公开(公告)号：US5172228A

公开(公告)日：1992-12-15

申请号：US794516

申请日：1991-11-19

申请人： Paul D. Israelsen

发明人： Paul D. Israelsen

IPC分类号： G06T9/40 ,  H03M7/30 ,  H04N7/28 ,  H04N7/30

CPC分类号： H03M7/3082 ,  G06T9/40 ,  H04N19/124 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/184 ,  H04N19/60 ,  H04N19/94 ,  H04N19/13 ,  H04N19/146 ,  H04N19/91

摘要： A variable rate vector quantization method employs a tree structured codebook. The level of the codebook from which codevectors are selected is determined by a threshold. The threshold varies according to the fullness of a buffer which stores vector quantized data to be transmitted.

摘要翻译： 可变速率矢量量化方法采用树结构码本。 选择代码矢量的码本的电平由阈值确定。 阈值根据存储要发送的矢量量化数据的缓冲器的丰满度而变化。

公开(公告)号：US09140763B2

公开(公告)日：2015-09-22

申请号：US13622895

申请日：2012-09-19

申请人： Aaron Gilchrist ,  Hunter Wu ,  Kylee D. Sealy ,  Paul D. Israelsen

发明人： Aaron Gilchrist ,  Hunter Wu ,  Kylee D. Sealy ,  Paul D. Israelsen

IPC分类号： G01R19/00 ,  G01R31/40 ,  B60L11/18

CPC分类号： G01R31/40 ,  B60L11/182 ,  G01R19/0092 ,  Y02T10/7005 ,  Y02T10/7072 ,  Y02T90/122 ,  Y02T90/14

摘要： A testing system for wireless power transfer systems, including a stationary plate, a rotating plate, and a driver to rotate the rotating plate with respect to the stationary plate.

摘要翻译： 一种用于无线电力传输系统的测试系统，包括固定板，旋转板和用于相对于固定板旋转旋转板的驱动器。

公开(公告)号：US5799110A

公开(公告)日：1998-08-25

申请号：US555434

申请日：1995-11-09

申请人： Paul D. Israelsen ,  Chien-Min Huang

发明人： Paul D. Israelsen ,  Chien-Min Huang

IPC分类号： G06T9/00 ,  H03M7/30 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/28 ,  H04N7/50 ,  G06K9/36

CPC分类号： G06T9/008 ,  H03M7/3082 ,  H04N19/107 ,  H04N19/147 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/19 ,  H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/587 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/94 ,  H04N19/146 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/39

摘要： An N-stage vector quantizer in which increasingly smaller portions of a vector are compared to a threshold until the quantization error is less than the threshold. The threshold may be adaptive to insure a constant bit rate. The first stage performs VQ and inverse VQ on an input vector. The difference between the inverse VQ and the input vector is determined to create a first stage residual error. If the first stage residual error is less than a threshold, no further stages of the multistage vector quantizer are used and the input vector or first stage residual is passed on to the output stage. However, if the first stage residual error is not less than the threshold, the residual error is passed to stage two of the multistage vector quantizer where VQ and inverse VQ are performed on the first stage residual error. The process is continued until the residual is less than the threshold. If the Nth stage is reached without the residual being less than the threshold, the process is repeated on a smaller portion of the original input vector. For example, if the original input vector were a 16.times.16 vector, the smaller section could be a 16.times.8 vector.

摘要翻译： N阶矢量量化器，其中向量的越来越小的部分与阈值进行比较，直到量化误差小于阈值。 阈值可以是适应性的，以确保恒定的比特率。 第一级在输入向量上执行VQ和反向VQ。 确定逆VQ和输入向量之间的差异以产生第一级残差。 如果第一级残差小于阈值，则不使用多级矢量量化器的其他级，并将输入矢量或第一级残差传递到输出级。 然而，如果第一级残差为阈值以上，则将残留误差传递给多级向量量化器的第二级，其中对第一级残差执行VQ和逆VQ。 该过程继续进行，直到残差小于阈值。 如果在没有残差小于阈值的情况下达到第N阶段，则在原始输入向量的较小部分上重复该过程。 例如，如果原始输入向量是16×16向量，则较小的部分可以是16×8向量。

公开(公告)号：US5398069A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-14

申请号：US38157

申请日：1993-03-26

申请人： Chien M. Huang ,  Paul D. Israelsen

发明人： Chien M. Huang ,  Paul D. Israelsen

IPC分类号： G06T9/00 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/28 ,  H04N7/30 ,  H04N7/32 ,  H04N7/130

CPC分类号： G06T9/008 ,  H04N19/126 ,  H04N19/147 ,  H04N19/15 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/154 ,  H04N19/184 ,  H04N19/192 ,  H04N19/60 ,  H04N19/94 ,  H04N19/146 ,  H04N19/50

摘要： Vector quantization of a data vector proceeds through successive stages of a multi-stage vector quantization encoder until either (i) a measure of distortion between the vector input to a given stage and the codevector selected at that stage satisfies a threshold value or (ii) the last stage of the encoder is reached. The threshold value varies according to the fullness of a buffer which stores vector quantized data to be transmitted. Consequently, the last stage reached may differ from data vector to data vector. Compression efficiency therefore improves. Preferably, the mean value of each data vector is removed prior to vector quantization.

摘要翻译： 数据矢量的矢量量化进行到多级矢量量化编码器的连续级，直到（i）到给定级的矢量输入和在该级选择的码矢量之间的失真的测量值满足阈值或（ii） 达到编码器的最后阶段。 阈值根据存储要发送的矢量量化数据的缓冲器的丰满度而变化。 因此，达到的最后阶段可能与数据向量与数据向量不同。 压缩效率因此提高。 优选地，在矢量量化之前去除每个数据矢量的平均值。

公开(公告)号：US5247348A

公开(公告)日：1993-09-21

申请号：US794585

申请日：1991-11-19

申请人： Paul D. Israelsen ,  Keith Lucas

发明人： Paul D. Israelsen ,  Keith Lucas

IPC分类号： G06T9/00 ,  H04N7/10 ,  H04N21/2383 ,  H04N21/438

CPC分类号： H04N21/2383 ,  G06T9/008 ,  H04N19/94 ,  H04N21/4382 ,  H04N7/10

摘要： A method of communicating data from a first location to a second location employing a vector quantization data compression technique that allows users to select the reproduction quality of the transmitted vector quantized data. According to the method, data is encoded (compressed) from the last level of a first tree search vector quantization codebook at the first location. A second tree search vector quantization codebook is provided at the second location having a number of levels equal to or less than the number of levels in the first codebook. The reproduction quality of the transmitted vector quantized data is a function of the number of levels in the second codebook.

摘要翻译： 使用允许用户选择所发送的矢量量化数据的再现质量的矢量量化数据压缩技术，将数据从第一位置传送到第二位置的方法。 根据该方法，从第一位置处的第一树搜索矢量量化码本的最后一级对数据进行编码（压缩）。 在第二位置处提供第二树搜索矢量量化码本，其数量等于或小于第一码本中的电平数。 发送矢量量化数据的再现质量是第二码本中的电平数量的函数。

公开(公告)号：US5909513A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-01

申请号：US713400

申请日：1996-09-13

申请人： Kyminh Liang ,  Chien-Min Huang ,  Paul D. Israelsen ,  Scott E. Budge

发明人： Kyminh Liang ,  Chien-Min Huang ,  Paul D. Israelsen ,  Scott E. Budge

IPC分类号： H04N11/04 ,  G06T1/20 ,  G06T9/00 ,  H03M7/30 ,  H04N7/14 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/28 ,  H04N7/30 ,  H04N7/50 ,  G06K9/36

CPC分类号： G06T9/008 ,  H03M7/3082 ,  H04N19/107 ,  H04N19/147 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/19 ,  H04N19/23 ,  H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/587 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/94 ,  H04N11/042 ,  H04N19/146 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/30 ,  H04N19/39 ,  H04N7/147

摘要： The invention relates to a method and system for allocating bits for representing blocks that are transmitted in an image compression system. In a preferred embodiment, a video telephone communications system includes a video transmitting/receiving (transceiving) system including local and remote processing systems separated by a communications link. The local processing system determines indices to be sent to a remote processing system to represent the image. Under one aspect of the invention, the local processing system determines an optimal bit allocation in which the following relationship may be minimized DR=D+.lambda.R, where D is the total distortion .SIGMA.d.sub.i for a frame; .lambda. is a value determined as described below; R=.SIGMA.r.sub.i .apprxeq.R.sub.d which is the desired total number of bits for the frame. The optimal bit allocation may determine .lambda. for an entire frame. Under other aspects of the invention a lambda feedback technique, with or without predecision, may be used. The lambda feedback techniques may determine .lambda. block by block. Conditional update preselection and mode preselection are other reduced complexity procedures.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于分配用于表示在图像压缩系统中发送的块的比特的方法和系统。 在优选实施例中，视频电话通信系统包括视频发送/接收（收发）系统，该系统包括由通信链路隔开的本地和远程处理系统。 本地处理系统确定要发送到远程处理系统以表示图像的索引。 在本发明的一个方面，本地处理系统确定最佳比特分配，其中以下关系可以被最小化DR = D + lambda R，其中D是帧的总失真SIGMA di; λ是如下所述确定的值; R = SIGMA ri APPROX Rd，它是帧的所需总位数。 最佳比特分配可以确定整个帧的λ。 在本发明的其他方面，可以使用具有或不具有预先确定的λ反馈技术。 λ反馈技术可以逐块确定λ块。 条件更新预选和模式预选是其他简化复杂程序。

公开(公告)号：US5450132A

公开(公告)日：1995-09-12

申请号：US180010

申请日：1994-01-11

申请人： Richard W. Harris ,  Paul D. Israelsen ,  Scott E. Budge

发明人： Richard W. Harris ,  Paul D. Israelsen ,  Scott E. Budge

IPC分类号： G06T9/00 ,  H03M7/30 ,  H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/28 ,  H04N7/24

CPC分类号： H03M7/3082 ,  G06T9/008 ,  H04N19/94 ,  H04N19/30

摘要： Apparatus for compressing data is disclosed in which input data is compressed by a vector quantization process and decoded by the vector quantization process. The input data and the decoded input data are compared and a difference signal as produced. A portion of the difference signal is preferably losslessly compressed and transmitted with the vector quantized input signal to a decoder over a communication channel. The decoder decodes the vector quantized portion of the signal and the compressed difference signal for reconstructing the input signal with an error which is less than that which would result from uncompensated vector quantization.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于压缩数据的装置，其中通过矢量量化处理压缩输入数据并通过矢量量化处理进行解码。 将输入数据和解码的输入数据进行比较，产生差分信号。 差分信号的一部分优选地被无损压缩并且通过矢量量化的输入信号通过通信信道传送到解码器。 解码器对信号的矢量量化部分和压缩差分信号进行解码，用于重建输入信号，其误差小于由未补偿的矢量量化所产生的误差。

公开(公告)号：US5247357A

公开(公告)日：1993-09-21

申请号：US794589

申请日：1991-11-19

申请人： Paul D. Israelsen

发明人： Paul D. Israelsen

IPC分类号： G06T9/00 ,  H03M7/30 ,  H04N7/10 ,  H04N7/20

CPC分类号： H03M7/3082 ,  H04N19/94 ,  H04N7/10 ,  H04N7/20

摘要： A variable rate vector quantization apparatus and method employs a tree structured codebook. Code vectors are selected from different levels of the codebook according to the value of a threshold. The value of the threshold is periodically adjusted according to the fullness of a buffer that stores vector quantized data to be transmitted. According to the invention, vector quantized data for redundant, or similar, vectors is not transmitted. Rather, a "copy last vector" instruction is transmitted for these vectors to achieve further data compression. A method of mean removal from vectors to be vector quantized is also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 可变速率矢量量化装置和方法采用树结构码本。 根据阈值的值，从码本的不同级别选择码矢量。 根据存储要发送的矢量量化数据的缓冲器的丰满度，周期性地调整阈值。 根据本发明，不发送用于冗余或类似的向量的矢量量化数据。 相反，为这些向量发送“复制最后向量”指令以实现进一步的数据压缩。 还公开了从载体量化的载体中平均去除的方法。

公开(公告)号：US07075564B1

公开(公告)日：2006-07-11

申请号：US09762074

申请日：1999-07-27

申请人： Douglas L. Jewell ,  Paul D. Israelsen ,  David Perkes

发明人： Douglas L. Jewell ,  Paul D. Israelsen ,  David Perkes

IPC分类号： H04N7/14

CPC分类号： H04N7/147 ,  H04N7/148

摘要： A video conferencing circuit (12) is configured to receive an input (26) from one of a plurality of video input devices. The video signal is then stored, compressed and transmitted by an interface circuit such as a modem (18). Video signals from a remote location are received from the modem (18), decompressed, stored and then transferred for display on one of a plurality of video output devices.

摘要翻译： 视频会议电路（12）被配置为从多个视频输入设备之一接收输入（26）。 然后，视频信号被诸如调制解调器（18）之类的接口电路存储，压缩和发送。 从调制解调器（18）接收来自远程位置的视频信号，解压缩，存储然后传送以在多个视频输出设备之一上显示。

公开(公告)号：US5844612A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-01

申请号：US555435

申请日：1995-11-09

申请人： Paul D. Israelsen

发明人： Paul D. Israelsen

IPC分类号： H04N7/32 ,  H04N7/14 ,  H04N7/26

CPC分类号： H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/107 ,  H04N19/147 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/176 ,  H04N19/19 ,  H04N19/146 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/30 ,  H04N7/147

摘要： A video telephone system includes a camera that produces video images. Processing circuitry performs vector quantization on the video images to represent the video images with a relatively small amount of data for transmission to a remote location or memory. The video images are represented by frames which may be further divided into a blocks. A current block is the block that is being considered at a given time. A conditional previous block occupies the position in a previous frame that the current block occupies in the current frame. A motion previous block is a block of the previous frame containing data like that of the current block. To further reduce the amount of data needed to represent the video images, the processing circuitry determines what if any quantization is needed with respect to the current block. The processing circuitry may (1) perform vector quantization on the current block, (2) perform vector quantization on a residual between the current block and motion previous block, or (3) pass bits indicating that the vector quantization of the conditional previous block is adequate. The decision of which occurs depends on various distances related to the current block, the motion previous block, and the conditional previous block. The invention has application for images other than those used in video telephone systems.

摘要翻译： 视频电话系统包括产生视频图像的相机。 处理电路对视频图像执行矢量量化，以相对较小量的数据表示视频图像，以便传输到远程位置或存储器。 视频图像由可以被进一步划分成块的帧来表示。 当前块是在给定时间被考虑的块。 有条件的先前块占据当前块在当前帧中占据的先前帧中的位置。 运动先前块是前一帧的包含如当前块的数据的块。 为了进一步减少表示视频图像所需的数据量，处理电路确定如果需要对当前块进行任何量化的话。 处理电路可以（1）对当前块执行矢量量化，（2）对当前块和运动先前块之间的残差执行矢量量化，或者（3）通过位，表示条件先前块的矢量量化是 充足。 其发生的决定取决于与当前块，运动先前块和条件先前块相关的各种距离。 本发明适用于视频电话系统以外的图像。