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    Production of products from sewer sludge
    61.
    发明授权
    Production of products from sewer sludge 失效

    公开(公告)号：US06608184B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-08-19

    申请号：US09851955

    申请日：2001-05-10

    Applicant: David H. Blount

    Inventor： David H. Blount

    IPC: C08B3700

    CPC classification number: C02F9/00 ,  C02F1/001 ,  C02F1/025 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F3/286 ,  C02F11/04 ,  C02F11/12 ,  C02F11/18 ,  C05F7/00 ,  Y02A40/213

    Abstract: Fatty oil and acids, glycerol, glycols, lactic acid, urea, fertilizer, carbohydrates, ethanol are recovered or produced from sewer sludge by the process of concentrating and filtering out the solid sewer sludge, hydrolysis of the cellulose in the sewer sludge by an alkali or acid catalyst to carbohydrates, fermentation of the carbohydrates to produce ethanol, then recover the ethanol by distillation or membrane technology. The glycerol, glycols and lactic acids are recovered by membrane technology. The polysacchride carbohydrates are hydrolyzed to monosacchrides then fermented to alcohol. The unsoluble sewer sludge and the salts such as ammonium sulfate, nitrogen containing compounds and urea from the aqueous solution left after the ethanol is distilled off are mixed, dried and utilized as fertilizer.

    Method for transforming chemical structures in a fluid under pressure and in high temperature
    63.
    发明授权
    Method for transforming chemical structures in a fluid under pressure and in high temperature 失效
    在压力和高温下转化流体中化学结构的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06551517B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-04-22

    申请号：US09720256

    申请日：2001-01-09

    Applicant: Dominique Sentagnes ,  Cyril Aymonier ,  Bernard Berdeu ,  François Cansell

    Inventor： Dominique Sentagnes ,  Cyril Aymonier ,  Bernard Berdeu ,  François Cansell

    IPC: C02F136

    CPC classification number: C02F11/086 ,  B01J3/008 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J19/243 ,  B01J2219/00132 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/185 ,  C02F1/025 ,  C02F1/46104 ,  C02F1/467 ,  C02F2101/32 ,  Y02P20/544

    Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for converting chemical structures, that is to say a process for the conducting of chemical reactions in a fluid under pressure and at temperature in a supercritical fluid in particular, containing a solvent and at least one electrolyte such as a salt, in which reactive species are generated in situ by electrolysis. According to the invention, the fluid flows upwards in a reservoir reactor crossing through a first lower electrolysis zone with high salt solubility and a second upper zone in which the salts precipitate, then the fluid free of salt is evacuated at the upper part of said reservoir reactor and directed into a second tubular reactor to reach the desired stage of advancement of the conversion.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种转化化学结构的方法，也就是说在压力下和特别是含有溶剂和至少一种电解质的超临界流体中的温度下进行化学反应的方法， 盐，其中通过电解原位产生反应性物质。 根据本发明，流体在储存器反应器中向上流过，穿过具有高盐溶性的第一较低电解区和其中盐沉淀的第二上区，然后在所述储层的上部抽空不含盐 反应器并引导到第二管式反应器中以达到转化进展的期望阶段。

    Hydrolysis reactor for removal of urea, ammonia and carbon dioxide from a liquid phase comprising urea in aqueous solution
    65.
    发明授权
    Hydrolysis reactor for removal of urea, ammonia and carbon dioxide from a liquid phase comprising urea in aqueous solution 失效
    水解反应器，用于从包含尿素在水溶液中的液相中除去尿素，氨和二氧化碳

    公开(公告)号：US06334984B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-01-01

    申请号：US09065044

    申请日：1998-04-27

    Applicant: Giorgio Pagani ,  Federico Zardi

    Inventor： Giorgio Pagani ,  Federico Zardi

    IPC: B01J804

    CPC classification number: C07C273/16 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J10/002 ,  B01J19/006 ,  B01J2219/00777 ,  B01J2219/185 ,  B01J2219/1943 ,  C02F1/025 ,  C07C273/04 ,  Y02P20/142

    Abstract: A hydrolysis reactor for removal of urea, ammonia and carbon dioxide from a liquid phase comprising urea in aqueous solution advantageously comprises a dividing baffle extending horizontally at a preset height in the reactor in which it defines a first and a second respectively lower and upper reaction space, means of collection and extraction from the reactor of a first portion of a gaseous phase comprising high pressure and temperature steam, previously fed into the first reaction space and means for feeding a second portion of the gaseous phase comprising high pressure and temperature steam to the second reaction space.

    Abstract translation: 用于从包含尿素在水溶液中的液相除去尿素，氨和二氧化碳的水解反应器有利地包括在反应器中以预定高度水平延伸的分隔挡板，其中它限定第一和第二分别下部和上部反应空间 从反应器中收集和从反应器中提取预先进料到第一反应空间中的包含高压和高温蒸汽的气相的第一部分的装置，以及用于将包含高压和高温蒸汽的第二部分气相进料至 第二反应空间。

    Process and installation for the treatment of effluents by oxidation and denitrification in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst
    66.
    发明授权
    Process and installation for the treatment of effluents by oxidation and denitrification in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst 失效
    在多相催化剂存在下通过氧化和脱氮处理废水的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5972226A

    公开(公告)日：1999-10-26

    申请号：US817338

    申请日：1997-08-23

    Applicant: Malik Djafer ,  Francis Luck ,  Jacques Sibony

    Inventor： Malik Djafer ,  Francis Luck ,  Jacques Sibony

    IPC: B01J23/42 ,  B01J27/055 ,  C02F1/02 ,  C02F1/58 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F1/74 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F11/06 ,  C02F11/18 ,  A62D3/00 ,  C02F1/76

    CPC classification number: C02F1/725 ,  C02F1/025 ,  C02F11/18

    Abstract: The invention relates to a process of aqueous phase oxidation of effluents, consisting of subjecting said effluents to oxidation in the presence of at least one catalyst and of at least one oxidising agent, at a temperature of between approximately 20.degree. C. and approximately 350.degree. C., under a total pressure of between approximately 1 and approximately 160 bars, in such manner as to mineralise part of the organic matter and total ammoniated nitrogen contained in said effluents, said oxidation being carried out inside a reactor in which a gaseous phase is set up above the liquid phase consisting of said effluents.characterized in that said catalyst is a heterogeneous catalyst placed inside said reactor above the interface between said gaseous phase and said liquid phase.

    Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / FR95 / 01308 Sec。 371日期1997年8月25日第 102（e）日期1997年8月25日PCT提交1995年10月6日PCT公布。 WO96 / 13463 PCT出版物 日期1996年5月9日本发明涉及一种流出物的水相氧化方法，该方法由在至少一种催化剂和至少一种氧化剂存在下使所述流出物在约20℃的温度下进行氧化 约350℃，总压力介于约1至约160巴之间，以使得部分有机物和所有流出物中含有的总氨化氮的矿化，所述氧化在反应器内进行，其中 在由所述流出物组成的液相之上设置气相。 其特征在于，所述催化剂是位于所述反应器内部位于所述气相和所述液相之间界面之上的非均相催化剂。

    Method for treating sludge precipitated in a plating bath containing haloid ions
    68.
    发明授权
    Method for treating sludge precipitated in a plating bath containing haloid ions 失效
    用于处理含有卤素离子的电镀液中沉淀的污泥的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5766440A

    公开(公告)日：1998-06-16

    申请号：US604089

    申请日：1996-02-20

    Applicant: Takayuki Ino ,  Akifusa Ohnishi ,  Takao Shimizu

    Inventor： Takayuki Ino ,  Akifusa Ohnishi ,  Takao Shimizu

    IPC: C02F1/02 ,  C25D21/18

    CPC classification number: C02F1/025 ,  C25D21/18 ,  Y10S204/13 ,  Y10S210/904 ,  Y10S210/912

    Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method for treating sludge as a by-product of a process of tin electroplating a steel plate by means of a plating bath containing haloid ions, together with an equipment therefor. More specifically, by immersing the sludge in water prior to filtration, the residual sludge is subjected to alkali hydrolysis in the presence or absence of the ions of an alkali earth metal within a temperature range of 100.degree. to 400.degree. C., whereby cyanide compounds and fluoride compounds contained therein under environmental regulations are prepared into environmentally non-hazardous matters. By adjusting the filtrate to pH 7.5 to 10, the precipitate with the principal component of tin hydroxide is deposited to recover the tin components contained in the sludge. Furthermore, the recovered tin is refined into the metal tin, for recycling and use as the electrode by the plating.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种处理污泥的方法，该方法是通过含有卤素离子的电镀液的电镀锡工艺的副产物及其设备来处理污泥的方法。 更具体地说，通过在过滤之前将污泥浸渍在水中，残渣在碱存在或不存在的情况下在100〜400℃的温度范围内进行碱水解，由此氰化物化合物 其中环境法规中含有的氟化合物被制备成环境无害的物质。 通过将滤液调节至pH 7.5至10，沉积出主要成分为氢氧化锡的沉淀物，以回收污泥中所含的锡组分。 此外，回收的锡被精炼成金属锡，用于通过电镀再循环和用作电极。

    Method for treatment of contaminated materials with superheated steam thermal desorption and recycle
    69.
    发明授权
    Method for treatment of contaminated materials with superheated steam thermal desorption and recycle 失效
    用过热蒸汽热解吸和回收处理污染物质的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5656178A

    公开(公告)日：1997-08-12

    申请号：US55428

    申请日：1993-04-29

    Applicant: Primo Marchesi ,  George M. Goyak

    Inventor： Primo Marchesi ,  George M. Goyak

    IPC: B09B3/00 ,  B09C1/06 ,  C02F1/02 ,  F26B25/00 ,  C02F1/00

    CPC classification number: F26B25/006 ,  B09B3/00 ,  B09B3/0091 ,  B09C1/06 ,  C02F1/025

    Abstract: A method is provided for the treatment of contaminated materials such as impounded sludges and contaminated soils by thermal desorption wherein a solid matrix is subjected to the action of superheated steam in a closed vessel, a gas stream comprising superheated steam is recirculated to the vessel and recirculation of the superheated steam is continued until organic constituents are separated therefrom to predetermined concentrations that are environmentally insignificant and within the limits prescribed by governmental regulations.

    Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于通过热解吸处理被污染物质如污泥和污染土壤的方法，其中固体基质在密闭容器中经受过热蒸汽的作用，包含过热蒸汽的气流再循环到容器中并再循环 的过热蒸汽继续进行，直到有机成分从其分离为环境无关紧要且达到政府法规规定的限度的预定浓度。

    Removal of nitrogen from wastewaters
    70.
    发明授权
    Removal of nitrogen from wastewaters 失效
    从废水中去除氮

    公开(公告)号：US5641413A

    公开(公告)日：1997-06-24

    申请号：US548921

    申请日：1995-10-27

    Applicant: Joseph A. Momont ,  William M. Copa

    Inventor： Joseph A. Momont ,  William M. Copa

    IPC: C02F1/02 ,  C02F1/58 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F1/74 ,  C02F1/78

    CPC classification number: C02F1/58 ,  C02F1/025 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F1/74 ,  C02F1/78

    Abstract: A process for treating wastewaters containing carbonaceous COD and at least one nitrogen-containing compound is disclosed comprising wet oxidizing the wastewater with an oxidizing agent at a temperature less than 373.degree. C. and a pressure sufficient to maintain a liquid water phase, to produce an oxidized wastewater containing a reduced concentration of COD. The nitrogen of the nitrogen-containing compound is substantially converted to ammonia, nitrate and nitrite. Sufficient inorganic nitrogen-containing compound is added to the oxidized wastewater to produce essentially equal concentrations of ammonia-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen plus nitrate-nitrogen. Mineral acid is added to the oxidized wastewater to produce a pH between 4 and 7, and optionally, a transition metal salt is added, to catalyze a thermal denitrification step. The wastewater is heated at temperatures between about 100.degree. C. and 300.degree. C. to decompose the nitrogen compounds, producing a purified wastewater.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种处理含有含碳COD的废水和至少一种含氮化合物的方法，其包括在低于373℃的温度下用氧化剂湿化氧化废水和足以维持液态水相的压力，以产生 氧化废水含有较低浓度的COD。 含氮化合物的氮气基本上转化为氨，硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐。 将足够的无机含氮化合物加入到氧化废水中以产生基本相同浓度的氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮加氮硝酸盐。 将矿物酸加入到氧化废水中以产生4至7之间的pH，并且任选地加入过渡金属盐以催化热脱氮步骤。 废水在约100℃至300℃的温度下加热以分解氮化合物，产生纯化废水。

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