公开(公告)号：US4769946A

公开(公告)日：1988-09-13

申请号：US927255

申请日：1986-11-04

申请人： Peter F. de Groot ,  Gregory L. Ganick

发明人： Peter F. de Groot ,  Gregory L. Ganick

IPC分类号： A01C1/02 ,  A01G9/10 ,  A01G23/02

CPC分类号： A01G9/104

摘要： A transplant tray comprises a number of germination cells, each cell including side walls for holding and retaining a growth medium and seeds or seedlings for germination. Each cell has an opening at the top for retrieval of the growth medium and seedlings for transplanting after germination. The cells are connected to or are integral with one another forming a planar structure. The tray further comprises a skirt connected to or integral with the perimeter of the planar structure. When two trays are stacked the skirts of the two trays are nested within each other thereby enclosing the space between the two trays forming a germination chamber. Vent holes of appropriate sizes are provided in the skirts permitting limited and controlled gas exchange between the germination chamber and the environment to enhance the uniformity of germination conditions within the chamber. The vent holes are not so large as to cause significant loss of moisture to an uncontrolled environment. Stand-offs maintain a desired separation between trays when stacked to prevent undesirable disturbance and scraping off of growth medium and seeds. The skirt is slightly tapered to permit nesting of trays, whether empty or full.

摘要翻译： 移植托盘包括多个发芽细胞，每个细胞包括用于保持和保留生长培养基的侧壁和用于发芽的种子或幼苗。 每个细胞在顶部具有开口，用于回收生长培养基和萌发后移栽的幼苗。 电池彼此连接或彼此成一体，形成平面结构。 托盘还包括连接到平面结构的周边或与平面结构的周边一体的裙部。 当堆叠两个托盘时，两个托盘的裙部彼此嵌套，从而封闭形成发芽室的两个托盘之间的空间。 在裙边提供适当尺寸的排气孔，允许在发芽室和环境之间进行有限和可控的气体交换，以增强室内发芽条件的均匀性。 排气孔不是很大，以至于不受控制的环境会导致大量的水分损失。 支架在堆叠时保持托盘之间的期望间隔，以防止不期望的扰动和刮除生长介质和种子。 裙子略微锥形，允许托盘嵌套，无论是空还是满。

公开(公告)号：US4104975A

公开(公告)日：1978-08-08

申请号：US757995

申请日：1977-01-10

申请人： Lawrence L. Ingram ,  Javier D. Infante

发明人： Lawrence L. Ingram ,  Javier D. Infante

IPC分类号： A01C11/02 ,  A01C9/06

CPC分类号： A01C11/02 ,  Y10S111/914

摘要： Apparatus for introducing into a prepared field surface a plurality of seedling bodies each of which includes a small plant that is growing in a root supporting medium. A conveyor onto which the seedling bodies are placed and a mechanism for receiving the seedling bodies in sequence from the conveyor for transporting them to a trench in the field surface. The transporting device includes two pivotable jaws and strategically located cams for opening and closing the jaws to receive the plant from the conveyor and them to deposit the plant into the trench at the correct location and position. A drive mechanism for the conveyor so that the plants are delivered to the transporting means at the proper time and position.

摘要翻译： 用于在准备的场表面中引入多个幼苗体的装置，每个幼苗体包括在根支持培养基中生长的小植物。 输送机，其上放置幼苗体，以及用于从输送机依次接收幼苗体的机构，用于将其输送到田间表面中的沟槽。 输送装置包括两个可枢转的夹爪和位置优先的凸轮，用于打开和关闭钳口以从输送机接收植物，并将它们放置在正确位置和位置的沟槽中。 用于输送机的驱动机构，使得植物在适当的时间和位置被输送到输送装置。

公开(公告)号：US5220113A

公开(公告)日：1993-06-15

申请号：US381491

申请日：1989-07-18

申请人： David S. Miltz

发明人： David S. Miltz

IPC分类号： A01H5/12

CPC分类号： A01H5/12

摘要： A lettuce cultivar of the Vanguard-group is disclosed which has heads having a mean diameter of 14 cm with medium green, glossy leaves, which is highly resistant to corky root rot and which is adapted to summer planting in mineral soils in summer cool regions along the Pacific Coast of North America.

摘要翻译： 先锋集团的莴苣品种被公开，其具有平均直径为14厘米的头部，中等绿色，有光泽的叶子，其对软木根腐病具有高度抗性，并且适合于在夏季凉爽地区的矿物土壤中夏季种植 北美太平洋海岸。

公开(公告)号：US4854802A

公开(公告)日：1989-08-08

申请号：US88759

申请日：1987-08-24

申请人： Peter F. deGroot

发明人： Peter F. deGroot

IPC分类号： A01C11/00

CPC分类号： A01C11/025

摘要： An improved transfer mechanism for extracting and transporting plants from a high density incubating tray to a singulated constant velocity conveyed path in which each plant is gripped by planting fingers is set forth. The planter is moved across a field at relatively constant velocity and has the planting fingers conventionally depositing the plant upright and stationary with respect to the passing ground where they are covered by conventional furrowing and packing apparatus. The conveying planting fingers are serially mounted on an endless conveyor and hence pass the vicinity of the incubating tray from which extraction and transfer of the plants must occur at a relatively constant velocity. A tray extraction mechanism is provided which includes a tray conveyor, plant extractor plugs and a tray extraction reciprocation apparatus. The tray extraction reciprocation apparatus functions to oscillate the tray conveyor and plant extractors parallel to the path of the planting fingers. When the oscillation is in the same direction as the conveyed planting fingers, the speed of the planting conveyor is synchronized to the speed of the planting fingers. After this synchronization has occurred, the tray conveyor advances a row of plants into the opened planting fingers and the fingers close gripping the plant at the stem. At substantially the same time, the plug extractors and tray move relative to one another so that in cooperation with the gripping planting fingers, the plants are urged out of the tray. Once the plants are clear of the tray, the plug extractors retract completely through and out of the tray and the oscillation continues with movement opposite to the direction of the conveyed chain for the next cycle. By the expedient of loading the serially conveyed fingers with tray wide rows of plants, plant acceleration forces occur when the plant is protected by its incubating tray. Both transporting and transplanting of the plant occured with the required forces of acceleration held to a minimum. A timing screw is set forth for driving the tray conveyor. An array of the set forth planters is set forth.

公开(公告)号：US4750439A

公开(公告)日：1988-06-14

申请号：US900932

申请日：1986-08-27

申请人： Peter F. deGroot

发明人： Peter F. deGroot

IPC分类号： A01G9/08 ,  A01C11/02 ,  B25B5/08 ,  B65G65/02 ,  F16H25/18

CPC分类号： A01G9/083 ,  A01C11/025 ,  Y10T74/1896

摘要： A planting finger assembly having paired planting fingers is disclosed for use with a planter of the type wherein plants are removed from a nursery tray, preferably by the stem, and transported to a secondary growing location preferably in a field for harvest. Each planting finger assembly has a pair of planting finger shafts mounted in parallel. The finger shafts each terminate in radially extending wedged shaped gripping fingers for holding and releasing the plant. The two fingers on each plant finger assembly rotate on the finger shafts towards and away from one another responsive to oppositely disposed spiral cams and a joined pair of cam followers. Opposite rotation of the fingers moves the fingers from an opened position for receiving or discharging a plant to a closed position for gripping and transporting the plant. When paired finger assemblies are disposed in side-by-side relation and the respective planting fingers of each assembly are opened, the wedge shaped fingers of adjacent assemblies form separating wedges for the plants. Typically, the separating wedges separate the foliage of plants in adjacent cells and direct them into the receiving pockets formed by the open gripping fingers on each finger assembly. Thereafter, when the fingers are closed, adjacent fingers on each finger assembly grab only the immediately intended plant and do not entangle the foliage of adjacent plants.

摘要翻译： 已经公开了具有配对种植手指的种植指组件，用于与种植者一起使用，其中植物优选地通过茎从苗圃托盘移除，并被运送到优选在田间进行收获的次生生长位置。 每个种植指组件具有平行安装的一对种植指轴。 手指轴各自终止于径向延伸的楔形形状的夹持指状物中，用于保持和释放植物。 每个植物手指组件上的两个手指响应于相对设置的螺旋凸轮和连接的一对凸轮从动件在手指轴上相对于彼此旋转并远离彼此旋转。 手指的相反旋转将手指从打开位置移动，以将植物接收或排出到关闭位置，以夹紧和运送植物。 当成对的手指组件并排布置并且每个组件的各个植入指状物被打开时，相邻组件的楔形指状物形成用于植物的分离楔块。 通常，分离楔将相邻细胞中的植物的叶片分开并将它们引导到由每个指状物组件上的打开的夹持指状物形成的接收袋中。 此后，当手指闭合时，每个手指组件上的相邻手指仅抓住立即预期的植物，并且不缠结相邻植物的叶子。

公开(公告)号：US4168597A

公开(公告)日：1979-09-25

申请号：US881616

申请日：1978-02-27

申请人： David W. Cayton

发明人： David W. Cayton

IPC分类号： A01D45/00 ,  A23B7/04 ,  B65B55/00 ,  B65B63/08

CPC分类号： A01D45/263 ,  A23B7/04 ,  A23B7/0408 ,  Y10S426/809

摘要： A method and apparatus for harvesting and processing head lettuce wherein the lettuce is shredded immediately upon harvesting and before deterioration occurs. The shredded lettuce is retained in an insulated or refrigerated enclosure and then promptly transported to a mobile processing trailer where it is further cleaned and chilled and finally packaged for shipment. The practice of the method and apparatus permits the lettuce to be on its way to the consumer on the same day that it is harvested from the field.A method and apparatus for simultaneously chilling, washing and adding preservatives to the chilled lettuce in a continuous fashion. A mobile enclosure embodying the apparatus and adapted to perform the method wherein the lettuce is maintained at a reduced temperature throughout all stages of processing.

摘要翻译： 收获和处理头莴苣的方法和装置，其中莴苣在收获后和发生变质之前立即切碎。 切碎的莴苣保存在绝缘或冷藏的外壳中，然后及时运送到移动处理拖车，进一步清洁和冷冻，最后包装运输。 该方法和设备的实践允许莴苣在从野外收获的同一天到消费者的路上。

公开(公告)号：US4869637A

公开(公告)日：1989-09-26

申请号：US900942

申请日：1986-08-27

申请人： Peter F. deGroot

发明人： Peter F. deGroot

IPC分类号： A01C11/00

CPC分类号： A01C11/025

摘要： An improved transfer mechanism for extracting and transporting plants from a high density incubating tray to a singulated constant velocity conveyed path in which each plant is gripped by planting fingers is disclosed. The planter is moved across a field at relatively constant velocity and has the planting fingers conventionally depositing the plant upright and stationary with respect to the passing ground where they are covered by conventional furrowing and packing apparatus. The conveying planting fingers are serially mounted on an endless conveyor and hence pass the vicinity of the incubating tray from which extraction and transfer of the plants must occur at a relatively constant velocity. A tray extraction mechanism is provided which includes a tray conveyor, plant extractor plugs and a tray extraction reciprocation apparatus. The tray extraction reciprocation apparatus functions to oscillate the tray conveyor and plant extractors parallel to the path of the planting fingers. When the oscillation is in the same direction as the conveyed planting fingers, the speed of the planting conveyor is synchronized to the speed of the planting fingers. After this synchronization has occurred, the tray conveyor advances a row of plants into the opened planting fingers and the fingers close gripping the plant at the stem. At substantially the same time, the plug extractors and tray move relative to one another so that in cooperation with the gripping planting fingers the plants are urged out of the tray. Once the plants are clear of the tray, the plug extractors retract completely through and out of the tray and the oscillation continues with movement opposite to the direction of the conveyed chain for the next cycle. By the expedient of loading the serially conveyed fingers with tray wide rows of plants, plant acceleration forces occur when the plant is protected by its incubating tray. Both transporting and transplanting of the plant occurred with the required forces of acceleration held to a minimum.

公开(公告)号：US4651910A

公开(公告)日：1987-03-24

申请号：US820288

申请日：1986-01-17

申请人： Peter F. DeGroot

发明人： Peter F. DeGroot

IPC分类号： B65H35/00 ,  B26F3/02

CPC分类号： B65H35/0026 ,  Y10T225/10 ,  Y10T225/222 ,  Y10T225/248 ,  Y10T225/255

摘要： A tape dispenser for an agricultural/industrial environment having wind and dirt dispenses tape adhesive side upwardly exposed. Centrally of the dispenser there is placed a roll of tape conventionally wound in a spiral. The roll of tape has an outwardly exposed adhesive release surface and an inwardly exposed adhesive coated surface and is wound in a first direction. In the dispenser, the tape is threaded from the first direction of its spiral wound path to a reversed path around the roll in a second and opposite direction. Typically, the reversed path is defined over the surfaces of four rollers with the adhesive release side inwardly exposed to the rollers and the adhesive coated side outwardly exposed. The roll and reverse path are encased within a housing to prevent the outwardly exposed adhesive from adhering either to ambient dust or nearby objects. The tape passes free from the housing along a dispensing path to a convention severing tape knife. The dispensing path includes a section open to the interior of the casing which allows the adhesive release side of tape on the dispensing path to attach to a small portion of the exposed adhesive on the reversed path. Thus, the tape is held by adhesive at the adhesive release coating and can be dispensed from the dispensing path and firmly held in the vicinity of the severing knife when tape is severed.

摘要翻译： 用于具有风和污物的农业/工业环境的胶带分配器将胶带粘合剂侧向上露出。 在分配器的中央放置一卷通常以螺旋形缠绕的带。 带卷具有向外暴露的粘合剂释放表面和向内暴露的粘合剂涂覆表面并沿第一方向缠绕。 在分配器中，胶带从其螺旋卷绕路径的第一方向被螺纹连接到沿着第二和相反方向的辊周围的反向路径。 通常，反向路径被限定在四个辊的表面上，其中粘合剂释放侧向内暴露于辊并且粘合剂涂覆侧向外暴露。 辊和反向路径被封装在壳体内，以防止外露的粘合剂粘附到环境灰尘或附近的物体上。 胶带沿着分配路径从壳体中释放到常规切割胶带刀。 分配路径包括通向壳体内部的部分，其允许分配路径上的胶带的粘合剂释放侧附着到反向路径上暴露的粘合剂的一小部分上。 因此，带被粘合剂保持在粘合剂剥离涂层处，并且当带被切断时，可以从分配路径分配并且牢固地保持在切割刀附近。

公开(公告)号：US4466554A

公开(公告)日：1984-08-21

申请号：US364577

申请日：1982-04-01

申请人： William A. Hanacek ,  Paul Bickel

发明人： William A. Hanacek ,  Paul Bickel

IPC分类号： A01C7/00 ,  B65H3/00

CPC分类号： A01C7/002 ,  Y10S47/901

摘要： A seeder is disclosed which includes prior art elements of a bottom stationary drop plate, an intermediate and sliding reciprocating cell plate with individual singulating cells, and "wiper bars" overlying and in sliding engagement with the cell plate. The improvement herein has the overlying wiper bars apertured in registry to the underlying drop holes. The cell plate at each individual singulating cell reciprocates to and from a position of registry with and to the wiper bar apertures above and drop apertures below. Reciprocation to a position of registry typically accumulates a singulated seed in each cell of the cell plate, and thus places the seeder in position for seeding with singulation. A probe, registered to the wiper bar aperture is mounted for reciprocation relative to the wiper bar aperture. The probe is actuated in its reciprocation when registration of the singulating cell to the wiper bar aperture and drop hole is effected. Upon occurrance of this registration, the probe passes downwardly, penetrates through and clears both the singulating cell and drop hole. Probe penetration typically continues passing beyond the bottom of the drop hole to urge seed into the receiving aperture only of the underlying plug. Apparatus for accomplishing this function remotely is disclosed.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种播种机，其包括底部固定底板的现有技术元件，具有各自单独单元的中间和滑动往复式单元板以及覆盖并与该单元板滑动接合的“刮水条”。 这里的改进具有在下面的下落孔中注册到孔中的覆盖的刮片。 每个单独分离单元处的单元板在注册的位置和从其上方的擦拭器杆孔向上往上移动并且向下滑动孔。 对注册位置的往复通常在细胞板的每个细胞中积累单个种子，从而将播种机置于适当位置以进行播种。 注册到雨刮杆孔的探头安装成相对于雨刮杆孔径往复运动。 当分离单元对擦拭杆孔和落孔进行配准时，探头在其往复运动中被致动。 在发生这种配准时，探针向下通过，并穿过并清除分离单元和滴孔。 探针穿透通常继续超过滴孔的底部，以迫使种子仅进入下面的插塞的接收孔中。 公开了用于远程完成该功能的装置。

公开(公告)号：US4443151A

公开(公告)日：1984-04-17

申请号：US167289

申请日：1980-07-09

申请人： Errol C. Armstrong ,  William A. Hanacek ,  Thomas A. Spinetti

发明人： Errol C. Armstrong ,  William A. Hanacek ,  Thomas A. Spinetti

IPC分类号： A01C11/02 ,  A01C5/00 ,  A01C11/00 ,  A01G9/02 ,  B65G47/06 ,  B65G47/46 ,  B65G47/80 ,  B65G47/82 ,  E02F20060101

CPC分类号： A01C11/025

摘要： A machine for automatically removing soil plugs from the densely packed configuration of their growing tray and presenting them serially in a reliable and precisely positioned manner to appropriate plug takeup portions of an automated plug handling system. Broadly, the plug loader and feeder according to the present invention comprises a reciprocating plug ejection mechanism operable to remove a complete row of plugs from the tray, a tray indexing mechanism for incrementally moving the tray, one row at a time, past the plug ejection mechanism, and a carousel feeder which acts first as a receiving station and then as a plug presenting system. The machine further comprises a synchronous drive mechanism for taking motion from any appropriate input drive and generating the timed motions of the above-mentioned components over each machine cycle. A machine cycle is characterized by the ejection of one row of plugs from the tray, the typically downward movement of the tray by one row, and the movement of the carousel by a distance equal to the length of a row.

摘要翻译： 一种机器，用于自动从其生长的托盘的密集装配的构造中去除土壤塞，并以可靠和精确的定位方式将它们连续地呈现给自动插头处理系统的适当插头卷取部分。 广义地说，根据本发明的插头装载机和进料器包括一个往复式插头弹出机构，可操作以从托盘中移除一整排塞子;托盘分度机构，用于逐渐地移动托盘，每一行一个通过插头弹出 机构，以及作为接收站首先作为插头呈现系统的转盘馈送器。 该机器还包括同步驱动机构，用于从任何适当的输入驱动器进行运动，并在每个机器周期上产生上述部件的定时运动。 机器循环的特征在于从托盘排出一排塞子，托盘通常向下运动一排，并且圆盘传送带的移动距离等于一行的长度。