避免干扰。 此外,通过在Cu布线中添加痕量的Al而获得的CuAl布线被广泛地用于确保高可靠性产品的可靠性。 在高可靠性产品中安装MRAM的可能性很大,因此可靠性很重要。 然而,包层线路增加了原来高的CuAl布线的电阻,因此使用两者可能不能满足布线电阻的规格。 在具有多个铜嵌入布线层的本发明的半导体器件中,构成MRAM的存储单元矩阵区域的多个嵌入铜包布线的铜布线膜由相对纯的铜制成,而CuAl布线膜用作铜布线 在这些布线层下面的铜嵌入的非覆盖布线的膜。

    TITANIUM SLAB FOR HOT ROLLING, AND METHOD OF PRODUCING AND METHOD OF ROLLING THE SAME
    70.
    发明申请
    TITANIUM SLAB FOR HOT ROLLING, AND METHOD OF PRODUCING AND METHOD OF ROLLING THE SAME 有权
    用于热轧的钛板及其制造方法及其滚压方法

    公开(公告)号:US20110311835A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-12-22

    申请号:US13148395

    申请日:2010-02-08

    IPC分类号: B22D7/00 B22D25/02 B21B1/02

    摘要: The present invention provides a titanium slab for hot rolling which can be fed into a general purpose hot-rolling mill for producing strip coil, without passage through a breakdown process such as blooming or a straightening process, and can further suppress surface defect occurrence of the hot-rolled strip coil, and a method of producing and a method of rolling the same, characterized in that in the cast titanium slab an angle θ formed by the crystal growth direction (solidification direction) from the surface layer toward the interior and a direction parallel to the slab casting direction (longitudinal direction) is 45 to 90°, and moreover, there is a surface layer structure of 10 mm or greater whose θ is 70 to 90°, and further characterized in that a crystal grain layer of 10 mm or greater is formed whose C-axis direction inclination of a titanium a phase is, as viewed from the side of the slab to be hot rolled, in the range of 35 to 90° from the normal direction of the surface to be hot rolled. The titanium slab concerned is produced using an electron beam melting furnace by casting at an extraction rate of 1.0 cm/min or greater.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供一种用于热轧的钛板坯,其可以被供给到用于生产带状线圈的通用热轧机中,而不通过诸如起霜或矫直工艺的击穿工艺,并且可以进一步抑制 热轧带钢卷料及其制造方法及其轧制方法,其特征在于,在铸钛板坯中具有角度和角度; 由表面层朝向内部的晶体生长方向(凝固方向)和与板坯铸造方向(长度方向)平行的方向形成为45〜90°,另外,表面层结构为10mm以上 他们的 为70〜90°,进一步的特征在于,形成10mm以上的晶粒层,其中从相对于待热轧的板坯的侧面观察钛a相的C轴方向倾斜为 从要热轧的表面的法线方向的35至90°的范围。 使用电子束熔融炉,以1.0cm / min以上的萃取率进行铸造,制造有关的钛板坯。