摘要:
A knock detecting apparatus for detecting the occurrence of knocking in an internal combustion engine by detecting variations in the pressure of engine cooling water. A sealed double diaphragm structure is formed by a first diaphragm which is directly responsive to variations in the cooling water pressure and not resonant at the knock frequencies and a second diaphragm which is resonant at the knock frequencies. A noncompressible fluid is contained in the sealed double diaphragm structure between the two diaphragms. Pulsations of the second diaphragm, resonant at the knock frequencies, are detected by a magnetic device or a piezoelectric device operative to output an ac signal.
摘要:
A method of sensing a knocking taking place in an internal combustion engine through the sensing of pulsative component of the cooling water pressure or lubricating oil pressure. The sensing of the pulsative component is made by removing the static component from the composite pressure which is the sum of the pulsative component and the static component. An apparatus for sensing a knocking taking place in an internal combustion engine has a differential pressure sensing mechanism including a pressure sensing diaphragm and a pulsation absorption mechanism. The pressure sensing diaphragm receives at its one side the composite cooling water pressure or composite lubricating oil pressure which is the sum of the pulsative component and static component. The pulsation absorption mechanism absorbs the pulsative component from the composite pressure so as to transmit only the static component of the pressure to the other side of the pressure sensing diaphragm. In consequence, the pressure sensing diaphragm is deflected only in response to the pulsative component of the pressure without being affected by the static component.
摘要:
A knock detecting apparatus for internal combustion engines includes a housing of a predetermined shape containing therein magnetic circuit means a part of which is formed by vibrating plate means made of a magnetic material and magnetic flux sensing means for sensing a change in the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit means caused by the vibration of the vibrating plate means in resonance with a knocking frequency.
摘要:
In a feedback type ignition timing control system for internal combustion engines, the predetermined correction advance/retard angle values are stored in a read/write memory at the respective storage areas defined by the respective operating conditions of an engine, and the correction advance/retard angle values are each separately rewritten in accordance with the detected associated engine condition in response to a signal detecting the feedback factor. The advance/retard angle value for the ignition timing corresponding to the detected engine condition is separately determined in accordance with the corresponding rewritten advance/retard angle value and the ignition timing is controlled to suit the respective engine conditions in accordance with the correction advance/retard angle values preliminarily rewritten in response to the feedback factor.
摘要:
An additional air supply control apparatus for an internal combustion engine including a bypass passage for supplying air additionally to the engine and a control valve provided in the bypass passage for controlling the amount of air-flow through the bypass passage. A gas sensor is mounted in an exhaust system of the engine for detecting changes in the air-fuel ratio and a control unit produces an intermittent control signal in accordance with a detection signal from the gas sensor. The control valve is driven by the control signal intermittently in a skip movement fashion.
摘要:
In controlling an amount of intake air of an internal combustion engine, an error due to the delay time between the time at which the air-fuel ratio changes in the intake system of the engine and the time at which a gas sensor in the exhaust system of the engine senses the changes is compensated. At least two delay factor detectors, e.g., an engine speed sensor and a pressure sensor control the driving and stopping of a drive motor coupled to a control valve mounted in the additional air passage in the intake system to thereby adjust the amount of additional air supply.
摘要:
An imprint apparatus includes: a first driving mechanism configured to move at least one of a mold holder and a substrate holder such that a mold and an imprint material are contact with each other; a second driving mechanism configured to move at least one of the holders such that the substrate is aligned with the mold; a measurement device configured to measure relative positions between a mold mark and a substrate mark in a state in which the mold and the imprint material are not in contact with each other; and a controller configured to control the second driving mechanism based on information of a relationship between a moving amount of at least one of the holders, and change in relative positions between the marks, information of the moving amount, and information of the measured relative positions.
摘要:
A rotation sensor device for a wheel including a core metal member configured to attach to an outer member of a wheel bearing device and having a containment recess protruding in a direction of a pulser ring provided on an inner member. The rotation sensor device further includes a sensing portion formed by molding a sensor element with a synthetic resin material as a separate component from the core metal member. The sensing portion is fixed within the containment recess and positioned opposite the pulser ring with a bottom wall of the containment recess positioned therebetween.
摘要:
In an ammonia sensor (1), lead portions (7) and (9) are provided on an insulating substrate (5); a pair of comb-shaped electrodes (11) and (13) are connected to the lead portions (7) and (9), respectively; a sensitive layer (15) is provided on the comb-shaped electrodes (11) and (13); and a protective layer (17) is provided on the sensitive layer (15). Particularly, the sensitive layer (15) is formed of a gas-sensitive raw material predominantly containing ZrO2 and containing at least W in an amount of 2 to 40 wt. % as reduced to WO3.
摘要:
A rotation sensor includes a rotation detector mounted on a holder which is in turn inserted in a casing through its opening. A cover is formed by molding a resin so as to cover the opening of the casing and the portion of the holder protruding from the opening of the casing. A pair of relay terminals extend through a base portion of the holder and a gap defined in the holder, are fixed to a support wall, and connected to respective lead pieces of the detector. A resin cover is formed by molding a resin. When forming the cover, pressure is applied to the holder, thereby causing the holder to bulge axially in the holder. This in turn pushes the relay terminals in the axial direction. But since the relay terminals are fixed to the support wall, the support wall will absorb such pushing force, thereby preventing such pushing from being transmitted to the detector. In order to more effectively absorb such pushing force, the relay terminals may be provided with bent portions in the gap.