公开(公告)号：US08401175B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-19

申请号：US12461354

申请日：2009-08-10

Applicant: Siavash Fallahi ,  Kevin Brown

Inventor： Siavash Fallahi ,  Kevin Brown

IPC: H04M1/00 ,  H04M9/00

CPC classification number: H04M1/2535 ,  H03H7/06 ,  H03H7/075 ,  H03H7/38 ,  H04M11/066

Abstract: An internet protocol telephone includes a substrate having an input and an output that are capable of being connected to the internet protocol (IP) network. A relay is disposed on the substrate and is connected between the input and the output of the substrate. The relay includes first and second native FETs that have a threshold voltage of approximately zero volts. Therefore, the relay is nominally turned-on, even when little or no voltage (or power) is applied to the IP telephone substrate, as during the discovery mode of IP telephone operation. During discovery mode, The IP phone is configured to be responsive to extended link pulses and block data packets that are associated with legacy devices. Data packets have a higher signal duration and are more continuous than extended link pulses. The IP phone includes a switchable ground that is connected to the gates of the native devices, and is controlled by a rectifier and filter circuit that are connected to the substrate input. If the IP phone receives legacy data packets during discovery mode, then the high signal duration and continuous nature of the data packets are sufficient to cause the rectifier to generate a rectified signal having sufficient amplitude to activate the switchable ground, so as to ground the gates of the native devices and therefore turn-off the native devices. Therefore, the data packets are rejected and are not passed back to the switch. Extended link pulses have a frequency that is too low to generate a rectified signal that is sufficient to activate the switchable ground, and therefore the native devices remain turned-on. Accordingly, the extended link pulses are passed back to the switch.

公开(公告)号：US20120313714A1

公开(公告)日：2012-12-13

申请号：US13158075

申请日：2011-06-10

Applicant: Mahyar Kargar ,  Siavash Fallahi ,  Namik Kocaman ,  Afshin Momtaz

Inventor： Mahyar Kargar ,  Siavash Fallahi ,  Namik Kocaman ,  Afshin Momtaz

IPC: H03L7/00

CPC classification number: H03L7/0807 ,  H03L7/00 ,  H03L7/087 ,  H03L7/091 ,  H03L7/0991 ,  H03L7/113 ,  H03L2207/06 ,  H04L7/0004 ,  H04L7/033

Abstract: Embodiments for reference-less voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) calibration are provided. Embodiments include a VCO calibration module which uses one or more signals from a frequency detector to automatically select a proper VCO band and bring the VCO clock frequency close enough to the data rate. The VCO calibration module uses a calibration code to calibrate the VCO. In embodiments, the calibration code is determined using a frequency search scheme, which includes a discovery phase to determine the proper VCO band, and a binary search phase and a monitoring phase to select the calibration code that brings the VCO clock frequency closest to the data rate.

Abstract translation: 提供了无参考压控振荡器（VCO）校准的实施例。 实施例包括VCO校准模块，其使用来自频率检测器的一个或多个信号来自动选择适当的VCO频带并使VCO时钟频率接近于数据速率。 VCO校准模块使用校准代码校准VCO。 在实施例中，使用频率搜索方案来确定校准码，该频率搜索方案包括确定适当的VCO频带的发现阶段以及二进制搜索阶段和监视阶段，以选择使VCO时钟频率最接近数据的校准码 率。

公开(公告)号：US20060290356A1

公开(公告)日：2006-12-28

申请号：US11513213

申请日：2006-08-31

Applicant: Art Pharn ,  Peiqing Wang ,  Siavash Fallahi

Inventor： Art Pharn ,  Peiqing Wang ,  Siavash Fallahi

IPC: G01R31/11

CPC classification number: G01R31/11

Abstract: A system and method are used to determine connectivity and/or cable faults of a cable. A signal transmitting and receiving system is coupled to the cable. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) coupled to the signal transmitting and receiving system. A TDR system coupled to the ADC and a memory, and a controlling system coupled to at least one of the ADC, the TDR system, and the signal receiving and transmitting system. The controlling system includes a controller and one or more state machines that are used to control the TDR system.

Abstract translation: 系统和方法用于确定电缆的连接和/或电缆故障。 信号发射和接收系统耦合到电缆。 耦合到信号发射和接收系统的模拟 - 数字转换器（ADC）。 耦合到ADC和存储器的TDR系统以及耦合到ADC，TDR系统和信号接收和传输系统中的至少一个的控制系统。 控制系统包括控制器和用于控制TDR系统的一个或多个状态机。

公开(公告)号：US06949988B2

公开(公告)日：2005-09-27

申请号：US10617866

申请日：2003-07-14

Applicant: Siavash Fallahi

Inventor： Siavash Fallahi

IPC: H03H7/06 ,  H03H7/075

CPC classification number: H03H7/38 ,  H03H7/06 ,  H03H7/075 ,  H03H7/1758 ,  H03H7/425

Abstract: A constant impedance filter maintains a constant input impedance for frequencies that are both inside the filter passband and outside the filter passband. The constant input impedance appears as a pure resistance. The constant impedance filter includes a plurality of filter poles that are connected in series. Each of the filter poles include an inductor, a capacitor, and a resistor. The value of the inductor, the capacitor, and the resistor are selected to provide a constant input impedance over frequency for each pole of the filter, which produces a constant input impedance for the entire filter over frequency. The constant impedance filter can be implemented as a low pass filter, a high pass filter, or a bandpass filter. Furthermore, the constant impedance filter can be implemented in a single-ended configuration or a differential configuration.

Abstract translation: 恒定阻抗滤波器对于滤波器通带内部和滤波器通带外的频率都保持恒定的输入阻抗。 恒定输入阻抗显示为纯电阻。 恒定阻抗滤波器包括串联连接的多个滤波极。 每个滤波器极包括电感器，电容器和电阻器。 选择电感器，电容器和电阻器的值，​​以为滤波器的每个极点提供恒定的频率输入阻抗，从而为整个频率滤波器产生恒定的输入阻抗。 恒定阻抗滤波器可以实现为低通滤波器，高通滤波器或带通滤波器。 此外，恒定阻抗滤波器可以以单端配置或差分配置来实现。

公开(公告)号：US20050024144A1

公开(公告)日：2005-02-03

申请号：US10928371

申请日：2004-08-30

Applicant: Felix Cheung ,  Kevin Chan ,  Siavash Fallahi

Inventor： Felix Cheung ,  Kevin Chan ,  Siavash Fallahi

IPC: H03G1/00 ,  H03G3/10

CPC classification number: H03G1/0088

Abstract: A programable gain amplifier (PGA) has an amplifier and a variable resistor that is connected to the output of the amplifier. The variable resistor includes a resistor that is connected to a reference voltage and multiple parallel taps that tap off the resistor. A two-stage switch network having fine stage switches and coarse stage switches connects the resistor taps to an output node of the PGA. The taps and corresponding fine stage switches are arranged into two or more groups, where each group has n-number of fine stage switches and corresponding taps. One terminal of each fine stage switch is connected to the corresponding resistor tap, and the other terminal is connected to an output terminal for the corresponding group. The coarse stage switches select from among the groups of fine stage switches, and connect to the output of the PGA. During operation, one selected tap is connected to the output of the PGA by closing the appropriate fine stage switch and coarse stage switch, where the selected tap defines a selected group ofthe fine stage switches. Additionally, one fine stage switch is closed in each of the non-selected groups of fine stage switches. In one embodiment, the location of the closed switches in the non-selected groups is the mirror image of the location in an adjacent group. This reduces the transient voltages that occur when tap selection changes from one group to another.

Abstract translation: 可编程增益放大器（PGA）具有放大器和连接到放大器的输出的可变电阻器。 可变电阻器包括连接到参考电压的电阻器和分离电阻器的多个并联抽头。 具有精细级开关和粗级开关的两级开关网络将电阻抽头连接到PGA的输出节点。 抽头和相应的精细级开关被布置成两组或更多组，其中每组具有n个细级开关和相应的抽头。 每个精细级开关的一个端子连接到相应的电阻抽头，另一个端子连接到相应组的输出端子。 粗级开关从精细级开关组中选择，并连接到PGA的输出。 在运行期间，一个选择的分接头通过关闭适当的细级开关和粗级开关连接到PGA的输出，其中所选择的分接头定义了精细级开关的选定组。 此外，每个非选择的精细级开关组中的一个精细级开关闭合。 在一个实施例中，未选择组中的闭合开关的位置是相邻组中位置的镜像。 这样可以减少轻敲选择从一个组变为另一组时发生的瞬态电压。

公开(公告)号：US09281828B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-08

申请号：US13158075

申请日：2011-06-10

Applicant: Mahyar Kargar ,  Siavash Fallahi ,  Namik Kocaman ,  Afshin Momtaz

Inventor： Mahyar Kargar ,  Siavash Fallahi ,  Namik Kocaman ,  Afshin Momtaz

IPC: H03L7/00 ,  H03L7/087 ,  H03L7/091 ,  H03L7/08 ,  H03L7/099 ,  H03L7/113 ,  H04L7/00 ,  H04L7/033

CPC classification number: H03L7/0807 ,  H03L7/00 ,  H03L7/087 ,  H03L7/091 ,  H03L7/0991 ,  H03L7/113 ,  H03L2207/06 ,  H04L7/0004 ,  H04L7/033

Abstract: Embodiments for reference-less voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) calibration are provided. Embodiments include a VCO calibration module which uses one or more signals from a frequency detector to automatically select a proper VCO band and bring the VCO clock frequency close enough to the data rate. The VCO calibration module uses a calibration code to calibrate the VCO. In embodiments, the calibration code is determined using a frequency search scheme, which includes a discovery phase to determine the proper VCO band, and a binary search phase and a monitoring phase to select the calibration code that brings the VCO clock frequency closest to the data rate.

Abstract translation: 提供了无参考压控振荡器（VCO）校准的实施例。 实施例包括VCO校准模块，其使用来自频率检测器的一个或多个信号来自动选择适当的VCO频带并使VCO时钟频率接近于数据速率。 VCO校准模块使用校准代码校准VCO。 在实施例中，使用频率搜索方案来确定校准码，该频率搜索方案包括确定适当的VCO频带的发现阶段以及二进制搜索阶段和监视阶段，以选择使VCO时钟频率最接近数据的校准码 率。

公开(公告)号：US20120313715A1

公开(公告)日：2012-12-13

申请号：US13158121

申请日：2011-06-10

Applicant: Mahyar Kargar ,  Siavash Fallahi ,  Namik Kocaman ,  Mehdi Khanpour ,  Afshin Momtaz

Inventor： Mahyar Kargar ,  Siavash Fallahi ,  Namik Kocaman ,  Mehdi Khanpour ,  Afshin Momtaz

IPC: H03L7/00 ,  G01R23/02

CPC classification number: G01R23/02 ,  G01R23/15 ,  G01R25/00 ,  H03D13/00 ,  H03L7/00 ,  H03L7/0807 ,  H03L7/091 ,  H03L7/113 ,  H03L2207/06

Abstract: Embodiments provide a reference-less frequency detector that overcomes the “dead zone” problem of conventional circuits. In particular, the frequency detector is able to accurately resolve the polarity of the frequency difference between the VCO clock signal and the data signal, irrespective of the magnitude of the frequency difference and the presence of VCO clock jitter and/or ISI on the data signal.

Abstract translation: 实施例提供了一种克服常规电路的死区问题的无参考频率检测器。 特别地，频率检测器能够精确地解决VCO时钟信号和数据信号之间的频率差的极性，而不管频率差的大小和数据信号上是否存在VCO时钟抖动和/或ISI 。

公开(公告)号：US08280035B2

公开(公告)日：2012-10-02

申请号：US12277981

申请日：2008-11-25

Applicant: Siavash Fallahi ,  Lin Able Chu

Inventor： Siavash Fallahi ,  Lin Able Chu

IPC: H03K17/04 ,  H04M9/00

CPC classification number: H03H7/06 ,  H03H7/075 ,  H03H7/1758 ,  H03H7/38 ,  H03H7/425 ,  H04M1/2535 ,  Y10S379/90 ,  Y10T307/832

Abstract: An Internet Protocol (IP) telephone has a constant impedance filter that is capable of being continuously attached to the physical layer of a computer chip in the IP telephone. The constant impedance filter is located outside the physical layer and is connected to a relay on the physical layer. The relay is configured using native FET devices, which are normally conductive without a supply voltage. Therefore, the relay is capable of operating during the discovery mode of IP telephone operation, where no power is applied to the substrate. Rectifier circuits rectify an incoming signal during discovery mode, and apply the rectified signal to the gate of the relay to improve conductivity of the relay. This allows for faster detection of the IP telephone during discovery mode. During normal operation mode, voltage is applied to the physical layer, and the relay is opened by grounding the native devices. Also, during the normal operation mode, any signal coming from the constant impedance filter is terminated in a switchable termination resistor that is also disposed on the physical layer.

Abstract translation: 互联网协议（IP）电话具有恒定阻抗滤波器，其能够连续地附着到IP电话中的计算机芯片的物理层。 恒定阻抗滤波器位于物理层外部，并连接到物理层上的继电器。 继电器使用天然FET器件进行配置，该器件通常在没有电源电压的情况下导通。 因此，继电器能够在IP电话操作的发现模式下操作，其中没有电力施加到基板。 整流电路在发现模式下对输入信号进行整流，并将整流信号施加到继电器的门，以提高继电器的导通性。 这允许在发现模式期间更快地检测IP电话。 在正常工作模式下，电压施加到物理层，继电器通过对本机进行接地而打开。 此外，在正常操作模式期间，来自恒定阻抗滤波器的任何信号终止于也设置在物理层上的可切换终端电阻器中。

公开(公告)号：US07505580B2

公开(公告)日：2009-03-17

申请号：US10028781

申请日：2001-12-28

Applicant: Siavash Fallahi ,  Lin Able Chu

Inventor： Siavash Fallahi ,  Lin Able Chu

IPC: H04M7/04

CPC classification number: H03H7/06 ,  H03H7/075 ,  H03H7/1758 ,  H03H7/38 ,  H03H7/425 ,  H04M1/2535 ,  Y10S379/90 ,  Y10T307/832

Abstract: An Internet Protocol (IP) telephone has a constant impedance filter that is capable of being continuously attached to the physical layer of a computer chip in the IP telephone. The constant impedance filter is located outside the physical layer and is connected to a relay on the physical layer. The relay is configured using native FET devices, which are normally conductive without a supply voltage. Therefore, the relay is capable of operating during the discovery mode of IP telephone operation, where no power is applied to the substrate. Rectifier circuits rectify an incoming signal during discovery mode, and apply the rectified signal to the gate of the relay to improve conductivity of the relay. This allows for faster detection of the IP telephone during discovery mode. During normal operation mode, voltage is applied to the physical layer, and the relay is opened by grounding the native devices. Also, during the normal operation mode, any signal coming from the constant impedance filter is terminated in a switchable termination resistor that is also disposed on the physical layer.

公开(公告)号：US20070280471A1

公开(公告)日：2007-12-06

申请号：US11495677

申请日：2006-07-31

Applicant: Siavash Fallahi ,  Kevin Brown

Inventor： Siavash Fallahi ,  Kevin Brown

IPC: H04M1/00 ,  H04M9/00

CPC classification number: H04L12/10 ,  H04B3/30 ,  H04B3/44 ,  H04L25/0266

Abstract: A method and apparatus that minimizes saturation caused by power transfer in a communication system transformer, such as a transformer found in a Power-over-Ethernet system. A magnetic flux imbalance causing saturation in the transformer is detected. A compensation current is injected into a winding to minimize the magnetic flux imbalance and saturation.

Abstract translation: 一种使通信系统变压器（例如在以太网供电系统中发现的变压器）中的功率传递引起的饱和度最小化的方法和装置。 检测变压器饱和的磁通不平衡。 将补偿电流注入到绕组中以最小化磁通不平衡和饱和度。