Abstract:
A process for producing a catalyst, comprising the steps of modifying a carrier by a first impregnation with at least one alkaline earth metal in a first metal precursor solution, the first metal precursor being decomposed to form at least one metal oxide or metal hydroxide, thereby obtaining a modified carrier. A second impregnation is carried out by incipient wetness by a second precursor solution comprising at least one metal Me in a second solution. Finally, the second precursor is decomposed, thereby obtaining a catalyst body having an enrichment of the at least one metal Me in the outer shell of the catalyst body, the metal being present in a concentration having either as an egg-shell profile or a hammock profile.
Abstract:
Process for the conversion of oxygenates to C5+ hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline boiling range, comprising the steps of continuously a) providing one or more feed streams of one or more oxygenate compounds; b) heating the one or more feed streams to an inlet temperature of one or more downstream conversion reactors; c) introducing the one or more heated feed stream into inlet of the one or more conversion reactors; d) converting in the one or more conversion reactors the one or more heated feed stream in presence of catalyst to a converted oxygenate product comprising C5+ hydrocarbons; e) withdrawing from the one or more conversion reactors the converted oxygenate product; f) determining at outlet of the one or more conversion reactors amount of the one or more unconverted oxygenate compounds in the withdrawn converted oxygenate product; g) separating the converted oxygenate product into a C4− hydrocarbon fraction, a fraction with the C5+ hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline boiling range and a fraction comprising water and the one or more unconverted oxygenate compounds, wherein the inlet temperature of the one or more feed streams in step b is continuously adjusted to maintain a constant amount of the one or more unconverted oxygenate compounds as determined in step f.
Abstract:
A method in which flue gas or exhaust gas containing harmful carbon monoxide, organic compounds (VOC) and NOx is contacted with a layered catalyst. A first layer of the catalyst comprises an oxidation catalyst. An underlying layer of the catalyst comprises a NH3-SCR catalyst for the simultaneous removal of the carbon monoxide and NOx.
Abstract:
Process for the preparation of dimethyl ether product by catalytic conversion of synthesis gas to dimethyl ether comprising the steps of contacting a stream of synthesis gas comprising carbon dioxide in a dimethyl ether synthesis step in one or more reactors and with one or more catalysts active in the formation of methanol and dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether and forming a product mixture comprising dimethyl ether, carbon dioxide and unconverted synthesis gas; cooling and separating the product mixture into a first liquid phase comprising dimethyl ether and carbon dioxide being dissolved in the formed dimethyl ether, and into a first gaseous phase comprising unconverted synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; passing the first liquid phase to a scrubbing zone and contacting the phase with a liquid sorbent being effective in absorption of carbon dioxide; and withdrawing a dimethyl ether product being depleted in carbon dioxide from the scrubbing zone.
Abstract:
A method for cleaning a sulphur dioxide containing off-gas by selective oxidation of carbon monoxide and volatile organic compounds in the off-gas with reduced formation of sulphur trioxide comprising the step of contacting the off-gas with an oxidation catalyst consisting of palladium and vanadium oxide supported on a carrier.
Abstract:
A method for cleaning a sulphur dioxide containing off-gas by selective oxidation of carbon monoxide and volatile organic compounds in the off-gas with reduced formation of sulphur trioxide comprising the step of contacting the off-gas with an oxidation catalyst consisting of palladium and vanadium oxide supported on a carrier.
Abstract:
A burner with a central oxidizer supply tube and an outer concentric fuel supply tube has a recycle gas duct arranged between the central oxidizer supply tube and the outer concentric fuel supply tube.
Abstract:
Catalysed filter consisting of a filter body of bio-soluble fibres catalysed with a catalyst comprising oxides of vanadium and titanium, wherein the total concentration of alkali metals in the filter body is less than 3000 ppm by weight and/or the total concentration of earth alkali metals in the filter body is less than 20% by weight.
Abstract:
A process for production of ammonium thiosulphate (ATS) from H2S, NH3 and SO2, comprising producing ATS in a first absorption step by treating a first stream comprising H2S and NH3 with more than 0.3 mole H2S per mole NH3 with a solution containing ATS and ammonium sulphite, said solution being produced, in a second absorption step, by treating part of the solution from the first absorption step with a second gas stream gas stream comprising SO2. The second gas stream is obtained by combusting the H2S-containing off gas from the first absorption step supplemented with H2S-containing gas imported from other sources and/or by importing SO2-containing off gas streams from other souses. The content of NH3 in the off gas from the second absorber may be decreased by adding the equivalent amount of SO2 to the off gas upstream of an aerosol filter removing the NH3 and SO2 as a solution of NH4HSO3, which is fed to the first or second absorber, while the off gas from the filter is passed to the atmosphere.
Abstract:
Process for the preparation of a vanadium phosphate catalyst comprising treatment of a vanadium compound with formic acid, water and a phosphorus compound.