摘要:
In an ion implantation method of the present invention, an ion beam extracted from an ion source is implanted into a wafer by way of a plasma shower in a transportation section on the upstream side of the wafer. The plasma shower comprised of an arc chamber and a shower tube is arranged in a resolving aperture member or in the immediate vicinity of the downstream side.
摘要:
A control system for controlling an internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas recirculation mechanism consisting of an exhaust gas recirculation passage connected between the exhaust passage and the intake passage of the engine, and an exhaust gas recirculation valve provided in the recirculation passage for controlling an exhaust gas amount to be recirculated. Control parameter(s) of the engine are calculated according to operating conditions of the engine. An amount of change in the intake pressure between when opening the exhaust gas recirculation valve and when closing the exhaust gas recirculation valve, in the fuel-cut operation, is calculated. The abnormality of the exhaust gas recirculation mechanism is determined according to the amount of change in the intake pressure. The engine is controlled by using the control parameter suitable for a closed condition of the exhaust gas recirculation valve during a predetermined time period.
摘要:
Artificial leather can be produced, without using any organic solvent, by coating or impregnating a fibrous base material to be formed into artificial leather with a polymer solution in the form of an aqueous emulsion, in which the polymer exhibits elasticity when it is solidified and adhered to the base material; and then solidifying and adhering or fixed, in the fibrous base material, the polymer solution contained in the base material using a combination of wet heat (using the heat of water vapor) and microwave heating. Therefore, the method is not harmful to the environment and permits the reduction of the degree of migration as compared with the conventional methods in which the solidification and adhesion or fixation are performed by dry heating while making use of hot air. The method also permits the formation of a product having clear voids (contact-free portions) formed between fibers in the fibrous base material and the impregnated polymer, the voids being indispensable to the handling or feeling of the artificial leather. The resulting product further has gas permeability due to the presence of numerous very fine pores formed by the release of water vapor generated during the solidification and adhesion or fixation of the polymer. There is also observed the presence of porous structures in the polymer solidified and adhered or fixed within the fibrous base material. In addition, the method permits the elimination of the shrinking step which is essential for the conventional processing steps and this correspondingly allows the simplification of the production process. Moreover, the method of the invention permits the reduction of the processing time and the improvement of the production efficiency.
摘要:
A vehicle steering apparatus comprising a driver's hands free state detector detecting a driver's hands free state when returning of a steering wheel to its neutral position, for controlling a reaction force to be applied to the steering wheel a steering operating angle of the steering wheel or a returning angular speed of the steering wheel, on the basis of the detection signal issued from the driver's hands free state detector. The driver's hands free state detector detects a driver's hands free state on the basis of at least vehicle speed and steering torque.
摘要:
A vacuum arc deposition apparatus includes arc power sources having cathodes connected to both ends of an evaporation source; exciting coils disposed at positions axially outwardly far from both the ends of the evaporation source so as to be coaxial with the evaporation source; and coil power sources independently connected to the exciting coils. In this apparatus, each of the coil power sources is capable of controlling the exciting current in such a manner that the film thickness and the consumption of the evaporation source are suitably distributed. Moreover, an arc containment device of the vacuum arc deposition apparatus includes an arc containment body having a diameter substantially the same as that of a cylindrical evaporation source, which is disposed at one end portion of the evaporation source.
摘要:
A spin suppress control device of a vehicle estimates a spin quantity of the vehicle to represent a liability of its spinning, and selectively and variably brakes each of the wheels according to the spin quantity so as to decelerate the vehicle within a range of generating no substantial yaw moment in the vehicle when the spin quantity exceeds a first threshold value therefor, and provides the vehicle with an anti-spin moment when the spin quantity exceeds a second threshold value therefor greater than the first threshold value.
摘要:
The present invention relates to an arc ion plating device utilizing a vacuum arc discharge to be utilized for the surface process of works and to an arc ion plating system provided with the above-mentioned device, and the present invention offers the device and the system which are able to realize extremely high productivity by an efficient handling of works. The device according to the present invention comprises a rod-shaped evaporation source and works to be coated with a film being disposed so as to surround the rod-shaped evaporation source, The device is so constituted that the works can be moved relative to the rod-shaped evaporation source in the axial direction of the rod-shaped evaporation source.
摘要:
A continuous casting equipment which can be applied to a wide variation of casting capacity for continuous casting and by which a continuous casting operation can be performed with safety. The continuous casting equipment comprises a tundish for receiving molten metal poured from a ladle and for pouring the molten metal into a mold, a travelling truck for carrying the tundish between a molding section at which the mold is located and a skimming section at which molten scum in the tundish is to be discharged, and a tilting apparatus located at the skimming section for tilting the tundish together with the travelling truck on which the tundish is carried to allow molten scum to be discharged from within the tundish. Also an improved continuous casting method is disclosed.
摘要:
A digital audio tape recorder and a method for operating the same, especially in a music program jump selecting mode. In one embodiment, the state of an erasure-preventing tab is detected, and TOC (Table-Of-Contents) information is transferred from the tape to a TOC information memory only when the erasure-preventing tab is set to an indicate an unrecordable state. In accordance with another embodiment, when the music program number of the music selection presently being reproduced is known and the program number is aligned, a target music program number is calculated and displayed.
摘要:
A novel antibiotic complex designated herein as BBM-1675 complex is produced by fermentation of certain novel strains of Actinomadura verrucosospora. The complex may be separated into two major components, BBM-1675 A.sub.1 and A.sub.2, and four minor components, BBM-1675 A.sub.3, A.sub.4, B.sub.1 and B.sub.2, and such components exhibit both antimicrobial activity and antitumor activity.