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公开(公告)号：US4932131A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US264970
申请日：1988-10-24
申请人： David R. McMurtry , David Wilson , Gillies D. Pitt
发明人： David R. McMurtry , David Wilson , Gillies D. Pitt
CPC分类号： G01B21/042 , G01B5/0009
摘要： A position determination apparatus comprising a coordinate measuring machine having a scale. In addition, a read/write head and a laser interferometer system are provided, both of which can measure the position of a probe. The head writes signals derived from the interferometer onto the scale and is used either to lay down the periodic scale marks, or to write error correction values onto the scale. The scale is thus calibrated in situ on the machine.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB88 / 00165 Sec。 371日期：1988年10月24日第 102（e）日期1988年10月24日PCT提交1988年3月7日PCT公布。 出版物WO88 / 06713 日期：1988年9月7日。一种位置确定装置，包括具有刻度的坐标测量机。 另外，提供读/写头和激光干涉仪系统，这两者都可以测量探针的位置。 头将从干涉仪导出的信号写入刻度，并用于放置周期刻度标记，或将误差校正值写入刻度。 因此秤在机器上原位校准。
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公开(公告)号：US4587509A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-06
申请号：US625559
申请日：1984-06-28
申请人： Gillies D. Pitt , Philip Extance
发明人： Gillies D. Pitt , Philip Extance
CPC分类号： H01L43/04
摘要： A Hall effect device for responding to weak magnetic fields uses a small chip of gallium arsenide located between the overlapped ends of two flux concentrators. The spacing between the concentrators may be as small as 95 micrometers. The flux concentrator, which serve to enhance the device's sensitivity are made of amorphous magnetic material, i.e. a metallic glass, which has high permeability.
摘要翻译： 用于响应弱磁场的霍尔效应装置使用位于两个磁通集中器的重叠端之间的小的砷化镓芯片。 集中器之间的间距可以小至95微米。 用于提高器件灵敏度的助焊剂由具有高透过性的非晶磁性材料即金属玻璃制成。
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公开(公告)号：US4372165A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-08
申请号：US185629
申请日：1980-09-10
CPC分类号： G01F1/3245
摘要： A fluid flowmeter of the vortex shedding type. The vortex frequency is determined from variations in the internal reflectivity of a prism 16 mounted in the fluid and coupled to a light source 13 and to a detector/frequency meter 14 via an optical waveguide arrangement 15. Passage of a vortex adjacent the prism 16 causes a temporary change in the local fluid refractive index and hence a change in the intensity of light internally reflected by the prism.
摘要翻译： 涡流式流体流量计。 涡流频率由安装在流体中的棱镜16的内部反射率的变化决定，并且通过光波导装置15耦合到光源13和与检测器/频率计14的通道。邻近棱镜16的涡流的通过导致 局部液体折射率的暂时变化，因此由棱镜内部反射的光的强度的变化。
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公开(公告)号：US4339661A
公开(公告)日：1982-07-13
申请号：US167407
申请日：1980-07-11
CPC分类号： G08B13/126 , G01B11/18 , G01F1/3263 , G01H9/004 , G08B13/186
摘要： An optical fibre strain gauge arrangement is employed to take advantage of a so-called speckle effect. As used in a simple strain gauge, a coherent light source, e.g. a laser, launches light via a suitable launching device into a multimode optical fibre or fibre bundle. Due to slight differences in transmission times in the fibre or fibre bundle the light as received at a detector has a speckle pattern. If the fibre or fibre bundle is subjected to strain, the various transmission times are caused to change so that the speckle pattern shifts, the amount of the shift being a measure of the strain. This principle is usable in a vortex flowmeter where the vortices produced by a bluff body influence such a fibre arrangement. Further, when used underwater, passing ships and submarines may be detected. In a building, the arrangement may be used as an intruder detection system.
摘要翻译： 使用光纤应变计装置来利用所谓的斑点效应。 如在简单的应变计中使用的，相干光源，例如， 激光器通过合适的发射装置将光线发射到多模光纤或光纤束中。 由于在光纤或光纤束中的传输时间的微小差异，在检测器处接收到的光具有散斑图案。 如果纤维束或纤维束受到应变，则会发生各种透射时间的变化，使得斑点图案发生偏移，偏移量作为应变的量度。 该原理可用于涡流流量计，其中由非流线体产生的涡流影响这种纤维布置。 此外，当在水下使用时，可能会检测到过往的船只和潜艇。 在建筑物中，该装置可以用作入侵者检测系统。
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公开(公告)号：US4265535A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-05
申请号：US33159
申请日：1979-04-25
申请人： Gillies D. Pitt
发明人： Gillies D. Pitt
CPC分类号： G01N21/532
摘要： A light scattering oil-in-water detector and method. Scattered light is measured at a plurality of scattering angles, one angle being chosen such that the light scattered by the oil is substantially zero. This overcomes interference arising from suspended solids, e.g., rust.
摘要翻译： 一种光散射水包油探测器及方法。 散射光以多个散射角测量，一个角度被选择为使得由油散射的光基本上为零。 这克服了由悬浮固体产生的干扰，例如生锈。
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公开(公告)号：US4637071A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-13
申请号：US675677
申请日：1984-11-28
CPC分类号： F16K31/002 , Y10T137/2196
摘要： An arrangement for the remote actuation of a controlled device, e.g. a hydraulic valve, in situations with stringent safety requirements, uses optical power. The optical power, e.g. from a high-power laser, is conveyed via an optical fibre (1) to the controlled device. Here it falls on a heat-absorbent surface (2), as a result of which a volatile fluid (e.g. freon) is evaporated. This via a bellows (4) drives an output rod (5), which operates the controlled device.Alternatives include a bimetallic strip, a thermostat-type capsule, and a memory metal strip, as the heat responsive device.
摘要翻译： 用于远程致动受控设备的装置，例如， 液压阀，在严格安全要求的情况下，使用光功率。 光功率，例如 从大功率激光器经由光纤（1）传送到受控装置。 这里它落在吸热表面（2）上，结果挥发性流体（例如氟利昂）被蒸发。 通过波纹管（4）驱动输出杆（5），其操作受控装置。 替代方案包括双金属条，恒温型胶囊和记忆金属条，作为热响应装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4519259A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-28
申请号：US470662
申请日：1983-02-28
CPC分类号： G01F1/3245 , G01F1/661
摘要： In order to determine the vortex shedding frequency, from which the fluid flow rate may be calculated, an optical beam, such as produced by a laser, is passed through a fluid, transversely to a vortex street therein, and modulated in dependence on the alternate high and low velocity regions comprising the vortex street. The modulated signal is detected and "cleaned" of noise by filtering with a first (high) band-pass filter of a center frequency f.sub.c, such that the first filter output comprises an amplitude modulated signal of carrier frequency f.sub.c modulated by the vortex shedding frequency, that is the frequency of oscillation of the power spectra between the respective curves for the high and low velocity regions. The first filter output is demodulated and filtered by a second (low) band-pass filter, whose output is of a frequency comprising the vortex shedding frequency.
摘要翻译： 为了确定可以计算流体流速的涡流脱落频率，诸如由激光产生的光束横穿于其中的涡街，流过流体，并根据交替的方式进行调制 包括涡街的高低速区域。 通过用中心频率fc的第一（高）带通滤波器进行滤波来检测和“清除”噪声，使得第一滤波器输出包括由涡旋脱落频率调制的载波频率fc的调幅信号 ，即高速和低速区各曲线之间功率谱的振荡频率。 第一滤波器输出被第二（低）带通滤波器解调和滤波，其输出是包括涡流脱落频率的频率。
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公开(公告)号：US4398342A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-16
申请号：US350976
申请日：1982-02-22
CPC分类号： H01L43/14
摘要： A Hall effect device comprises a thin substrate free epitaxially grown semiconductor body mounted in a magnetically permeable, e.g. ferrite, housing. The layer, which is preferably gallium arsenide or gallium indium arsenide, is grown on a substrate which, after device processing is complete, is removed by a selective etching process. In view of the relatively high sensitivity and good noise characteristics such a device with its flux concentrator is small, since the flux concentrators are themselves much smaller than with conventional Hall effect systems. Other semiconductor materials from which the novel thin Hall effect devices can be made include silicon.
摘要翻译： 霍尔效应器件包括安装在磁性可渗透的例如半导体衬底中的无衬底的外延生长半导体衬底。 铁氧体，外壳。 优选地，砷化镓或砷化镓砷的层在基板上生长，在器件处理完成之后，通过选择性蚀刻工艺去除。 鉴于具有较高灵敏度和良好噪声特性的这种具有其通量集中器的装置很小，因为通量集中器本身比传统霍尔效应系统小得多。 可以制造新型薄霍尔效应器件的其他半导体材料包括硅。
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公开(公告)号：US4064893A
公开(公告)日：1977-12-27
申请号：US745059
申请日：1976-11-26
申请人： Gillies D. Pitt
发明人： Gillies D. Pitt
CPC分类号： G01N33/1833 , Y10T137/2574
摘要： A protection system for directing high oil content water ballast discharge to a slop tank and for controlling the rate of discharge of low oil content water ballast.
摘要翻译： 一种用于将高含油量的镇流器排放到污水舱并控制低含油量的镇流器排放速率的保护系统。
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公开(公告)号：US4045668A
公开(公告)日：1977-08-30
申请号：US716338
申请日：1976-08-20
申请人： Gillies D. Pitt , Philip W. Black
发明人： Gillies D. Pitt , Philip W. Black
CPC分类号： G01N21/431 , G01F1/74 , G01N2021/154 , Y10S250/907
摘要： A device for measuring the proportion of a first liquid in a lower refractive index second liquid with which the first liquid is immiscible, such as oil in water. An unclad optical fiber, having an index of refraction between those of the two liquids but at least equal to and not more than ten percent greater than that of the first liquid. A light energy source and detector are connected by the immersed fiber and the light energy transmission measured to determine liquid proportions.
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