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1.发明授权Integrated circuit with phase-change memory cells and method for addressing phase-change memory cells 有权具有相变存储单元的集成电路和用于寻址相变存储器单元的方法公开(公告)号：US07911822B2
公开(公告)日：2011-03-22
申请号：US11577708
申请日：2005-10-17
CPC分类号： G11C13/0004
摘要： The present invention relates to an integrated circuit comprising a plurality of bitlines (b1) and a plurality of word-lines (w1) as well as a plurality of memory-cells (MC) coupled between a separate bit-line/word-line pair of the plurality of bit-lines (b1) and wordlines (w1) for storing data in the memory cell. Each memory cell (MC) comprises a selecting unit (T) and a programmable resistance (R). The value of the phase-change resistance (R) is greater than the value of a first phase-change resistance (Ropt) defined by a supply voltage (Vdd) divided by a maximum drive current (Im) through said first phase-change resistor (Ropt).
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种集成电路，其包括多个位线（b1）和多个字线（w1）以及耦合在单独的位线/字线对之间的多个存储单元（MC） 用于将数据存储在存储单元中的多个位线（b1）和字线（w1）。 每个存储单元（MC）包括选择单元（T）和可编程电阻（R）。 相位变化电阻（R）的值大于由电源电压（Vdd）除以通过所述第一相变电阻器的最大驱动电流（Im）所限定的第一相变电阻（Ropt）的值 （Ropt）。
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公开(公告)号：US07671832B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-02
申请号：US11456527
申请日：2006-07-10
IPC分类号： G09G3/36
CPC分类号： G02F1/133603 , G02F1/133609 , G02F2001/133613
摘要： Various techniques are described for improving the color uniformity across a backlight for backlighting an LCD. In one embodiment, the backlight uses rows of red, green, and blue LEDs in a mixing chamber. The LEDs are arranged in clusters, such as GRBG or GBRG, each cluster having an associated white point. In order to achieve color uniformity along the left and right edges of the backlight, the LEDs in those edge clusters are specially selected to compensate for the color imbalance in the white point relative to the dimensions of the cluster. For example, a non-compensated cluster of GRBG along the left edge will produce a reddish tint along the left edge since the red peak intensity is to the left of the center of the cluster. To offset this reddish tint along the left side, the cluster's overall white point is blue-cyan shifted. As a result, the left edge of the backlight has the same white point as near the middle of the backlight, where the white point imbalance of a single cluster is offset by the white point imbalance of the surrounding clusters. Similarly, a GBRG cluster along the left edge will have its white point red-yellow shifted.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于改善用于背光LCD的背光的颜色均匀性的各种技术。 在一个实施例中，背光在混合室中使用红色，绿色和蓝色LED行。 LED以簇布置，例如GRBG或GBRG，每个簇具有相关联的白点。 为了实现背光源的左右边缘的颜色均匀性，这些边缘簇中的LED被特别选择以补偿白点相对于簇的尺寸的颜色不平衡。 例如，沿着左边缘的GRBG的未补偿簇将沿着左边缘产生红色的色调，因为红色峰值强度在簇的中心的左侧。 为了抵消左侧的淡红色，集群的整体白点是蓝 - 青移动。 结果，背光源的左边缘具有与靠近背光中间相同的白点，其中单个簇的白点不平衡被周围簇的白点不平衡所抵消。 类似地，沿着左边缘的GBRG簇将其白点偏移为黄色。
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3.发明授权Integrated circuit with memory cells comprising a programmable resistor and method for addressing memory cells comprising a programmable resistor 有权具有存储单元的集成电路包括可编程电阻器和用于寻址包括可编程电阻器的存储器单元的方法公开(公告)号：US08335103B2
公开(公告)日：2012-12-18
申请号：US11576459
申请日：2005-08-19
IPC分类号： G11C11/00
CPC分类号： G11C13/0004 , G11C2013/0054 , G11C2013/0071 , G11C2213/79
摘要： A module comprises a bus invert encoder (24) for determining whether a set of data bits should be inverted prior to transmission over a communication bus. The bus invert encoder (24) produces a bus invert signal BI which controls a selective inversion means (28), for example a multiplexer. A partial fault detection encoder (32) determines one or more temporary check bits from the set of data bits, substantially in parallel with the bus invert encoder (24). Thus, the one or more temporary check bits are determined based on the assumption that the set of data bits are to be transmitted without inversion from the selective inversion means (28). A logic unit (34) is provided for correcting the one or more temporary check bits, if necessary, based on the bus invert signal produced by the bus invert encoder (24). The module has the e advantage of enabling the temporary check bits to be determined in parallel with the bus invert encoding, thereby reducing latency, with the logic unit being used to correct the check bits, if necessary, prior to transmission over the communication bus.
摘要翻译： 一个模块包括总线反相编码器（24），用于在通过通信总线发送之前确定一组数据位是否应该被反转。 总线反转编码器（24）产生总线反相信号BI，其控制选择性反转装置（28），例如多路复用器。 部分故障检测编码器（32）基本上与总线反相编码器（24）并行地确定来自该组数据位的一个或多个临时校验位。 因此，基于如下假设来确定一个或多个临时校验位：该数据位的集合将不会从选择反转装置（28）反转而被发送。 提供逻辑单元（34），用于根据由总线反相编码器（24）产生的总线反相信号（如果需要）校正一个或多个临时校验位。 该模块具有使得能够与总线反转编码并行确定临时校验位的优点，从而减少等待时间，如果需要，在通过通信总线传输之前，如果需要，使用逻辑单元来校正校验位。
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公开(公告)号：US20080277642A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-13
申请号：US11814800
申请日：2006-01-19
IPC分类号： H01L45/00
CPC分类号： H01L45/06 , H01L27/2436 , H01L45/1226 , H01L45/1233 , H01L45/126 , H01L45/144 , H01L45/148 , H01L45/1675 , H01L45/1691
摘要： A phase change resistor device has a phase change material (PCM) for which the phase transition occurs inside the PCM and not at the interface with a contact electrode. For ease of manufacturing the PCM is an elongate line structure (210, 215) surrounded by the conductive electrode portions (200, 240) at its lateral sides, and is formed in a CMOS backend process. An alternative is to form the device coupled directly to other circuit parts without the electrodes. In each case, there is a line of PCM which has a constant diameter or cross section, formed with reduced dimensions by using a spacer as a hard mask. The first contact electrode and the second contact electrode are electrically connected by a “one dimensional” layer of the PCM. The contact resistance between the one-dimensional layer of PCM and the first contact electrode at the second contact electrode is lower than the resistance of a central or intervening portion of the line.
摘要翻译： 相变电阻器件具有相变材料（PCM），在该相变材料（PCM）中，相变发生在PCM内部，而不在与接触电极的界面处。 为了便于制造，PCM是由导电电极部分（200,240）在其侧面环绕的细长线结构（210,215），并且以CMOS后端工艺形成。 一种替代方案是形成直接连接到没有电极的其它电路部件的装置。 在每种情况下，存在具有恒定直径或横截面的PCM线，其通过使用间隔件作为硬掩模以减小的尺寸形成。 第一接触电极和第二接触电极通过PCM的“一维”层电连接。 PCM的一维层和第二接触电极处的第一接触电极之间的接触电阻低于线的中心部分或中间部分的电阻。
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公开(公告)号：US20080007509A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-10
申请号：US11456527
申请日：2006-07-10
IPC分类号： G09G3/36
CPC分类号： G02F1/133603 , G02F1/133609 , G02F2001/133613
摘要： Various techniques are described for improving the color uniformity across a backlight for backlighting an LCD. In one embodiment, the backlight uses rows of red, green, and blue LEDs in a mixing chamber. The LEDs are arranged in clusters, such as GRBG or GBRG, each cluster having an associated white point. In order to achieve color uniformity along the left and right edges of the backlight, the LEDs in those edge clusters are specially selected to compensate for the color imbalance in the white point relative to the dimensions of the cluster. For example, a non-compensated cluster of GRBG along the left edge will produce a reddish tint along the left edge since the red peak intensity is to the left of the center of the cluster. To offset this reddish tint along the left side, the cluster's overall white point is blue-cyan shifted. As a result, the left edge of the backlight has the same white point as near the middle of the backlight, where the white point imbalance of a single cluster is offset by the white point imbalance of the surrounding clusters. Similarly, a GBRG cluster along the left edge will have its white point red-yellow shifted.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于改善用于背光LCD的背光的颜色均匀性的各种技术。 在一个实施例中，背光在混合室中使用红色，绿色和蓝色LED行。 LED以簇布置，例如GRBG或GBRG，每个簇具有相关联的白点。 为了实现背光源的左右边缘的颜色均匀性，这些边缘簇中的LED被特别选择以补偿白点相对于簇的尺寸的颜色不平衡。 例如，沿着左边缘的GRBG的未补偿簇将沿着左边缘产生红色的色调，因为红色峰值强度在簇的中心的左侧。 为了抵消左侧的淡红色，集群的整体白点是蓝 - 青移动。 结果，背光源的左边缘具有与靠近背光中间相同的白点，其中单个簇的白点不平衡被周围簇的白点不平衡所抵消。 类似地，沿着左边缘的GBRG簇将其白点偏移为黄色。
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6.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20070285378A1
公开(公告)日：2007-12-13
申请号：US11423412
申请日：2006-06-09
IPC分类号： G09G3/36
CPC分类号： H05B33/0869 , G09G3/342 , G09G2320/0233 , G09G2320/0633 , G09G2320/0666 , G09G2320/0693 , G09G2360/147 , H05B33/0815 , H05B33/0827 , Y10S362/80
摘要： An LED light source for LCD backlighting is described that recalibrates itself over time so that color and brightness uniformity across the backlight is maintained over the life of the backlight. The backlight contains clusters of red, green, and blue LEDs, each cluster generating a white point. In one embodiment, each color in a cluster has its own controllable driver so that the brightness of each color is a cluster is separately controllable. One or more optical sensors are arranged in the backlight, and the sensor signals are detected by processing circuitry to sense the light output of any LEDs that are energized in a single cluster. The measured white point and flux are compared to a stored target white point value and flux for that cluster. The currents to the RGB LEDs are then automatically adjusted to achieve the target level for each cluster. This process is applied to each cluster in sequence until the recalibration is complete. The recalibration takes place at various times over the lifetime of the backlight to offset the effects of LED degradation over time. Variations of this technique are also described.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于LCD背光的LED光源，其随着时间的推移重新校准自身，使得在背光源的使用寿命期间保持背光源上的颜色和亮度均匀性。 背光包含红色，绿色和蓝色LED的簇，每个簇产生一个白点。 在一个实施例中，簇中的每个颜色具有其自己的可控驱动器，使得每个颜色的亮度是簇是单独可控的。 一个或多个光学传感器布置在背光源中，并且传感器信号由处理电路检测，以感测在单个群集中被激励的任何LED的光输出。 将测量的白点和通量与存储的目标白点值和该簇的通量进行比较。 然后自动调整到RGB LED的电流，以实现每个集群的目标级别。 该过程按顺序应用于每个簇，直到重新校准完成。 重新校准在背光源的寿命期间的不同时间进行，以抵消LED劣化随时间的影响。 还描述了该技术的变化。
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7.发明授权LED backlight for LCD with color uniformity recalibration over lifetime 有权适用于LCD的LED背光，寿命长，颜色均匀性重新校准公开(公告)号：US07696964B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-13
申请号：US11423412
申请日：2006-06-09
CPC分类号： H05B33/0869 , G09G3/342 , G09G2320/0233 , G09G2320/0633 , G09G2320/0666 , G09G2320/0693 , G09G2360/147 , H05B33/0815 , H05B33/0827 , Y10S362/80
摘要： An LED light source for LCD backlighting is described that recalibrates itself over time so that color and brightness uniformity across the backlight is maintained over the life of the backlight. The backlight contains clusters of red, green, and blue LEDs, each cluster generating a white point. In one embodiment, each color in a cluster has its own controllable driver so that the brightness of each color is a cluster is separately controllable. One or more optical sensors are arranged in the backlight, and the sensor signals are detected by processing circuitry to sense the light output of any LEDs that are energized in a single cluster. The measured white point and flux are compared to a stored target white point value and flux for that cluster. The currents to the RGB LEDs are then automatically adjusted to achieve the target level for each cluster. This process is applied to each cluster in sequence until the recalibration is complete. The recalibration takes place at various times over the lifetime of the backlight to offset the effects of LED degradation over time. Variations of this technique are also described.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于LCD背光的LED光源，其随着时间的推移重新校准自身，使得在背光源的使用寿命期间保持背光源上的颜色和亮度均匀性。 背光包含红色，绿色和蓝色LED的簇，每个簇产生一个白点。 在一个实施例中，簇中的每个颜色具有其自己的可控驱动器，使得每个颜色的亮度是簇是单独可控的。 一个或多个光学传感器布置在背光源中，并且传感器信号由处理电路检测，以感测在单个群集中被激励的任何LED的光输出。 将测量的白点和通量与存储的目标白点值和该簇的通量进行比较。 然后自动调整到RGB LED的电流，以实现每个集群的目标级别。 该过程按顺序应用于每个簇，直到重新校准完成。 重新校准在背光源的寿命期间的不同时间进行，以抵消LED劣化随时间的影响。 还描述了该技术的变化。
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