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公开(公告)号：US3974320A
公开(公告)日：1976-08-10
申请号：US385664
申请日：1973-08-06
CPC分类号： D06N3/145 , D06N3/0061 , Y10S428/904 , Y10T428/31554 , Y10T442/2033 , Y10T442/2148
摘要： A synthetic leather consisting essentially of three adherent microporous polyurethane layers, including a first base layer of a polyurethane impregnated fibrous fleece or web, a second or intermediate polyurethane layer containing 3-30% by weight of very finely divided insoluble solid particles with an individual volume is less than 2.times.10.sup..sup.-2 mm..sup.3 and with a maximum length generally below about 0.3 mm., preferably less than 0.1 mm., and a third or cover polyurethane layer which can be finished in a conventional manner. The product is especially distinguished by a smooth and uniform surface resistant to the "orange peel" effect. The method is distinguished by the application of the intermediate layer before the base layer is completely coagulated or solidified in the formation of the microporous structure.
摘要翻译： 基本上由三个粘附的微孔聚氨酯层组成的合成皮革，包括聚氨酯浸渍的纤维绒或网的第一基层，含有3-30重量％非常细碎的不溶性固体颗粒的第二或中间聚氨酯层， 小于2×10 -2mm 3，最大长度通常低于约0.3mm，优选小于0.1mm，以及可以以常规方式完成的第三或聚氨酯层。 该产品特别区分为抗“橙皮”效果的光滑均匀的表面。 该方法的特征在于在形成微孔结构之前基础层完全凝固或固化之前中间层的应用。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6159601A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-12
申请号：US241374
申请日：1999-02-02
CPC分类号： D01F2/00 , Y10T428/2913 , Y10T428/2965
摘要： Cellulosic fibers made from a solution of cellulose in a tertiary amine oxide and optionally water and which have a low tendency to fibrillate are produced by coagulating the fibers in at least two stages. The residence time of the fibers in the first coagulation stage is adjusted so that on leaving the first coagulation stage only the adhesiveness of the surface of the solution formed into fibers has been counteracted. In subsequent coagulation stages, the fibers are kept in a slack state. On leaving the final coagulation stage, the fibers have been thoroughly coagulated. The cellulosic fibers have a new structure and apart from a very low tendency to fibrillate, they possess a high dyeing level.
摘要翻译： 通过纤维素在叔胺氧化物和任选的水中的溶液制成的并且具有低原纤维倾向的纤维素纤维通过至少两个阶段凝结纤维来制备。 调节纤维在第一凝固阶段的停留时间，使得在离开第一凝固阶段时，仅形成纤维的溶液的表面的粘合性已被抵消。 在随后的凝固阶段，纤维保持松弛状态。 离开最后的凝固阶段，纤维已经被彻底凝固。 纤维素纤维具有新的结构，除了非常低的原纤维倾向之外，它们具有高的染色水平。
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公开(公告)号：US4612688A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-23
申请号：US714408
申请日：1985-03-21
IPC分类号： D06N3/14 , D04H1/4334 , D04H1/435 , D04H1/482 , D04H1/50 , D04H1/587 , D04H1/645 , D04H1/74 , D06M15/568 , D06M101/00 , D06M101/16 , D06M101/30 , D06M101/32 , D06M101/34 , D04H1/46
CPC分类号： D04H1/50 , D04H1/4334 , D04H1/435 , D04H1/482 , D04H1/587 , D04H1/645 , D04H1/74 , Y10T428/2395 , Y10T428/23986 , Y10T428/24998 , Y10T428/2924 , Y10T428/2931 , Y10T428/2973 , Y10T442/2893 , Y10T442/633
摘要： Staple fibers made from crimped, in particular compression crimped, multicomponent filaments of the matrix/segment type, the cross section of which shows, in addition to the matrix, at least 6 peripheral wedge-shaped or lenticular segments, not completely covered by the matrix, are processed into a web, which is then mechanically bonded, preferably by needling. Subsequently, the fabric is subjected to a shrinkage process, by which its density is increased by more than 30%, themulticomponent fibers being completely or partly split up into their components. The difference in shrinkage between the components should be at least 10%. The liquids used for the shrinkage treatment are in particular organic liquids, such as methylene chloride, as well as other liquids producing a difference in shrinkage of at least 20%. The fabric is then impregnated with a solution of polyurethane on the basis of polyglycols, specifically polytetramethylene glycol, diisocyanates and low-molecular glycols as chain lengtheners, the jelling temperature of the solution being higher than the roomtemperature and higher than the temperature of the coagulation bath; the polyurethane is coagulated by cooling and/or treatment with a coagulation bath containing a non-solvent for polyurethane; then the fabric is washed, dried and ground on one or both sides. The suede-like product obtained combines great suppleness with high strength. It is an excellent material for making garments, such as coats, jackets or skirts, offering high wear comfort as well as high breathability.
摘要翻译： 由矩形/片段类型的卷曲，特别是压缩卷曲的多组分长丝制成的短纤维，其横截面除了基质之外还显示至少6个周边楔形或透镜片段，未被基质完全覆盖 ，被加工成纤维网，然后机械粘合，优选通过针刺。 随后，织物经受收缩过程，其密度增加30％以上，多组分纤维完全或部分分解成其组分。 组件之间的收缩差异应至少为10％。 用于收缩处理的液体特别是有机液体，例如二氯甲烷，以及产生至少20％的收缩差异的其它液体。 然后将织物浸渍在基于聚二醇（特别是聚四亚甲基二醇，二异氰酸酯和低分子量二醇）作为链加长剂的聚氨酯溶液中，溶液的凝胶化温度高于室温并高于凝固浴的温度 ; 聚氨酯通过冷却和/或用包含聚氨酯的非溶剂的凝固浴处理而凝结; 然后将织物洗涤，干燥并在一侧或两侧研磨。 获得的麂皮绒产品结合了很大的柔韧性和高强度。 它是制作服装，如大衣，夹克或裙子，提供高穿着舒适性和高透气性的优良材料。
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公开(公告)号：US5958320A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-28
申请号：US4100
申请日：1998-01-07
CPC分类号： D01F2/00 , Y10T428/2913 , Y10T428/2965
摘要： Cellulosic fibers made from a solution of cellulose in a tertiary amine oxide and optionally water and which have a low tendency to fibrillate are produced by coagulating the fibers in at least two stages. The residence time of the fibers in the first coagulation stage is adjusted so that on leaving the first coagulation stage only the adhesiveness of the surface of the solution formed into fibers has been counteracted. In subsequent coagulation stages, the fibers are kept in a slack state. On leaving the final coagulation stage, the fibers have been thoroughly coagulated. The cellulosic fibers have a new structure and apart from a very low tendency to fibrillate, they possess a high dyeing level.
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公开(公告)号：US4686044A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-11
申请号：US807766
申请日：1985-12-09
IPC分类号： C08G63/00 , A61M1/16 , B01D39/16 , B01D71/50 , B01D71/52 , B01D71/80 , C08G63/60 , C08G64/00 , C08G64/18 , C08G64/42 , C08J5/18 , C08L69/00 , B01D39/00 , D02G3/00
CPC分类号： B01D71/80 , B01D63/02 , B01D69/02 , C08G64/183 , B01D71/50 , B01D71/52 , Y10T428/2975
摘要： A method is provided for producing a membrane from polycarbonate-polyether-blockcopolymers with about 5 to 35 weight percent of repeating alkyleneethercarbonate units and about 95 to 65 weight percent of repeating bisphenol A-carbonate units, wherein the polyethyleneoxide blocks have a molecular weight from about 1,000 to 20,000, wherein the intrinsic viscosity of the copolymer is from about 180 to 300 ml/g as measured in chloroform at 25.degree. C. and wherein the ultrafiltration rate is from about 4 to 200 ml/h.m.sup.2.mm Hg. In a first dissolving step a polycarbonate-polyether-copolymer is homogeneously mixed with a solvent at a temperature from about 80.degree. to 120.degree. C. and in a second dissolving step the temperature is brought to about 140.degree. to 180.degree. C. to produce a true solution. The filtered solution is cooled to from about 20.degree. to 50.degree. C. and is then extruded through a nozzle into a bath comprising a nonsolvent for the polymer for precipitating the polymer. The precipitated polymer is then washed and dried. The resulting membranes improve the processes of hemodialyzing and of homofiltration.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种从聚碳酸酯 - 聚醚 - 嵌段共聚物制备膜的方法，其中约5至35重量％的重复亚烷基醚碳酸酯单元和约95至65重量％的重复双酚A-碳酸酯单元，其中聚环氧乙烷嵌段的分子量约为 1,000至20,000，其中在25℃下在氯仿中测量的共聚物的特性粘度为约180至300ml / g，并且其中超滤速率为约4至200ml / h.m2.mmHg。 在第一溶解步骤中，聚碳酸酯 - 聚醚共聚物在约80-120℃的温度下与溶剂均匀混合，在第二溶解步骤中，将温度升至约140℃至180℃，以产生 一个真正的解决方案。 将过滤的溶液冷却至约20℃至50℃，然后通过喷嘴挤出至包含用于沉淀聚合物的聚合物的非溶剂的浴中。 然后将沉淀的聚合物洗涤并干燥。 所得的膜改善了血液透析和均质过程的过程。
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公开(公告)号：US4342801A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-03
申请号：US217067
申请日：1980-12-16
IPC分类号： D06N3/14 , D04H1/4334 , D04H1/435 , D04H1/482 , D04H1/50 , D04H1/587 , D04H1/645 , D04H1/74 , D06M15/568 , D06M101/00 , D06M101/16 , D06M101/30 , D06M101/32 , D06M101/34 , D02G3/00
CPC分类号： D04H1/50 , D04H1/4334 , D04H1/435 , D04H1/482 , D04H1/587 , D04H1/645 , D04H1/74 , Y10T428/2395 , Y10T428/23986 , Y10T428/24998 , Y10T428/2924 , Y10T428/2931 , Y10T428/2973 , Y10T442/2893 , Y10T442/633
摘要： Staple fibers made from crimped, in particular compression crimped, multicomponent filaments of the matrix/segment type, the cross section of which shows, in addition to the matrix, at least 6 peripheral wedge-shaped or lenticular segments, not completely covered by the matrix, are processed into a web, which is then mechanically bonded, preferably by needling. Subsequently, the fabric is subjected to a shrinkage process, by which its density is increased by more than 30%, the multicomponent fibers being completely or partly split up into their components. The difference in shrinkage between the components should be at least 10%. The liquids used for the shrinkage treatment are in particular organic liquids, such as methylene chloride, as well as other liquids producing a difference in shrinkage of at least 20%. The fabric is then impregnated with a solution of polyurethane on the basis of polyglycols, specifically polytetramethylene glycol, diisocyanates and low-moleclar glycols as chain lengtheners, the jelling temperature of the solution being higher than the room temperature and higher than the temperature of the coagulation bath; the polyurethane is coagulated by cooling and/or treatment with a coagulation bath containing a non-solvent for polyurethane; then the fabric is washed, dried and ground on one or both sides. The suede-like product obtained combines great suppleness with high strength. It is an excellent material for making garments, such as coats, jackets or skirts, offering high wear comfort as well as high breathability.
摘要翻译： 由矩形/片段类型的卷曲，特别是压缩卷曲的多组分长丝制成的短纤维，其横截面除了基质之外还显示至少6个周边楔形或透镜片段，未被基质完全覆盖 ，被加工成纤维网，然后机械粘合，优选通过针刺。 随后，织物经受收缩过程，其密度增加30％以上，多组分纤维完全或部分分解成其组分。 组件之间的收缩差异应至少为10％。 用于收缩处理的液体特别是有机液体，例如二氯甲烷，以及产生至少20％的收缩差异的其它液体。 然后将织物浸渍在基于聚二醇，特别是聚四亚甲基二醇，二异氰酸酯和低摩尔二醇作为链加长剂的聚氨酯溶液中，溶液的熔融温度高于室温并高于凝固温度 浴; 聚氨酯通过冷却和/或用包含聚氨酯的非溶剂的凝固浴处理而凝结; 然后将织物洗涤，干燥并在一侧或两侧研磨。 获得的麂皮绒产品结合了很大的柔韧性和高强度。 它是制作服装，如大衣，夹克或裙子，提供高穿着舒适性和高透气性的优良材料。
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