公开(公告)号：US08920634B2

公开(公告)日：2014-12-30

申请号：US13517771

申请日：2012-06-14

Applicant: Peter N. Slater

Inventor： Peter N. Slater

IPC: C10G35/00

CPC classification number: B01J19/085 ,  B01J2219/0888 ,  C10G3/50 ,  C10G31/08 ,  C10G32/04 ,  C10G33/00 ,  C10G55/06 ,  C10G67/02 ,  C10G69/04 ,  C10G2300/1096 ,  C10G2300/805 ,  C10G2400/04 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: Methods and systems relate to treating an oil-in-water emulsion with an electron beam to decrease aromatic content therein for subsequent recovery of diesel products with upgraded cetane number. The method includes passing the emulsion formed of water and a hydrocarbon stream, such as light cycle oil, through an electron beam. The electron beam causes radiolysis of the water into intermediates that react with and open rings of aromatic compounds from the hydrocarbon stream. Separation of the water from the emulsion after the treating with the electron beam provides the diesel products, which may be hydroprocessed to remove oxygenates.

Abstract translation: 方法和系统涉及用电子束处理水包油乳液以降低其中的芳香族含量，以便随后以升高的十六烷值回收柴油产品。 该方法包括使由水形成的乳液和诸如光循环油的烃流通过电子束。 电子束使水分散到与碳氢化合物流发生芳族化合物反应和开环的中间体中。 用电子束处理后水与乳液的分离提供柴油产品，其可以被加氢处理以除去含氧化合物。

公开(公告)号：US20120090983A1

公开(公告)日：2012-04-19

申请号：US13378181

申请日：2010-06-09

Applicant: Matthias Krull ,  Roman Morschhaeuser

Inventor： Matthias Krull ,  Roman Morschhaeuser

IPC: B01J19/12 ,  C07F9/02 ,  C07C309/01 ,  C07C209/68

CPC classification number: C07C231/02 ,  B01J19/126 ,  B01J2219/00033 ,  B01J2219/0888 ,  B01J2219/0892 ,  B01J2219/1227 ,  C07C303/22 ,  H05B6/701 ,  H05B6/806 ,  C07C233/47 ,  C07C233/54 ,  C07C309/14 ,  C07C309/15

Abstract: The invention relates to a continuous method for N-acylating amino group-carrying organic acids by reacting at least one carboxylic acid of formula (I) R1—COOH (I), wherein R1 represents hydrogen or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group with 1 to 50 carbon atoms, with at least one at least one amino group-carrying organic acid of formula (II) R2NH-A-X (II), wherein A represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group with 1 to 50 carbon atoms, X represents an acid group or the metal salt thereof and R2 represents hydrogen, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group with 1 to 50 C atoms or a group of the formula -A-X, wherein A and X independently are defined as above, in a reaction tube the longitudinal axis of which extends in the direction of propagation of the microwaves of a monomode microwave applicator, under microwave irradiation to form amide.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通过使至少一种式（I）R 1 -COOH（I）的羧酸（其中R 1表示氢或任选取代的烃基）与1至50个的羧酸反应来进行N-酰化含氨基的有机酸的连续方法 碳原子与至少一个至少一个带有氨基的式（II）的有机酸R2NH-AX（II）反应，其中A表示任选取代的具有1至50个碳原子的烃基，X表示酸基或 其金属盐和R 2表示氢，具有1至50个碳原子的任选取代的烃基或式-AX的基团，其中A和X独立地如上定义，在反应管中，其纵轴在 在微波照射下，单模微波加热器的微波的传播方向形成酰胺。

公开(公告)号：US20090078560A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-26

申请号：US12197211

申请日：2008-08-22

Applicant: Thomas Charles Savage

Inventor： Thomas Charles Savage

IPC: B01J19/12 ,  B01J19/08

CPC classification number: B01J19/088 ,  B01J19/121 ,  B01J19/127 ,  B01J2219/00063 ,  B01J2219/00065 ,  B01J2219/00083 ,  B01J2219/0809 ,  B01J2219/0832 ,  B01J2219/0854 ,  B01J2219/0869 ,  B01J2219/0871 ,  B01J2219/0888 ,  C01B3/04 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B13/0203 ,  C01B13/0251 ,  C01B17/96 ,  C01B2203/04 ,  C01B2203/0485 ,  C01B2210/0098 ,  Y02E60/364 ,  Y02E60/366 ,  Y02P20/133 ,  Y02P20/134

Abstract: Devices, apparatus, methods and processes are adapted and arranged to efficiently produce both hydrogen and oxygen, while at the same time producing electricity.Advantageously, virtually no undesirable by-products are produced, thus yielding environmentally friendly sources of fuels and energy. Through the cyclic use and re-use of acidic compounds, and especially sulfuric acid, water is processed to produce hydrogen, oxygen and electricity. One or more of the hydrogen, oxygen and electrical output of the methods, devices and apparatus of the invention can be stored, or can be used in many ways, for example, in a fuel cell to produce additional electricity or other reaction products. Hydrogen and oxygen produced by the invention can be combined in an engine, such as an internal combustion engine, to power a vehicle, while electricity produced simultaneously can be used to power other features of the vehicle, such as radios and communications equipment as well as electrical motors commonly found in hybrid vehicles. The invention is also ideal as an ideal source of power for uses where efficiency and the cyclic use of resources are paramount, such as for providing electricity and fuel for use in homes and industry.

Abstract translation: 装置，装置，方法和过程被适配和布置成有效地产生氢和氧，同时产生电。 有利地，实际上不产生不期望的副产物，从而产生环境友好的燃料和能量来源。 通过循环使用和重复使用酸性化合物，特别是硫酸，加工水，产生氢气，氧气和电力。 本发明的方法，装置和装置的氢，氧和电输出中的一种或多种可以以许多方式存储或者以多种方式使用，例如在燃料电池中以产生额外的电或其他反应产物。 本发明产生的氢气和氧气可以组合在诸如内燃机的发动机中以为车辆供电，同时产生的电力可以用于为诸如无线电和通信设备的车辆的其他特征供电，以及 通常在混合动力汽车中发现的电动马达。 本发明也是理想的理想来源，用于在效率和循环使用资源至关重要的地方，例如为家庭和工业提供电力和燃料。

公开(公告)号：US20090000941A1

公开(公告)日：2009-01-01

申请号：US12146932

申请日：2008-06-26

Applicant: Matthew M. Kropf

Inventor： Matthew M. Kropf

IPC: B01J19/10 ,  B01J19/12

CPC classification number: B01J19/10 ,  A23D7/04 ,  B01J19/126 ,  B01J2219/0888 ,  C10G2300/1011 ,  C10L1/026 ,  C11C3/003 ,  Y02E50/13 ,  Y02P30/20

Abstract: The invention relates generally to chemical reactions and processes, and in particular to a method for enhancing the rate of a chemical reaction and to apparatus for carrying out the method. The invention more particularly relates to methods and apparatus which utilize microwave and ultrasonic energy to enhance chemical reaction rates; and in specific instances, the invention relates to methods, processes and apparatus for the synthesis of biodiesel fuels. The methods, processes and apparatus of the invention are useful for the synthesis of biodiesel fuels; and also useful for production of reaction products of esterification and/or transesterification reactions including fatty acid alkyl esters.

Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及化学反应和方法，特别涉及提高化学反应速率的方法以及用于实施该方法的装置。 本发明更具体涉及利用微波和超声波能量来提高化学反应速率的方法和装置; 并且在具体情况下，本发明涉及用于合成生物柴油燃料的方法，方法和装置。 本发明的方法，方法和装置可用于合成生物柴油燃料; 并且还可用于生产包括脂肪酸烷基酯在内的酯化和/或酯交换反应的反应产物。

公开(公告)号：US20080135399A1

公开(公告)日：2008-06-12

申请号：US10588930

申请日：2006-08-09

Applicant: Waheed Mukaddam ,  Allan R. Thompson ,  Charles W. Moores

Inventor： Waheed Mukaddam ,  Allan R. Thompson ,  Charles W. Moores

IPC: C02F1/32 ,  B01J19/00

CPC classification number: B01J19/121 ,  B01J2219/0884 ,  B01J2219/0888 ,  C02F1/325 ,  C02F2101/36 ,  C02F2101/363 ,  C02F2101/366 ,  C02F2201/3226 ,  C02F2201/326

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed for using an ultraviolet laser system to decompose selected chemical substances in water. More particularly, this invention provides methods and apparatus whereby various environmental pollutants in water are rapidly decomposed to very low concentrations, consistent with environmental discharge regulations, use requirements, and/or applicable health standards, by means of exposure to ultraviolet laser irradiation (10, 20), either with or without one or more catalysts and/or other chemical additives to facilitate or enhance the decomposition process.

Abstract translation: 公开了使用紫外激光系统分解水中所选择的化学物质的装置和方法。 更具体地说，本发明提供了通过暴露于紫外线激光照射（10）的方法和装置，其中水中的各种环境污染物通过暴露于紫外线激光照射而迅速分解成非常低的浓度，符合环境排放法规，使用要求和/或适用的卫生标准 20），具有或不具有一种或多种催化剂和/或其它化学添加剂以促进或增强分解过程。

公开(公告)号：US20060291827A1

公开(公告)日：2006-12-28

申请号：US11352939

申请日：2006-02-13

Applicant: Steven Suib ,  Laura Espinal ,  Edward Nyutu

Inventor： Steven Suib ,  Laura Espinal ,  Edward Nyutu

IPC: F22B1/28 ,  F24H1/18

CPC classification number: B01J35/0013 ,  B01J4/002 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B01J19/121 ,  B01J19/126 ,  B01J19/129 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J23/002 ,  B01J23/28 ,  B01J23/34 ,  B01J23/755 ,  B01J23/80 ,  B01J27/0576 ,  B01J29/06 ,  B01J29/7003 ,  B01J35/002 ,  B01J35/006 ,  B01J35/0066 ,  B01J35/1009 ,  B01J37/0045 ,  B01J37/0054 ,  B01J37/0072 ,  B01J37/03 ,  B01J37/036 ,  B01J37/345 ,  B01J37/346 ,  B01J2219/0849 ,  B01J2219/0869 ,  B01J2219/0871 ,  B01J2219/0888 ,  B01J2523/00 ,  C01B39/145 ,  C01G3/02 ,  C01G9/02 ,  C01G45/02 ,  C01G49/0018 ,  C01P2002/50 ,  C01P2002/72 ,  C01P2004/03 ,  C01P2004/62 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  B01J2523/55 ,  B01J2523/56 ,  B01J2523/64 ,  B01J2523/68 ,  B01J2523/17 ,  B01J2523/27 ,  B01J2523/31

Abstract: Described are a process and method to synthesize ultrafine materials such as metal oxides and highly dispersed mixed metal oxides. A process for forming an ultrafine material comprises mixing two or more liquid precursor compositions in a mixing apparatus to form a precursor mixture, wherein the mixing apparatus is in fluid communication with an atomizer; atomizing the precursor mixture in the atomizer to form droplets; directing the droplets to a reaction chamber in communication with a volumetric heating source, wherein the a reaction chamber is in fluid communication with the atomizer; volumetrically heating the droplets to produce the ultrafine material; and isolating the ultrafine material.

Abstract translation: 描述了合成超细材料如金属氧化物和高度分散的混合金属氧化物的方法和方法。 用于形成超细材料的方法包括在混合装置中混合两种或更多种液体前体组合物以形成前体混合物，其中所述混合装置与雾化器流体连通; 雾化雾化器中的前体混合物以形成液滴; 将液滴引导到与体积加热源连通的反应室，其中反应室与雾化器流体连通; 体积式加热液滴以产生超细材料; 并隔离超细材料。

公开(公告)号：US07014820B2

公开(公告)日：2006-03-21

申请号：US10204331

申请日：2001-02-15

Applicant: Colin Ramshaw ,  Roshan Jeet Jee Jachuck ,  Michael Jones ,  Ian Henderson

Inventor： Colin Ramshaw ,  Roshan Jeet Jee Jachuck ,  Michael Jones ,  Ian Henderson

IPC: B32B27/04 ,  B01F23/90

CPC classification number: B01J19/1887 ,  B01J10/007 ,  B01J10/02 ,  B01J16/005 ,  B01J19/10 ,  B01J19/123 ,  B01J19/125 ,  B01J19/126 ,  B01J19/128 ,  B01J19/129 ,  B01J2219/0877 ,  B01J2219/0884 ,  B01J2219/0888 ,  B01J2219/0892

Abstract: A reactor including a rotatable disc (3) having a region (13) in an upper surface (5) thereof. Reactant (15) is supplied to the region (13) by way of a feed (4), the disc (3) is rotated at high speed, and the reactant (15) moves from the region (13) so as to form a film (17) on the surface (5). As the reactant (15) traverses the surface (5) of the disc (3), it undergoes chemical or physical processes before being thrown from the periphery of the disc (3) into collector means (7).

Abstract translation: 一种反应器，包括在其上表面（5）中具有区域（13）的可旋转盘（3）。 通过进料（4）将反应物（15）供给到区域（13），盘（3）以高速旋转，反应物（15）从区域（13）移动，形成 表面（5）上的薄膜（17）。 当反应物（15）穿过盘（3）的表面（5）时，它在从盘（3）的周边被投入到收集器装置（7）之前经历化学或物理过程。

公开(公告)号：US20060040043A1

公开(公告)日：2006-02-23

申请号：US10534677

申请日：2003-11-14

Applicant: Jan Nuyens ,  Johan Martens

Inventor： Jan Nuyens ,  Johan Martens

IPC: A23L3/015

CPC classification number: B01F3/0815 ,  B01F5/10 ,  B01F13/0809 ,  B01J19/087 ,  B01J2219/0888

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a system for the emulsification of a pre-mix of two or more immiscible liquids by flowing or circulating one or more times said pre-mix through one or more magnetic fields.

公开(公告)号：US06884900B2

公开(公告)日：2005-04-26

申请号：US10678116

申请日：2003-10-06

Applicant: Yasuaki Maeda ,  Mircea Vinatoru ,  Carmen Eugenia Stavarach ,  Kunio Iwai ,  Hideki Oshige

Inventor： Yasuaki Maeda ,  Mircea Vinatoru ,  Carmen Eugenia Stavarach ,  Kunio Iwai ,  Hideki Oshige

IPC: B01J19/10 ,  B01J19/18 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C67/03 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C11C3/04 ,  C11C3/10 ,  C11C3/00

CPC classification number: C10L10/02 ,  B01J19/10 ,  B01J19/1812 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  B01J2219/00033 ,  B01J2219/0888 ,  B01J2219/1923 ,  C07C67/03 ,  C10L1/026 ,  C11C3/10 ,  Y02E50/13 ,  C07C69/52 ,  C07C69/24

Abstract: There is provided a method for producing fatty acid alcohol ester useful as a substitute fuel for light oil in which an ester interchange reaction between fats or oils and alcohol is carried out in a reactor 1 by applying ultrasonic irradiation at a frequency of 15 to 100 kHz and irradiation intensity of 0.5 to 20 W/cm2 in the presence of a catalyst, followed by an application of ultrasonic irradiation at a frequency of 200 to 3,000 kHz and irradiation intensity of 0.5 to 20 W/cm2 to the reaction product in a separation tank 4 to separate fatty acid alcohol ester and glycerol. Such ultrasonic irradiation in the separation tank 4 may be applied to an interface between fatty acid alcohol ester and glycerol.

Abstract translation: 提供一种生产脂肪酸醇酯的方法，其用作轻油的替代燃料，其中通过以15至100kHz的频率施加超声波照射在反应器1中进行脂肪或油和醇之间的酯交换反应 和在催化剂存在下的照射强度为0.5〜20W / cm 2，然后以200〜3000kHz的频率进行超声波照射，照射强度为0.5〜20W / cm 在分离槽4中的反应产物中分离脂肪酸醇酯和甘油。 分离槽4中的这种超声波照射可以应用于脂肪酸醇酯和甘油之间的界面。

公开(公告)号：US06471392B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-29

申请号：US09802037

申请日：2001-03-07

Applicant: Richard A. Holl ,  Alan N. McGrevy

Inventor： Richard A. Holl ,  Alan N. McGrevy

IPC: B01F712

CPC classification number: F28F13/02 ,  B01F7/12 ,  B01F15/00714 ,  B01F15/00844 ,  B01F15/00909 ,  B01F15/06 ,  B01F2013/1091 ,  B01J19/10 ,  B01J19/122 ,  B01J19/125 ,  B01J19/126 ,  B01J19/127 ,  B01J19/1887 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/0888 ,  B01J2219/182 ,  B01J2219/1943 ,  F28D7/0066 ,  F28D11/02

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for processing materials employ two cylindrical members, one mounted within the other, defining an annular processing chamber. Preferably, the outer member is stationery (stator), while the inner rotates (rotor). The radial spacing between the stator inner surface and the rotor outer surface is equal to or less than the back-to-back radial thicknesses of the two laminar boundary layers formed on the two surfaces by the material being processed. The surfaces are made smooth, as by buffing to a finish of not more than 10 microinches. This structure inhibits formation of Taylor vortices in the processing passage, which cause unstable flow and consequent incomplete mixing. Preferably, the relative velocity between rotor and stator surfaces is at least 1.2 meters per second. The surfaces may be coated with catalysts. Transducers may be provided to apply processing energy, such as microwave, light or ultrasonic waves, through the stator wall.

Abstract translation: 用于加工材料的方法和设备采用两个圆柱形构件，一个安装在另一个中，限定环形处理室。 优选地，外部构件是文具（定子），而内部旋转（转子）。 定子内表面和转子外表面之间的径向间距等于或小于被处理材料在两个表面上形成的两个层状边界层的背对背径向厚度。 表面光滑，通过抛光至不超过10微英寸的光洁度。 该结构抑制了处理通道中泰勒涡流的形成，这导致不稳定的流动并导致不完全的混合。 优选地，转子和定子表面之间的相对速度为至少1.2米/秒。 表面可以涂覆有催化剂。 可以提供传感器以通过定子壁施加诸如微波，光或超声波的处理能量。