公开(公告)号：US4612688A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-23

申请号：US714408

申请日：1985-03-21

申请人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Nikolaus Mathes ,  Hans-Jurgen Pitowski ,  Friedbert Wechs

发明人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Nikolaus Mathes ,  Hans-Jurgen Pitowski ,  Friedbert Wechs

IPC分类号： D06N3/14 ,  D04H1/4334 ,  D04H1/435 ,  D04H1/482 ,  D04H1/50 ,  D04H1/587 ,  D04H1/645 ,  D04H1/74 ,  D06M15/568 ,  D06M101/00 ,  D06M101/16 ,  D06M101/30 ,  D06M101/32 ,  D06M101/34 ,  D04H1/46

CPC分类号： D04H1/50 ,  D04H1/4334 ,  D04H1/435 ,  D04H1/482 ,  D04H1/587 ,  D04H1/645 ,  D04H1/74 ,  Y10T428/2395 ,  Y10T428/23986 ,  Y10T428/24998 ,  Y10T428/2924 ,  Y10T428/2931 ,  Y10T428/2973 ,  Y10T442/2893 ,  Y10T442/633

摘要： Staple fibers made from crimped, in particular compression crimped, multicomponent filaments of the matrix/segment type, the cross section of which shows, in addition to the matrix, at least 6 peripheral wedge-shaped or lenticular segments, not completely covered by the matrix, are processed into a web, which is then mechanically bonded, preferably by needling. Subsequently, the fabric is subjected to a shrinkage process, by which its density is increased by more than 30%, themulticomponent fibers being completely or partly split up into their components. The difference in shrinkage between the components should be at least 10%. The liquids used for the shrinkage treatment are in particular organic liquids, such as methylene chloride, as well as other liquids producing a difference in shrinkage of at least 20%. The fabric is then impregnated with a solution of polyurethane on the basis of polyglycols, specifically polytetramethylene glycol, diisocyanates and low-molecular glycols as chain lengtheners, the jelling temperature of the solution being higher than the roomtemperature and higher than the temperature of the coagulation bath; the polyurethane is coagulated by cooling and/or treatment with a coagulation bath containing a non-solvent for polyurethane; then the fabric is washed, dried and ground on one or both sides. The suede-like product obtained combines great suppleness with high strength. It is an excellent material for making garments, such as coats, jackets or skirts, offering high wear comfort as well as high breathability.

摘要翻译： 由矩形/片段类型的卷曲，特别是压缩卷曲的多组分长丝制成的短纤维，其横截面除了基质之外还显示至少6个周边楔形或透镜片段，未被基质完全覆盖 ，被加工成纤维网，然后机械粘合，优选通过针刺。 随后，织物经受收缩过程，其密度增加30％以上，多组分纤维完全或部分分解成其组分。 组件之间的收缩差异应至少为10％。 用于收缩处理的液体特别是有机液体，例如二氯甲烷，以及产生至少20％的收缩差异的其它液体。 然后将织物浸渍在基于聚二醇（特别是聚四亚甲基二醇，二异氰酸酯和低分子量二醇）作为链加长剂的聚氨酯溶液中，溶液的凝胶化温度高于室温并高于凝固浴的温度 ; 聚氨酯通过冷却和/或用包含聚氨酯的非溶剂的凝固浴处理而凝结; 然后将织物洗涤，干燥并在一侧或两侧研磨。 获得的麂皮绒产品结合了很大的柔韧性和高强度。 它是制作服装，如大衣，夹克或裙子，提供高穿着舒适性和高透气性的优良材料。

公开(公告)号：US4342801A

公开(公告)日：1982-08-03

申请号：US217067

申请日：1980-12-16

申请人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Nikolaus Mathes ,  Hans-Jurgen Pitowski ,  Friedbert Wechs

发明人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Nikolaus Mathes ,  Hans-Jurgen Pitowski ,  Friedbert Wechs

IPC分类号： D06N3/14 ,  D04H1/4334 ,  D04H1/435 ,  D04H1/482 ,  D04H1/50 ,  D04H1/587 ,  D04H1/645 ,  D04H1/74 ,  D06M15/568 ,  D06M101/00 ,  D06M101/16 ,  D06M101/30 ,  D06M101/32 ,  D06M101/34 ,  D02G3/00

CPC分类号： D04H1/50 ,  D04H1/4334 ,  D04H1/435 ,  D04H1/482 ,  D04H1/587 ,  D04H1/645 ,  D04H1/74 ,  Y10T428/2395 ,  Y10T428/23986 ,  Y10T428/24998 ,  Y10T428/2924 ,  Y10T428/2931 ,  Y10T428/2973 ,  Y10T442/2893 ,  Y10T442/633

摘要： Staple fibers made from crimped, in particular compression crimped, multicomponent filaments of the matrix/segment type, the cross section of which shows, in addition to the matrix, at least 6 peripheral wedge-shaped or lenticular segments, not completely covered by the matrix, are processed into a web, which is then mechanically bonded, preferably by needling. Subsequently, the fabric is subjected to a shrinkage process, by which its density is increased by more than 30%, the multicomponent fibers being completely or partly split up into their components. The difference in shrinkage between the components should be at least 10%. The liquids used for the shrinkage treatment are in particular organic liquids, such as methylene chloride, as well as other liquids producing a difference in shrinkage of at least 20%. The fabric is then impregnated with a solution of polyurethane on the basis of polyglycols, specifically polytetramethylene glycol, diisocyanates and low-moleclar glycols as chain lengtheners, the jelling temperature of the solution being higher than the room temperature and higher than the temperature of the coagulation bath; the polyurethane is coagulated by cooling and/or treatment with a coagulation bath containing a non-solvent for polyurethane; then the fabric is washed, dried and ground on one or both sides. The suede-like product obtained combines great suppleness with high strength. It is an excellent material for making garments, such as coats, jackets or skirts, offering high wear comfort as well as high breathability.

摘要翻译： 由矩形/片段类型的卷曲，特别是压缩卷曲的多组分长丝制成的短纤维，其横截面除了基质之外还显示至少6个周边楔形或透镜片段，未被基质完全覆盖 ，被加工成纤维网，然后机械粘合，优选通过针刺。 随后，织物经受收缩过程，其密度增加30％以上，多组分纤维完全或部分分解成其组分。 组件之间的收缩差异应至少为10％。 用于收缩处理的液体特别是有机液体，例如二氯甲烷，以及产生至少20％的收缩差异的其它液体。 然后将织物浸渍在基于聚二醇，特别是聚四亚甲基二醇，二异氰酸酯和低摩尔二醇作为链加长剂的聚氨酯溶液中，溶液的熔融温度高于室温并高于凝固温度 浴; 聚氨酯通过冷却和/或用包含聚氨酯的非溶剂的凝固浴处理而凝结; 然后将织物洗涤，干燥并在一侧或两侧研磨。 获得的麂皮绒产品结合了很大的柔韧性和高强度。 它是制作服装，如大衣，夹克或裙子，提供高穿着舒适性和高透气性的优良材料。

公开(公告)号：US4239720A

公开(公告)日：1980-12-16

申请号：US16560

申请日：1979-03-01

申请人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Nikolaus Mathes ,  Friedbert Wechs

发明人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Nikolaus Mathes ,  Friedbert Wechs

IPC分类号： D01D5/00 ,  D01D5/28 ,  D01F8/04 ,  D02G3/00

CPC分类号： D01F8/04 ,  D01D5/28 ,  Y10T428/23943 ,  Y10T428/23993 ,  Y10T428/2931 ,  Y10T428/2973 ,  Y10T442/3146 ,  Y10T442/444 ,  Y10T442/608

摘要： Fibrillatable multicomponent fibers of the matrix segment type and a process for production of fiber structures by splitting shrinkable, basically unset, multi-component fibers consisting of at least two incompatible components which in the fiber cross section are arranged in the form of a matrix and several segments, the latter accounting for about 20% to 80% of the total cross section. After having been processed into fiber structures such as staple fibers, yarns or fabrics, the multicomponent fibers are treated with a liquid or gaseous organic solvent, particularly chlorinated lower alkanes, to partially or completely split the segment filaments from the matrix component. Useful solvents are those which will reduce the zero-shrinkage temperature of the matrix or the segment polymer by at least 160.degree. C. and in which the polymer components constituting the fiber show different shrinkage behaviour. Splitting may be further enhanced by the application of mechanical agitation, e.g. by ultrasonic waves. Fabrics made from the multicomponent fibers may be woven, knitted, non-woven, flocked and three-dimensional.

摘要翻译： 基质片段的可纤维化的多组分纤维以及由纤维横截面中至少两个不相容的组分组成的可收缩的，基本上未设定的多组分纤维来生产纤维结构的方法以矩阵形式排列成几个 段占总截面的20％〜80％左右。 在被加工成诸如短纤维，纱线或织物的纤维结构之后，多组分纤维用液体或气态有机溶剂，特别是氯化的低级烷烃处理，以将部分纤维从基质组分部分或完全分裂。 有用的溶剂是将基质或段聚合物的零收缩温度降低至少160℃的溶剂，其中构成纤维的聚合物组分显示出不同的收缩行为。 可以通过施加机械搅拌来进一步增强分裂。 通过超声波。 由多组分纤维制成的织物可以是编织，针织，无纺布，植绒和三维织物。

公开(公告)号：US4361609A

公开(公告)日：1982-11-30

申请号：US169541

申请日：1980-07-17

申请人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Nikolaus Mathes ,  Friedbert Wechs

发明人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Nikolaus Mathes ,  Friedbert Wechs

IPC分类号： D01D5/00 ,  D01D5/28 ,  D01F8/04 ,  B32B3/02 ,  B32B33/00 ,  D04B7/16

CPC分类号： D01F8/04 ,  D01D5/28 ,  Y10T428/23943 ,  Y10T428/23993 ,  Y10T428/2931 ,  Y10T428/2973 ,  Y10T442/3146 ,  Y10T442/444 ,  Y10T442/608

摘要： Fibrillatable multicomponent fibers of the matrix segment type and a process for production of fiber structures by splitting shrinkable, basically unset, multi-component fibers consisting of at least two incompatible components which in the fiber cross section are arranged in the form of a matrix and several segments, the latter accounting for about 20% to 80% of the total cross section. After having been processed into fiber structures such as staple fibers, yarns or fabrics, the multicomponent fibers are treated with a liquid or gaseous organic solvent, particularly chlorinated lower alkanes, to partially or completely split the segment filaments from the matrix component. Useful solvents are those which will reduce the zero-shrinkage temperature of the matrix or the segment polymer by at least 160.degree. C. and in which the polymer components constituting the fiber show different shrinkage behavior. Splitting may be further enhanced by the application of mechanical agitation, e.g. by ultrasonic waves. Fabrics made from the multicomponent fibers may be woven, knitted, non-woven, flocked and three-dimensional.

摘要翻译： 基质片段的可纤维化的多组分纤维以及由纤维横截面中至少两个不相容的组分组成的可收缩的，基本上未设定的多组分纤维来生产纤维结构的方法以矩阵形式排列成几个 段占总截面的20％〜80％左右。 在被加工成诸如短纤维，纱线或织物的纤维结构之后，多组分纤维用液体或气态有机溶剂，特别是氯化的低级烷烃处理，以将部分纤维从基质组分部分或完全分裂。 有用的溶剂是将基质或段聚合物的零收缩温度降低至少160℃的溶剂，其中构成纤维的聚合物组分显示出不同的收缩行为。 可以通过施加机械搅拌来进一步增强分裂。 通过超声波。 由多组分纤维制成的织物可以是编织，针织，非织造，植绒和三维织物。

公开(公告)号：US3974320A

公开(公告)日：1976-08-10

申请号：US385664

申请日：1973-08-06

申请人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Hans Jurgen Pitowski ,  Klaus Schneider

发明人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Hans Jurgen Pitowski ,  Klaus Schneider

IPC分类号： D06N3/00 ,  D06N3/14 ,  B05D1/38

CPC分类号： D06N3/145 ,  D06N3/0061 ,  Y10S428/904 ,  Y10T428/31554 ,  Y10T442/2033 ,  Y10T442/2148

摘要： A synthetic leather consisting essentially of three adherent microporous polyurethane layers, including a first base layer of a polyurethane impregnated fibrous fleece or web, a second or intermediate polyurethane layer containing 3-30% by weight of very finely divided insoluble solid particles with an individual volume is less than 2.times.10.sup..sup.-2 mm..sup.3 and with a maximum length generally below about 0.3 mm., preferably less than 0.1 mm., and a third or cover polyurethane layer which can be finished in a conventional manner. The product is especially distinguished by a smooth and uniform surface resistant to the "orange peel" effect. The method is distinguished by the application of the intermediate layer before the base layer is completely coagulated or solidified in the formation of the microporous structure.

摘要翻译： 基本上由三个粘附的微孔聚氨酯层组成的合成皮革，包括聚氨酯浸渍的纤维绒或网的第一基层，含有3-30重量％非常细碎的不溶性固体颗粒的第二或中间聚氨酯层， 小于2×10 -2mm 3，最大长度通常低于约0.3mm，优选小于0.1mm，以及可以以常规方式完成的第三或聚氨酯层。 该产品特别区分为抗“橙皮”效果的光滑均匀的表面。 该方法的特征在于在形成微孔结构之前基础层完全凝固或固化之前中间层的应用。

公开(公告)号：US4371485A

公开(公告)日：1983-02-01

申请号：US215583

申请日：1980-12-11

申请人： Nikolaus Mathes ,  Wolfgang Lange ,  Klaus Gerlach

发明人： Nikolaus Mathes ,  Wolfgang Lange ,  Klaus Gerlach

IPC分类号： C07F5/06 ,  C08K5/098 ,  D01F6/62 ,  D01F6/92 ,  D01F8/14 ,  B29D7/00

CPC分类号： D01F8/14 ,  C07F5/069 ,  C08K5/09 ,  C08K5/098 ,  D01F6/92 ,  Y10T428/2929 ,  Y10T428/2935 ,  Y10T428/2975

摘要： A new and useful hydrophilic polyester fiber and process of making same are disclosed; the fiber has a stable pore system exhibiting a moisture pickup (regain) of at least about 2 percent by weight at 40.degree. C. and a relative humidity of 92%. Our experiments indicate that the proportion of moisture regain is attributable to capillary condensation in an amount of at least 25%. The hydrophilic properties are the result of a certain pore system within the fiber which enables capilliary condensation to occur significantly. The invention describes one way to accomplish this, namely by the addition of a predetermined amount of a suitable oxalato-complex to a suitable polyester mass. Most preferably, about 10% by weight K.sub.3 Al(C.sub.2 O.sub.4).sub.3 is added to the polyester mass. The fibers are produced by extruding a suitable polyester mass containing 1 to 20 percent by weight of a suitable oxalato complex to form a filament, drawing the filament, and hydrosetting the drawn filament at a suitable temperature, generally between about 90.degree. C. and about 170.degree. C., preferably between about 120.degree. C. and about 140.degree. C., under pressure, and in the presence of liquid water.The hydrophilic polyester produced by the novel process has the favorable moisture regain and many of the favorable texture qualities of cotton, together with the quick drying qualities of conventional polyester fiber.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种新的和有用的亲水性聚酯纤维及其制备方法; 纤维具有稳定的孔体系，其在40℃和92％的相对湿度下表现出至少约2重量％的水分吸收（重吸收）。 我们的实验表明，回潮率的比例归因于至少25％的毛细管冷凝。 亲水性质是纤维内一定孔隙系统的结果，使得毛细管冷凝发生显着。 本发明描述了一种实现这一点的方法，即通过向合适的聚酯物质中加入预定量的合适的草酸 - 络合物。 最优选地，将约10重量％的K 3 Al（C 2 O 4）3加入到聚酯物质中。 纤维通过挤出合适的聚酯物质制备，所述聚酯物质含有1至20重量％的合适的草酸盐络合物以形成长丝，拉伸长丝，并将拉伸长丝水解成合适的温度，通常在约90℃至约 170℃，优选约120℃至约140℃，在压力下，在液态水的存在下。 通过新工艺生产的亲水聚酯具有良好的回潮率和许多棉质质感，以及常规聚酯纤维的快干性能。

公开(公告)号：US4307152A

公开(公告)日：1981-12-22

申请号：US68880

申请日：1979-08-22

申请人： Nikolaus Mathes ,  Wolfgang Lange ,  Klaus Gerlach

发明人： Nikolaus Mathes ,  Wolfgang Lange ,  Klaus Gerlach

IPC分类号： C07F5/06 ,  C08K5/098 ,  D01F6/62 ,  D01F6/92 ,  D01F8/14 ,  D02G3/00

CPC分类号： D01F8/14 ,  C07F5/069 ,  C08K5/09 ,  C08K5/098 ,  D01F6/92 ,  Y10T428/2929 ,  Y10T428/2935 ,  Y10T428/2975

摘要： A new and useful hydrophilic polyester fiber and process of making same are disclosed; the fiber has a stable pore system exhibiting a moisture pickup (regain) of at least about 2 percent by weight at 40.degree. C. and a relative humidity of 92%. Our experiments indicate that the proportion of moisture regain is attributable to capillary condensation in an amount of at least 25%. The hydrophilic properties are the result of a certain pore system within the fiber which enables capilliary condensation to occur significantly. The invention describes one way to accomplish this, namely by the addition of a predetermined amount of a suitable oxalato-complex to a suitable polyester mass. Most preferably, about 10% by weight K.sub.3 Al(C.sub.2 O.sub.4).sub.3 is added to the polyester mass. The fibers are produced by extruding a suitable polyester mass containing 1 to 20 percent by weight of a suitable oxalato complex to form a filament, drawing the filament, and hydrosetting the drawn filament at a suitable temperature, generally between about 90.degree. C. and about 170.degree. C., preferably between about 120.degree. C. and about 140.degree. C., under pressure, and in the presence of liquid water.The hydrophilic polyester produced by the novel process has the favorable moisture regain and many of the favorable texture qualities of cotton, together with the quick drying qualities of conventional polyester fiber.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种新的和有用的亲水性聚酯纤维及其制备方法; 纤维具有稳定的孔体系，其在40℃和92％的相对湿度下表现出至少约2重量％的水分吸收（重吸收）。 我们的实验表明，回潮率的比例归因于至少25％的毛细管冷凝。 亲水性质是纤维内一定孔隙系统的结果，使得毛细管冷凝发生显着。 本发明描述了一种实现这一点的方法，即通过向合适的聚酯物质中加入预定量的合适的草酸 - 络合物。 最优选地，将约10重量％的K 3 Al（C 2 O 4）3加入到聚酯物质中。 纤维通过挤出合适的聚酯物质制备，所述聚酯物质含有1至20重量％的合适的草酸盐络合物以形成长丝，拉伸长丝，并将拉伸长丝水解成合适的温度，通常在约90℃至约 170℃，优选约120℃至约140℃，在压力下，在液态水的存在下。 通过新工艺生产的亲水聚酯具有良好的回潮率和许多棉质质感，以及常规聚酯纤维的快干性能。

公开(公告)号：US4332686A

公开(公告)日：1982-06-01

申请号：US145767

申请日：1980-04-30

申请人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Joachim Behnke ,  Wolfgang Rosener ,  Ewald Hohm

发明人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Joachim Behnke ,  Wolfgang Rosener ,  Ewald Hohm

IPC分类号： C02F1/44 ,  B01D17/00 ,  B01D71/54 ,  B01D71/80 ,  C08G18/00 ,  C08G18/48 ,  C08G18/66 ,  C08G18/76 ,  C08J5/18 ,  C10M175/00 ,  B01D13/00 ,  B01D39/16

CPC分类号： B01D17/085 ,  B01D71/54 ,  C08G18/4833 ,  C08G18/6674 ,  C08G18/7671

摘要： An ultrafiltration membrane comprised of a linear polyurethane having a hydraulic permeability for water of about 50 to 500 1/m.sup.2 .multidot. h and a separation factor .alpha. of about 2.times.10.sup.-3 to 1.times.10.sup.-4, the permeability being based on determination with a membrane of a thickness of about 0.02 mm, a pressure differential of 1 bar and a temperature of 20.degree. C. and the separation factor .alpha. being established with a 2% oil-water emulsion at 25.degree. C. The membrane is particularly suited for operation of oil-water mixtures or emulsions.

摘要翻译： 一种超滤膜，其由具有约50至500l / m 2 xh的水的水溶性渗透性和约2×10-3至1×10-4的分离因子α的线性聚氨酯组成，所述渗透性基于用厚度的膜测定 约0.02mm，压差为1巴，温度为20℃，分离因子α用25％的2％油水乳液建立。该膜特别适合于操作油水 混合物或乳液。

公开(公告)号：US3988310A

公开(公告)日：1976-10-26

申请号：US850634

申请日：1969-08-15

申请人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Horst Jager ,  Georg Dehmel

发明人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Horst Jager ,  Georg Dehmel

IPC分类号： C09B62/008 ,  C09B62/08 ,  C09B62/16 ,  C09B62/24 ,  C09B62/50

CPC分类号： C09B62/0088

摘要： The invention relates to valuable new reactive dyestuffs of the general formula ##SPC1##In which A stands for hydrogen, a methyl, phenyl, lower carbalkoxy, optionally substituted carboxamide or a carboxy group; B denotes a carboxy, lower carbalkoxy, optionally substituted carboxamide or nitrile group; Z means a hydroxy or amino group; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 stand for identical or different radicals such as hydrogen or methyl; D denotes the radical of a diazo component containing a reactive group; and n means the number 0 or 1; which are suitable for the dyeing and printing of materials containing hydroxyl or amide groups and for dyeing natural or regenerated cellulose fast to washing.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通式为+ q，10的有价值的新的活性染料，其中A代表氢，甲基，苯基，低级烷酰氧基，任选取代的羧酰胺或羧基; B表示羧基，低级烷酰氧基，任选取代的羧酰胺或腈基; Z表示羟基或氨基; R1和R2代表相同或不同的基团，如氢或甲基; D表示含有反应性基团的重氮组分的基团; n表示数字0或1; 适用于含有羟基或酰胺基的材料的染色和印花，以及快速洗涤天然或再生纤维素的染色。

公开(公告)号：US07395896B2

公开(公告)日：2008-07-08

申请号：US11155055

申请日：2005-06-17

申请人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Olaf Stindl ,  Heiko Jürgens

发明人： Klaus Gerlach ,  Olaf Stindl ,  Heiko Jürgens

IPC分类号： B60K28/10

CPC分类号： B60R19/32 ,  B60R21/0136

摘要： It is important to recognize the severity of an accident more accurately and reliably. To do so, the present invention consists of installing a compression element (25) that can be compressed reversibly into an impact absorption device (2) in order to dampen the impact on a vehicle component. A pressure sensor is integrated in this compression element (25) which detects the pressure during compression of the compression element (25). From the pressure signal, data such as the collision speed can be determined and a safety device such as an airbag can be triggered. By doing so, expensive early crash sensors and similar devices become unnecessary, while the severity of an accident can be reliably determined.

摘要翻译： 重要的是要更准确，可靠地识别事故的严重程度。 为了这样做，本发明包括安装可逆地压缩到冲击吸收装置（2）中的压缩元件（25），以便抑制对车辆部件的冲击。 压力传感器集成在该压缩元件（25）中，该压缩元件（25）检测压缩元件（25）的压缩期间的压力。 从压力信号可以确定诸如碰撞速度的数据，并且可以触发安全气囊等安全装置。 通过这样做，昂贵的早期碰撞传感器和类似装置变得不必要，同时可以可靠地确定事故的严重程度。