摘要:
A method of producing a pollutant adsorption and degradation article, and such article, are provided. At least one adsorbent is mixed with at least one pollutant transforming agent to form a mixture. This mixture is compacted to form a porous, highly permeable article. If necessary, the article can be modified with surfactant either after the compacting step or by adding the surfactant to the mixture prior to the compacting step. In addition, if necessary, a binding agent can be added to the mixture prior to the compacting step.
摘要:
A filtering element for use in trapping particulates from a diesel exhaust gas, made up of a porous refractory ceramic body of predominant open-cell porosity prepared by firing an aluminosilicate hydrogel-bonded porous ceramic composition, and preferably further containing on the filter inlet and/or outlet surface thereof an integral thin porous ceramic membrane layer having pores whose average diameter is less than that of the pores in the body and at the other surfaces.
摘要:
A process for producing a porous ceramic filter for use in the filtering of particulates from diesel exhaust gases, and the filter so produced, in which a foamable ceramic composition based upon an aluminosilicate hydrogel binder is expanded into a self-supporting, open-celled porous body of desired shape by virtue of in situ reaction between components of the composition, and thereafter treated to substantially reduce its alkali metal content and fired to produce ceramic bonds, the process further preferably providing on the intended outlet surface of the filter a thin porous ceramic membrane layer whose pores have an average diameter less than that of the pores within and at other surfaces of the ceramic filter.
摘要:
Hydrogel-bound aggregate lightweight building materials, such as blocks for use in replacement of lightweight concrete or extruded clay blocks, prepared by expanding and drying a foamable composition containing precursors for an alkali metal aluminosilicate hydrogel, fine grain particulate aggregates, and a viscosity-reducing agent sufficient to result in a starting slurry composition viscosity of less than 40,000 cps at a solids content of 70% by weight or greater.
摘要:
The alkali metal content of unfired porous ceramic shapes is substantially reduced by treatment with water to remove excess alkali and treatment with a dilute aqueous solution of an ammonium salt, preferably ammonium chloride, to exchange ammonium ion for remaining alkali metal ion, such that, upon firing, porous ceramic articles are produced having improved stability in high temperature and/or temperature-cycled environments.
摘要:
Granular compositions are disclosed for use in preparing hard, water and erosion-resistant, shapes such as foundry molds and cores, that are self-setting under ambient atmospheric conditions to allow such shapes to be stripped from patterns on which they are formed, such pattern stripping being possible immediately after forming in the case of foundry cores and the like, and within controllable pattern strip times as low as 60 seconds for foundry molds. The shapes may be used without baking and, in the case of foundry molds and cores, are ready for casting molten metal within as little as one hour. Molds and/or cores free of organic materials can be formed with the novel compositions, providing essentially carbon-free surfaces at the mold-metal interface, as well as being free of other deleterious elements such as sulfur, phosphorus and boron, thereby avoiding alloy composition alteration at the interface due to migration during casting. The refractory compositions of the invention incorporate unique aluminosilicate hydrogels of alkali metals as binders, are compatible in use with existing industrial foundry mold/core-forming equipment and procedures, and are eminently free of environmental (toxicity) problems in the foundry atmosphere.
摘要:
Cement compositions and methods for making cement compositions are provided. The cement compositions can comprise at least one oxide having a particle size of less than about 600 nm. The methods for making cement may include: providing a mixture of compounds containing the required calcium, silicon, aluminum, and iron to provide at least one of tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, tetracalcium aluminoferrite, other calcium silicates, aluminates, ferrites, and silicates or combinations thereof; adding a fuel source and an oxidizer to the mixture of compounds; and heating the mixture of compounds, the fuel source, and the oxidizer such that the mixture of compounds, the fuel source, and the oxidizer ignite to form the at least one tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and tetracalcium aluminoferrite, or combinations thereof,
摘要:
Disclosed herein is a foamable, self-setting ceramic composition which can be poured into molds or injection-molded or extruded to achieve desired shapes, and thereafter fired to produce shaped, porous ceramic articles useful as filter elements, insulation, kiln furniture, molds furnace linings or other like articles, the composition containing agents capable of developing an aluminosilicate hydrogel and capable of generating gas to produce porosity within the hydrogel bound molded shape.
摘要:
Low mass kiln furniture for supporting ceramic ware during the firing thereof is provided having excellent thermal shock resistance and high temperature stability, the kiln furniture being comprised of a porous refractory ceramic body of low density prepared by the firing of a porous aluminosilicate-bound aggregate of refractory ceramic compounds, and wherein the ceramic body has on one or more of its surfaces a smooth skin in the form of an integral thin porous ceramic membrane layer.
摘要:
Cement compositions and methods for making cement compositions are provided. The cement compositions can comprise at least one oxide having a particle size of less than about 600 nm. The methods for making cement may include: providing a mixture of compounds containing the required calcium, silicon, aluminum, and iron to provide at least one of tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, tetracalcium aluminoferrite, other calcium silicates, aluminates, ferrites, and silicates or combinations thereof; adding a fuel source and an oxidizer to the mixture of compounds; and heating the mixture of compounds, the fuel source, and the oxidizer such that the mixture of compounds, the fuel source, and the oxidizer ignite to form the at least one tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and tetracalcium aluminoferrite, or combinations thereof.