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公开(公告)号：US5712678A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-27
申请号：US524319
申请日：1995-09-06
申请人： Otto Hofmann
发明人： Otto Hofmann
摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for scanning a surface of an object, transversely to a direction of motion. A scanner is provided for flying over the object at a flight altitude and flight velocity, having a system focal length, a scanning element rotating at a rotation speed which scans a surface over a scanning angle and a detector row, arranged at right angles to the scanning direction. A detector row is provided with a plurality of equal size individual detectors, which are capable of generating fundamental object pixels of a size which depends upon the distance from the object up to a maximum scanning distance. A standard object pixel, of a size corresponding to a fundamental object pixel, is driven at the maximum scanning distance. For each scanning sweep, via a sampling process, a uniform grid is formed which is composed of standard object pixels of a size corresponding to a fundamental object pixel at the maximum scanning distance in several lines and without gaps and/or overlaps. Uniform grids of consecutive sweeps have no gaps and overlaps between each other. A sampling process is performed for forming a uniform grid, independent of an actual flight altitude, and an actual flight velocity for each scanning sweep. The system focal length and the rotational speed of the scanner are controlled as functions of an actual flight altitude and flight velocity so that uniform grids, of consecutive scanning sweeps, have no gaps and/or overlaps between each other.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种横向于运动方向扫描物体表面的方法和装置。 提供了一种扫描器，用于以飞行高度和飞行速度飞过物体，具有系统焦距，以扫描角度的扫描角的旋转速度旋转的扫描元件和检测器行，该扫描元件与 扫描方向。 检测器行设置有多个相等尺寸的单独检测器，其能够产生取决于从物体到物体到最大扫描距离的距离的尺寸的基本物体像素。 与基本物体像素对应的尺寸的标准对象像素以最大扫描距离被驱动。 对于每个扫描扫描，通过采样处理，形成均匀的网格，其由几行中最大扫描距离处的基本物体像素的大小的标准物体像素组成，并且没有间隙和/或重叠。 连续扫描的均匀网格没有间隙并且彼此重叠。 执行采样过程，用于形成均匀的网格，与实际飞行高度无关，以及每次扫描扫描的实际飞行速度。 扫描仪的系统焦距和旋转速度被控制为实际飞行高度和飞行速度的函数，使得连续扫描扫描的均匀网格在彼此之间没有间隙和/或重叠。
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公开(公告)号：US5322258A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-21
申请号：US634154
申请日：1990-12-11
申请人： Dieter Bosch , Helmut Seidel , Gunter Muck
发明人： Dieter Bosch , Helmut Seidel , Gunter Muck
CPC分类号： F16K99/0001 , F15C5/00 , F16K99/0009 , F16K99/0015 , F16K99/0046 , F16K99/0051 , F16K2099/0074 , F16K2099/0094 , F16K99/0034
摘要： A micromechanical actuator is suggested, the movable part of which, such as the diaphragm, the bending bar or a similar device, can be moved relative to a stationary part by a combination of electromagnetic and electrostatic forces. The manufacturing techniques and the applications of the actuator are described. The construction is very compact, that is, highly integrated.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP90 / 00634 Sec。 371 1990年12月11日第 102（e）1990年12月11日的PCT PCT 1990年4月19日提交PCT公布。 第WO90 / 13750号公报 日期为1990年11月15日。建议使用微机械致动器，其可动部分，例如隔膜，弯曲杆或类似装置，可通过电磁和静电力的组合相对于静止部件移动。 描述了制造技术和致动器的应用。 施工非常紧凑，即高度整合。
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公开(公告)号：US5265113A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-23
申请号：US663840
申请日：1991-03-26
CPC分类号： H01S5/02268 , G02B6/4226 , G02B6/43 , G02B6/4227 , H01S3/0407 , H01S3/042 , H01S3/09415 , H01S5/02423
摘要： Integrated microsystem comprising electrical and nonelectrical, particularly optical functions in a laser system, wherein a base comprising anisotropically etchable semiconducting material on which etching structures for receiving optical and/or electro-optical and electrical/electronic and/or fluidic and/or mechanical elements or their mountings are arranged in predetermined distances and/or levels, as well as integrated switching circuits, and that at least a part of the optical, electro-optical or mechanical elements or their mounting is controllable and movable electrically in such a way that its position relative to the base is actively changeable, and that at least one sensor is provided which determines the effect of the position change on the function of at least a part of a microsystem and supplies a signal for repeated readjustment (self-adjusting) of optical elements and their mounting.
摘要翻译： 在激光系统中包括电和非电特性光学功能的集成微系统，其中包括各向异性可蚀刻的半导体材料的基底，其上用于接收光学和/或电光学和电学/电子和/或流体和/或机械元件的蚀刻结构， 它们的安装被布置成预定的距离和/或水平以及集成的开关电路，并且至少一部分光学，电光学或机械元件或它们的安装是可控制的并且可以电动移动，使得其位置 并且提供至少一个传感器，其确定位置变化对微系统的至少一部分的功能的影响，并提供用于光学元件的重复调整（自调整）的信号 和他们的安装。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5216632A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-01
申请号：US806524
申请日：1991-12-13
申请人： Werner Wipfelder
发明人： Werner Wipfelder
IPC分类号： G11C11/34 , G11C11/412
CPC分类号： G11C11/412
摘要： A memory arrangement that includes a static memory cell with two MOSFETs that are connected such that an input signal for setting the memory cell is applied to one MOSFET, and the output of the other MOSFET is connected to the input of the first MOSFET, so that one MOSFET is always conductive while the other is blocked. The two MOSFETs are connected with positive feedback. In each case, the gate electrode is connected to a voltage equal to half the battery voltage. The source electrode of the first (N channel) MOSFET forms the input of the memory cell. The drain electrode of the first MOSFET is connected to the source electrode of the second (P channel) MOSFET. The blocking resistance of the drain-substrate diode of the first MOSFET is greater than the blocking resistance of the source-substrate diode of the second MOSFET. Also, the output voltage of the first (N channel) MOSFET is greater than the sum of the gate voltage and the threshold voltage of the second (P channel) MOSFET.
摘要翻译： 一种存储器装置，其包括具有两个MOSFET的静态存储单元，所述两个MOSFET被连接，使得用于设置存储单元的输入信号被施加到一个MOSFET，并且另一个MOSFET的输出连接到第一MOSFET的输入，使得 一个MOSFET总是导通，而另一个MOSFET被阻塞。 两个MOSFET与正反馈连接。 在每种情况下，栅电极连接到等于电池电压一半的电压。 第一（N沟道）MOSFET的源电极形成存储单元的输入。 第一MOSFET的漏电极连接到第二（P沟道）MOSFET的源电极。 第一MOSFET的漏极 - 衬底二极管的阻塞电阻大于第二个MOSFET的源 - 衬底二极管的阻抗。 此外，第一（N沟道）MOSFET的输出电压大于第二（P沟道）MOSFET的栅极电压和阈值电压之和。
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公开(公告)号：US5210408A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-11
申请号：US779337
申请日：1991-10-18
申请人： Dietmar Krieger
发明人： Dietmar Krieger
CPC分类号： G02B6/3604 , G01D5/347 , G02B6/3532 , G02B6/3594 , G02B6/3598 , Y10T74/1264
摘要： The electro-optic measurement tapping device for a motion sensor movably arranged in a receptacle which can be rotated about a shaft, the deflection of the motion sensor from an initial position being detected and measured. The motiond detector has, on a side facing the rotating shaft of the receptacle, a scale provided with different optical characteristics in code form. In an axial bore of the rotating shaft, at least one fiber-optical light guide is arranged, one end of which is directed to the scale and the other end of which is directed to an electro-optic component, the electro-optic component being fixedly connected with a housing part bearing the rotating shaft of the receptacle.
摘要翻译： 用于可移动地布置在可以围绕轴旋转的插座中的运动传感器的电光测量分接装置，运动传感器从初始位置的偏转被检测和测量。 运动检测器在面向容器的旋转轴的一侧具有以代码形式提供不同光学特性的刻度。 在旋转轴的轴向孔中，布置至少一个光纤光导，其一端被引导到标尺上，另一端指向电光部件，电光部件是 与承载容器的旋转轴的壳体部分固定连接。
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公开(公告)号：US5200015A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-06
申请号：US692903
申请日：1991-04-29
申请人： Lothar Schilf
发明人： Lothar Schilf
IPC分类号： F16L59/06 , F16L59/065 , F16L59/20
CPC分类号： F16L59/21 , F16L59/065 , F16L59/20
摘要： A process for joining variously shaped vacuum heat insulating elements having edges adapted to be butted against each other or to overlap each other. A bellows is tightly connected with each vacuum heat insulating element in the area of its edges, the free edge of the bellows projecting beyond the element. The heat insulating elements are positioned such that the edges of the bellows rest against one another in an aligned manner or overlap, and the bellows are tightly connected with one another. The heat insulating elements are then moved against one another until their edges rest against one another or overlap, and are tightly connected with one another. The gap at the joint formed between the heat insulating elements and the bellows is evacuated and closed off tightly.
摘要翻译： 用于接合各种形状的真空绝热元件的方法，其具有适于彼此对接或彼此重叠的边缘。 波纹管在其边缘区域与每个真空绝热元件紧密连接，波纹管的自由边缘突出超出元件。 绝热元件被定位成使得波纹管的边缘以对准的方式或重叠地彼此抵靠，并且波纹管彼此紧密连接。 隔热元件然后彼此相对移动直到它们的边缘相互靠在一起或重叠，并彼此紧密连接。 在隔热元件和波纹管之间形成的接头处的间隙被抽真空并且紧密地封闭。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5175756A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-29
申请号：US792177
申请日：1991-11-14
申请人： Hans-Wolfgang Pongratz , Ingbert Bastian , Nikolaus Moritz , Werner Triftshauser , Gottfried Kogel , Peter Sperr
发明人： Hans-Wolfgang Pongratz , Ingbert Bastian , Nikolaus Moritz , Werner Triftshauser , Gottfried Kogel , Peter Sperr
CPC分类号： G01V5/0033 , G01N23/2206 , G01V5/0041 , G01V5/0058 , G01V5/0069
摘要： A device for detecting nitrogenous, phosphoric, chloric and/or oxygenous substances inside an object, particularly of explosives or addictive substances in pieces of luggage. A nuclear activating device stimulates the emission of positron radiation from nitrogen, phosphorous, chlorine and/or oxygen, and an activity measuring device records positron-electron annihilation radiation.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测物体内的含氮，磷酸，氯和/或氧物质的装置，特别是用于行李箱中的炸药或成瘾物质的装置。 核激活装置刺激从氮，磷，氯和/或氧发射正电子辐射，并且活性测量装置记录正电子 - 电子湮灭辐射。
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公开(公告)号：US5156604A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-20
申请号：US781320
申请日：1991-10-24
申请人： Stefan Hessel , Patricia Taige
发明人： Stefan Hessel , Patricia Taige
CPC分类号： A61B1/317 , A61B18/22 , A61B2017/00349
摘要： An arthroscopic probe having an elongated shaft with a small probing hook, which can be used for diagnostic purposes and which, for therapeutic purposes, has a longitudinally displaceable optical fiber guided at the distal end of the probing hook so that it is curved by approximately 30.degree..
摘要翻译： 关节镜探头具有细长轴，其具有小的探针，其可用于诊断目的，并且为了治疗目的，具有在探针的远端处被引导的可纵向移位的光纤，使得其弯曲约30 DEG。
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9.发明授权Method and apparatus for crystallizing substances dissolved in a liquid at zero-gravity 失效在零重力下使溶解在液体中的物质结晶的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5139605A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-18
申请号：US553961
申请日：1990-07-17
申请人： Walter Littke , Erhard Schoen
发明人： Walter Littke , Erhard Schoen
CPC分类号： C30B7/00 , C30B30/08 , Y10S117/901
摘要： A method for crystallizing substances, which are dissolved in a liquid at zero-gravity. In order to limit the extent of lattice defects occurring in the crystallized monocrystals as much as possible, it is provided, that the liquid during the crystallization is held as a quasi freely suspended liquid sphere and the substance in the liquid is crystallized using methods known per se. The liquid sphere is expediently held suspended within a space, which is limited from the outside by retaining elements. In a corresponding device, the retaining elements can be placed on the interior walls of a container.
摘要翻译： 一种在零重力下溶解在液体中的物质结晶的方法。 为了尽可能地限制结晶化单晶中发生的晶格缺陷的程度，提供了在结晶过程中的液体被保持为准自由悬浮的液体球，液体中的物质使用已知的方法结晶 se。 液体球体有利地保持悬挂在通过保持元件从外部限制的空间内。 在相应的装置中，保持元件可以放置在容器的内壁上。
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10.发明授权Method and a device for aligning a space vehicle, particularly a geostationary satellite, in a reference direction 失效用于对准空间车辆的方法和装置，特别是地球卫星，参考方向
公开(公告)号：US5132910A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-21
申请号：US550870
申请日：1990-07-11
CPC分类号： G05D1/0883 , B64G1/36 , B64G1/363
摘要： A method and arrangement for aligning a space vehicle with respect to a reference object is disclosed. A measuring direction is obtained by determining the angular orientation direction of the space vehicle with respect to the reference object and subsequently the space vehicle is aligned by means of actuators such that the measuring direction corresponds to a reference direction on the space vehicle. The actuators are driven by control signals which are derived from the measuring direction to cause control torques on the space vehicle. The orientation of the space vehicle and reference object is determined only with respect to a single measuring direction along a main axis of a direction sensor. The following steps are taken if the measuring direction does not correspond to the reference direction on the space vehicle:a) the space vehicle is rotated around the reference direction on the space vehicle,b) controlling a fault component of the direction of the reference object situated in the measuring direction by locking on a first control torque perpendicularly with respect to the reference direction on the space vehicle, andc) controlling the unmeasurable component of the direction of the reference object situated perpendicularly with respect to the measuring direction by locking on a second control torque perpendicularly with respect to the reference direction and perpendicularly with respect to the first steering moment.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于使空间车辆相对于参考物体对准的方法和装置。 通过确定空间车辆相对于参考物体的角度定向方向，随后空间飞行器通过致动器对准，使得测量方向对应于空间车辆上的参考方向，来获得测量方向。 致动器由从测量方向导出的控制信号驱动，以产生空间车辆上的控制扭矩。 仅沿着方向传感器的主轴的单个测量方向确定空间车辆和参考对象的方位。 如果测量方向与空间飞行器上的参考方向不对应，则采取以下步骤：a）空间车辆绕空中飞行器的参考方向旋转，b）控制参考物体的方向的故障分量 通过锁定垂直于空间车辆上的参考方向的第一控制扭矩而位于测量方向，以及c）通过锁定在相对于测量方向垂直定位的基准物体的方向上的不可测量分量 第二控制扭矩相对于参考方向垂直并且相对于第一转向力矩垂直。
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