摘要:
A control system includes a starter control module, a mode setting module, a throttle control module, and a fuel control module. The starter control module initiates cranking of a spark ignition direct injection (SIDI) engine in response to user actuation of an ignition switch. The mode setting module sets a mode of operation to a coldstart mode when an engine coolant temperature is less than a predetermined temperature during the cranking. The throttle control module allows a throttle valve to be biased to a predetermined open position when the SIDI engine is off and, in response to the setting of the mode to the coldstart mode, selectively closes the throttle valve relative to the predetermined open position during the cranking. The fuel control module, in response to the setting of the mode to the coldstart mode, disables direct injection of fuel for a first combustion event during the cranking.
摘要:
A thermal management system includes a catalytic converter module that determines whether a catalytic converter is active. A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst module determines whether a SCR catalyst is active. An engine control module adjusts an air and fuel ratio of an engine to operate at a stoichiometric ratio and retards spark of the engine when the catalytic converter is not active. The engine control module at least one of performs post fuel injection and directly injects fuel into an exhaust system of the engine when the catalytic converter is active and the SCR catalyst is not active.
摘要:
A desulfation control system includes a desulfation control module and a spark control module. The desulfation control module initiates a desulfation process in an emission reduction device by increasing temperature of the emission reduction device. The spark control module retards a spark timing to increase the temperature of the emission reduction device in response to the desulfation control module initiating the desulfation process.
摘要:
A gun trigger safety device for double action revolvers and other guns which holds the trigger in an unfireable position is disclosed. The gun trigger safety device comprises a plug that is molded to conform to the space defined by the inner perimeter of the gun trigger guard behind the trigger. The trigger is held in an unfireable condition when the plug is properly inserted. The gun trigger safety device includes flexible, asymmetrical flanges formed on both sides thereof which partially extend around the trigger guard and the rear edge of the trigger to secure the safety device in position. The flange on the entering side of the gun trigger safety device will bend as it is pushed into the trigger guard housing behind the trigger. The leading edge of the entering flange is radiused to facilitate insertion of the device into its functional position behind the trigger. In one embodiment the asymmetrical flanges are configured so as to be released from the right side of the weapon by right handed persons. In an alternative embodiment the asymmetrical flanges are configured so as to be removed from the left side of the weapon by left handed persons. This unidirectional release function reduces the chance that a child or an uninitiated person will inadvertently release the device. The gun trigger safety device is fabricated with different surface finishes to match the guns coloration in order to disguise the fact that the weapon is in a disabled condition.
摘要:
A method for securely mooring a floating tension leg platform to an anchoring base template. The method involves swinging an end of a neutrally bouyant, one piece tendon which has an enlarged connector downwardly into position adjacent an anchoring receptacle, pulling the enlarged connector through a side-entry opening in the receptacle, lifting the tendon to seat the enlarged connector in a load ring of the receptacle, adjusting the effective length of the tendon to place it in tension and repeating these steps for each of the mooring tendons.
摘要:
Electrical terminals for a wound capacitor section and a method of attaching the electrical terminals to the section are disclosed. Adjacent convolutions of a wound capacitor section are electrically connected to one another through conventional metal spraying techniques. Flat copper tabs having the surfaces thereof tinned, as with a thin layer of solder, provide the terminal connection leads for use of the capacitor in an electrical circuit. The tinned copper tabs are secured to either end of the capacitor section by tack welding the tab to the sprayed metal end of the winding. Tack welding of the tab to the metal coating insures electrical connection but provides little strength in mechanical connection. Each end of the capacitor section is then again provided with a sprayed metal coating over both the first coating and the tinned tabs.
摘要:
A process and apparatus for obtaining a more concentrated solution of components such as chromium containing anions by the use of ion exchange beds. A solution containing the component to be concentrated is passed through a first bed in which the component is taken up. A second solution containing a component of opposite charge from the first component is passed through the first bed to take up the component from the first bed and then through a second bed capable of taking up the second component from the solution. The second solution is passed from the first bed directly to and through the second bed, and both beds are rinsed following passage of the second solution therethrough by passing a rinse solution through the second bed and then directly to and through the first bed in a direction opposite to the direction in which said second solution passed through the beds.
摘要:
A control system includes a starter control module, a mode setting module, a throttle control module, and a fuel control module. The starter control module initiates cranking of a spark ignition direct injection (SIDI) engine in response to user actuation of an ignition switch. The mode setting module sets a mode of operation to a coldstart mode when an engine coolant temperature is less than a predetermined temperature during the cranking. The throttle control module allows a throttle valve to be biased to a predetermined open position when the SIDI engine is off and, in response to the setting of the mode to the coldstart mode, selectively closes the throttle valve relative to the predetermined open position during the cranking. The fuel control module, in response to the setting of the mode to the coldstart mode, disables direct injection of fuel for a first combustion event during the cranking.
摘要:
A method for treating demyelinating central nervous system diseases in a subject that comprises administering to the subject a composition comprising a therapeutically active amount of colony stimulating factor or CSF-like ligand. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the CSF is a GM-CSF. In a most preferred embodiment of the present invention, CSF is sargramostim.