Abstract:
A micromini condenser microphone having a flexure hinge-shaped upper diaphragm and a back plate, and a method of manufacturing the same are provided.The method includes the steps of: forming a lower silicon layer and a first insulating layer; forming an upper silicon layer to be used as a back plate on the first insulating layer; forming a plurality of sound holes by patterning the upper silicon layer; forming a second insulating layer on the upper silicon layer; forming a conductive layer on the upper silicon layer having the sound holes, and forming a passivation layer on the conductive layer; forming a sacrificial layer on the passivation layer; depositing a diaphragm on the sacrificial layer, and forming a plurality of air holes passing through the diaphragm; forming electrode pads on the passivation layer and a region of the diaphragm; and etching the sacrificial layer, the passivation layer, the conductive layer, the upper silicon layer, the first insulating layer and the lower silicon layer to form an air gap between the diaphragm and the upper silicon layer.Consequently, due to the flexible diaphragm, a manufacturing process using semiconductor MEMS technology may improve the sensitivity of the condenser microphone and reduce the size of the condenser microphone, thereby enabling integration into a portable terminal.
Abstract:
A semiconductor memory device comprises a memory cell array comprising memory cells of a first type. The memory cell array performs write and read operations in response to signals designed for the operation of a memory cell array comprising memory cells of a type other than the first type.
Abstract:
A method of operating a phase change random access memory (PRAM) device comprises performing a program operation to store data in selected PRAM cells of the device, wherein the program operation comprises a plurality of sequential program loops. The method further comprises suspending the program operation in the middle of the program operation, and after suspending the program operation, resuming the program operation in response to a resume command.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to an antitumor immune response, and in more detail, to a method for inducing cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific to a tumor-associated antigen that acts specifically on tumor cells. Immunotherapy using the present invention may be most effective among immune therapies that use immunity of our body, because in the present invention, CEA-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes can be induced in vitro by using a dendritic cell transduced with a recombinant adenovirus. Further, immunotherapy using the present invention can function as a powerful tool for tumor prevention or treatment, if being used in combination with antitumor vaccines or other treatments.
Abstract:
A method of performing a program-suspend-read operation in a PRAM device comprises programming a write block comprising N unit program blocks in response to a program operation request, and suspending the program operation after programming M unit program blocks, where M is less than N, in response to a read operation request. The method further comprises executing the requested read operation, and then resuming the programming of the write data block and programming (N−M) remaining unit program blocks.
Abstract:
Provided is a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) actuator in which a cantilever piezoelectric actuator and a comb actuator are combined to perform dual shaft drive. The MEMS includes: a stationary comb fixed on a substrate; a movable comb disposed separately from the substrate; and a spring connected to the movable comb and the substrate to resiliently support the movable comb, wherein the movable comb includes a piezoelectric material layer in a laminated manner to be perpendicularly moved by a piezoelectric phenomenon and laterally moved by an electrostatic force to the stationary comb, whereby the MEMS actuator can be used in a driving apparatus of an ultra-slim optical disk drive since the movable comb is made of a piezoelectric material to simultaneously perform focusing actuation to a Z-axis as well as planar actuation.
Abstract:
A semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of phase change memory cells connected to the same bitline and different respective word lines. A read operation is performed on one of the memory cells by selecting the bitline and a corresponding wordline. While the read operation is performed, leakage current produced by non-selected memory cells is detected by a leakage detecting circuit and compensated by a leakage current supply circuit.
Abstract:
A target detecting system and method for detecting a target from an input image is provided. According to the target detecting system and method, when a target is detected from an input image and there are moving areas in the input image, camera movement parameters are obtained, image frames are transformed, and movement candidate areas are extracted from the image frame and the previous input image frame. In addition, image feature information is extracted from the input image, and based on the movement candidate areas and the image feature information a shape of the target is extracted. Therefore, the target can be exactly and rapidly extracted and tracked.
Abstract:
A magnetic random access memory (RAM) with a multi-bit cell array structure includes an access transistor formed on a substrate, first through third resistance-variable elements, and first through third current supplying lines. The first through third resistance-variable elements are disposed between a bit line and the access transistor, and electrically connected to each other. The first through third current supplying lines are stacked alternately with the first through third resistance-variable elements. The first through third resistance-variable elements have equal resistances.
Abstract:
A wireless transmitting and/or receiving system and method of sharing analog information between a transmitter and a receiver connected to the transmitter by a wireless channel. The wireless transmitting and/or receiving system includes a transmitter that extracts analog signal and information from an analog broadcast signal, converts the analog signal into a transport stream that is then sent to a first wireless channel, transmits the analog information to a second wireless channel when the analog information is extracted, and updates previously stored first analog information with the received analog information, and a receiver that decodes the transport stream received from the transmitting means via the first wireless channel and updates previously stored second analog information with the analog information received by the second wireless channel.