摘要:
A solar cell is provided and includes a front contact, a first conductive type layer, an intrinsic (I) layer, a second conductive type layer, and a back contact. The first conductive type layer is a material layer of low refractive index which has a refractive index lower than 3. The material layer with low refractive index was used to increase light transmittance of the solar cell and decrease reflection which occurs at interfaces in the solar cell, and thus the solar cell has an optimum sunlight utility rate. Therefore, the solar cell has a large short circuit current (Jsc) and high efficiency.
摘要:
A phase-change memory comprises a bottom electrode formed on a substrate. A first isolation layer is formed on the bottom electrode. A top electrode is formed on the isolation layer. A first phase-change material is formed in the first isolation layer, wherein the top electrode and the bottom electrode are electrically connected via the first phase-change material. Since the phase-change material can have a diameter less than the resolution limit of the photolithography process, an operating current for a state conversion of the phase-change material pattern may be reduced so as to decrease a power dissipation of the phase-change memory device.
摘要:
A lateral phase change memory with spacer electrodes and method of manufacturing the same are provided. The memory is formed by connecting the conductive electrodes with lower resistivity and the spacer electrodes with higher resistivity, and filling the phase change material between the spacer electrodes. Therefore, the area that the phase change material contacts the spacer electrodes and the volume of the phase change material can be reduced; thereby the programming current and power consumption of the phase change memory are reduced.
摘要:
A solar cell testing apparatus including a stage, a movable chuck, a light source and a plurality of probes is provided. The movable chuck is disposed on the stage and capable of carrying a sample sheet to move. The sample sheet has a light incident side, a rear side opposite to the light incident side, and a plurality of electrodes disposed on the rear side. The light source is disposed above the stage and capable of providing testing light to the light incident side of the sample sheet. The probes are located on the rear side of the sample sheet and capable of contacting the electrodes of the sample sheet. The present invention not only can be used to test a substrate type solar cell, but also can be used to test a superstrate type solar cell.
摘要:
A phase-change memory comprises a bottom electrode formed on a substrate. A first isolation layer is formed on the bottom electrode. A top electrode is formed on the isolation layer. A first phase-change material is formed in the first isolation layer, wherein the top electrode and the bottom electrode are electrically connected via the first phase-change material. Since the phase-change material can have a diameter less than the resolution limit of the photolithography process, an operating current for a state conversion of the phase-change material pattern may be reduced so as to decrease a power dissipation of the phase-change memory device.
摘要:
A phase change memory device is provided. The phase change memory device comprises a substrate. An electrode layer is on the substrate. A phase change memory structure is on the electrode layer and electrically connected to the electrode layer, wherein the phase change memory structure comprises a cup-shaped heating electrode on the electrode layer. An insulating layer is on the cup-shaped heating electrode along a first direction covering a portion of the cup-shaped heating electrode. An electrode structure is on the cup-shaped heating electrode along a second direction covering a portion of the insulating layer and the cup-shaped heating electrode. A pair of double spacers is on a pair of sidewalls of the electrode structure covering a portion of the cup-shaped heating electrode, wherein the double spacer comprises a phase change material spacer and an insulating material spacer on a sidewall of the phase change material spacer.
摘要:
A phase-change memory comprises a bottom electrode formed on a substrate. A first isolation layer is formed on the bottom electrode. A top electrode is formed on the isolation layer. A first phase-change material is formed in the first isolation layer, wherein the top electrode and the bottom electrode are electrically connected via the first phase-change material. Since the phase-change material can have a diameter less than the resolution limit of the photolithography process, an operating current for a state conversion of the phase-change material pattern may be reduced so as to decrease a power dissipation of the phase-change memory device.
摘要:
The invention provides a phase change memory device comprising a stacked structure disposed on a substrate. The stacked structure comprises a first electrode, a second electrode overlying the first electrode and an insulating layer interposed between the first and the second electrodes. A memory spacer is formed on part of the sidewall of the stacked structure to contact the first electrode, the insulating layer and the second electrode.
摘要:
In an LCD source driver, to enhance the ESD performance thereof, there is provided a path in a device area penetrating thereacross such that an internal power wire or an internal ground wire to connect between an output pad and a power-rail ESD clamp circuit on two margins, respectively, of the LCD source driver could pass through the path to shorten the internal power wire or the internal ground wire and thereby to avoid chip area increase for the ESD mechanism.
摘要:
The present invention is applied to a liquid crystal display (LCD) having a big size so that the LCD can be used with saved energy, small amplitude and low electromagnetic interference.