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    Oscillatory motion based measurement method and sensor for measuring wall shear stress due to fluid flow
    3.
    发明授权
    Oscillatory motion based measurement method and sensor for measuring wall shear stress due to fluid flow 失效
    基于振荡运动的测量方法和用于测量由于流体流动导致的壁剪切应力的传感器

    公开(公告)号：US07418876B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-09-02

    申请号：US10557999

    申请日：2004-05-20

    申请人： William D. Armstrong ,  Jonathan Naughton ,  William R. Lindberg

    发明人： William D. Armstrong ,  Jonathan Naughton ,  William R. Lindberg

    IPC分类号： G01N3/24

    CPC分类号： G01N3/24 ,  G01N13/02 ,  G01N2013/0216 ,  G01N2203/0005 ,  G01N2203/0025

    摘要： A shear stress sensor for measuring fluid wall shear stress on a test surface is provided. The wall shear stress sensor is comprised of an active sensing surface and a sensor body. An elastic mechanism mounted between the active sensing surface and the sensor body allows movement between the active sensing surface and the sensor body. A driving mechanism forces the shear stress sensor to oscillate. A measuring mechanism measures displacement of the active sensing surface relative to the sensor body. The sensor may be operated under periodic excitation where changes in the nature of the fluid properties or the fluid flow over the sensor measurably changes the amplitude or phase of the motion of the active sensing surface, or changes the force and power required from a control system in order to maintain constant motion. The device may be operated under non-periodic excitation where changes in the nature of the fluid properties or the fluid flow over the sensor change the transient motion of the active sensor surface or change the force and power required from a control system to maintain a specified transient motion of the active sensor surface.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于测量测试表面上的流体壁剪切应力的剪切应力传感器。 壁剪切应力传感器由主动感测表面和传感器体构成。 安装在主动感测表面和传感器主体之间的弹性机构允许主动感测表面和传感器主体之间的移动。 驱动机构迫使剪切应力传感器振荡。 测量机构测量主动感测表面相对于传感器主体的位移。 传感器可以在周期性激励下操作，其中流体特性的性质或传感器上的流体流动的变化可测量地改变主动感测表面的运动的幅度或相位，或者改变控制系统所需的力和功率 以保持恒定运动。 该装置可以在非周期性激励下操作，其中流体性质的性质或者传感器上的流体流动的变化改变了主动传感器表面的瞬态运动，或改变了从控制系统所需的力和功率，以维持指定的 有源传感器表面的瞬态运动。

    Stilt system
    4.
    发明授权
    Stilt system 失效
    高跷系统

    公开(公告)号：US5645515A

    公开(公告)日：1997-07-08

    申请号：US504378

    申请日：1995-07-19

    申请人： William D. Armstrong ,  Joe Lin

    发明人： William D. Armstrong ,  Joe Lin

    IPC分类号： A63B25/00 ,  A63B25/02

    CPC分类号： A63B25/00

    摘要： An improved spring-loaded parallelogram stilt. An improved leg support attachment is provided in which the leg support is attached by a capturing bracket to the rearward vertical support. A nut and bolt pass through the capturing bracket, the bottom of the leg support and through a plastic block captured within the inside of the hollow tubular vertical leg support. A yoke structure is provided at the shoe platform level for providing further connection and adjustable support for the leg support. The yoke structure is of two pieces which surround the tubular leg support and has an inner surface made of a resilient material. The yoke structure is slidably engaged with a slot in a bracket attached to the outside of the shoe platform. The lower leg support attachment employing the capturing bracket and the yoke structure serve to prevent the leg support from accidentally becoming detached from the stilt. Improved straps are also provided, made of a suitable belt or strap material and have on the surface of the straps or belts hook and loop fastening material. The hook and loop fastening material is arranged on the surface of the straps such that multiple folds of the material create a firm, yet readily adjusted and released, attachment of the straps. This is achieved by having one flap of the strap having loop fastening material on both sides. The remaining surfaces of the strap are covered with hook fastening material. A gap or space is provided between the different fastening material patches so that fold lines are created in which a fastening buckle is engaged. The length of the strap is adjusted using an adjustment buckle.

    摘要翻译： 一个改进的弹簧加载平行四边形高跷。 提供了一种改进的腿支撑附件，其中腿支撑件通过捕获支架附接到后垂直支撑件。 螺母和螺栓穿过捕获支架，腿的底部支撑并穿过中空管状垂直腿支撑件内部的塑料块。 轭架结构设置在鞋平台上，用于为脚支撑提供进一步的连接和可调支撑。 轭结构是包围管状腿部支撑件的两个部件，并且具有由弹性材料制成的内表面。 轭结构可滑动地与固定在鞋平台外侧的托架中的狭槽接合。 使用捕获支架和轭结构的小腿支撑附件用于防止腿部支撑件意外地从高跷脱离。 还提供了改进的带子，由合适的带或带材料制成，并且在带或带的钩和环紧固材料的表面上具有。 钩和环紧固材料布置在带的表面上，使得材料的多个褶皱产生牢固且易于调节和释放的带的附着。 这通过在两侧具有环紧固材料的带的一个翼片来实现。 带子的其余表面用钩紧固材料覆盖。 在不同的紧固材料贴片之间设置有间隙或空间，从而产生折叠线，紧固带扣在其中。 使用调节扣来调节带的长度。

    Self-powered fastener system
    5.
    发明授权
    Self-powered fastener system 失效

    公开(公告)号：US5497929A

    公开(公告)日：1996-03-12

    申请号：US450882

    申请日：1995-05-26

    申请人： William D. Armstrong

    发明人： William D. Armstrong

    IPC分类号： B25C1/02 ,  B25C1/08 ,  B25C1/16 ,  B25C1/10

    CPC分类号： B25C1/082 ,  B25C1/16 ,  Y10S411/923

    摘要： A zero stand-off tool and system for driving a powered fastener into a target work surface. A tool is provided having a reciprocable firing pin for detonating a power charge in a powered fastener supported within the tool. An exhaust gas chamber is provided in the tool for reducing noise. A powered fastener is provided having a receptacle end in which a nitrocellulose composition charge is mounted. The receptacle end has a cylindrical portion and a conical portion. The cooperation of the target work surface, the pointed end of the fastener, the fastener support portion of the tool, the firing pin and the shape of the receptacle end of the fastener serve to detonate the power charge and drive the fastener into the work surface.

    Self-powered fastener system
    6.
    发明授权
    Self-powered fastener system 失效
    自供应的紧固件系统

    公开(公告)号：US5423469A

    公开(公告)日：1995-06-13

    申请号：US147577

    申请日：1993-11-05

    申请人： William D. Armstrong

    发明人： William D. Armstrong

    IPC分类号： B25C1/02 ,  B25C1/08 ,  B25C1/16 ,  B25C1/10

    CPC分类号： B25C1/082 ,  B25C1/16 ,  Y10S411/923

    摘要： A zero stand-off tool and system for driving a powered fastener into a target work surface. A tool is provided having a reciprocable firing pin for detonating a power charge in a powered fastener supported within the tool. An exhaust gas chamber is provided in the tool for reducing noise. A powered fastener is provided having a receptacle end in which a nitrocellulose composition charge is mounted. The receptacle end has a cylindrical portion and a conical portion. The cooperation of the target work surface, the pointed end of the fastener, the fastener support portion of the tool, the firing pin and the shape of the receptacle end of the fastener serve to detonate the power charge and drive the fastener into the work surface.

    摘要翻译： 用于将动力紧固件驱动到目标工作表面的零间隔工具和系统。 提供一种工具，其具有往复式击发销，用于引爆支撑在工具内的动力紧固件中的动力装料。 在工具中设有排气室以减少噪音。 提供动力的紧固件，其具有其中安装有硝化纤维素组合物装料的容器端。 容器端部具有圆筒形部分和锥形部分。 目标工作表面，紧固件的尖端，工具的紧固件支撑部分，击发销和紧固件的接收端的形状的协作用于引爆电源并将紧固件驱动到工作表面中 。

    Process for preparing silver catalysts
    7.
    发明授权
    Process for preparing silver catalysts 失效
    制备银催化剂的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4864042A

    公开(公告)日：1989-09-05

    申请号：US9323

    申请日：1987-01-30

    申请人： William D. Armstrong

    发明人： William D. Armstrong

    IPC分类号： B01J23/50 ,  B01J23/66 ,  C07D301/10

    CPC分类号： C07D301/10 ,  B01J23/50 ,  B01J23/66

    摘要： A supported silver catalyst for the oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide with molecular oxygen is made by impregnating a support with a hydrocarbon solution of a silver salt of a neo-acid having 7 or more carbon atoms, substantially free of water and said neo-acid. Preferably, the hydrocarbon solvent is toluene, xylene, ethyl benzene, cyclohexane, or cumene. The impregnated support is dried and the silver is activated under conditions chosen to provide the optimum selectivity to ethylene oxide. Thereafter, the activated silver catalyst maybe impregnated with an alkali metal solution sufficient to increase selectivity of the silver catalyst above its alkali-free state. The amount of alkali metal on the finished catalyst is the optimum for the particular support selected and preferably will be about 1-6.times.10.sup.-3 gew/kg of catalyst. The catalyst may also include additional promoters, such as the alkaline earth metals, preferbly barium.

    摘要翻译： 用分子氧将乙烯氧化成环氧乙烷的负载型银催化剂通过用具有7个或更多个碳原子的新酸的银盐的烃溶液浸渍载体，基本上不含水和所述新酸 。 优选地，烃溶剂是甲苯，二甲苯，乙苯，环己烷或枯烯。 将浸渍的载体干燥，并在选择为提供对环氧乙烷的最佳选择性的条件下活化银。 此后，活化的银催化剂可以用足以提高银催化剂高于其无碱状态的选择性的碱金属溶液浸渍。 成品催化剂上的碱金属的量对于所选择的特定载体是最佳的，优选为约1-6×10 -3 gew / kg催化剂。 催化剂还可以包括另外的助催化剂，例如碱土金属，优选钡。

    Process for preparing silver catalysts
    8.
    发明授权
    Process for preparing silver catalysts 失效
    制备银催化剂的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4555501A

    公开(公告)日：1985-11-26

    申请号：US610229

    申请日：1984-05-14

    申请人： William D. Armstrong

    发明人： William D. Armstrong

    IPC分类号： C07D301/04 ,  B01J23/50 ,  B01J23/66 ,  B01J37/02 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07D301/10 ,  C07D303/04 ,  B01J29/00 ,  B01J23/02 ,  B01J31/12

    CPC分类号： B01J23/66 ,  B01J23/50 ,  C07D301/10

    摘要： A supported silver catalyst for the oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide with molecular oxygen is made by impregnating a support with a hydrocarbon solution of a silver salt of a neo-acid having 7 or more carbon atoms, substantially free of water and said neo-acid. Preferably, the hydrocarbon solvent is toluene, xylene, ethyl benzene, cyclohexane, or cumene. The impregnated support is dried and the silver is activated under conditions chosen to provide the optimum selectivity to ethylene oxide. Thereafter, the activated silver catalyst may be impregnated with an alkali metal solution sufficient to increase selectivity of the silver catalyst above its alkali-free state. The amount of alkali metal on the finished catalyst is the optimum for the particular support selected and preferably will be about 1-6.times.10.sup.-3 gew/kg of catalyst. The catalyst may also include additional promoters, such as the alkaline earth metals, preferably barium.

    摘要翻译： 用分子氧将乙烯氧化成环氧乙烷的负载型银催化剂是通过用具有7个或更多个碳原子的新酸的银盐的烃溶液浸渍载体，基本上不含水和所述新酸 。 优选地，烃溶剂是甲苯，二甲苯，乙苯，环己烷或枯烯。 将浸渍的载体干燥，并在选择为提供对环氧乙烷的最佳选择性的条件下活化银。 此后，活化的银催化剂可以用足以提高银催化剂高于其无碱状态的选择性的碱金属溶液浸渍。 成品催化剂上的碱金属的量对于所选择的特定载体是最佳的，优选为约1-6×10 -3 gew / kg催化剂。 催化剂还可以包括另外的助催化剂，例如碱土金属，优选钡。