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公开(公告)号：US6027754A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-22
申请号：US107114
申请日：1998-06-30
CPC分类号： A23L3/32
摘要： A deactivation approach for deactivating microorganisms in a high-strength-electric field treatment system, can be characterized as an apparatus for reducing microorganism levels in products. The apparatus has an inlet tube of substantially uniform cross-sectional area extending from a distance before a treatment zone to at least into the treatment zone; a substantially ogival electrode nose positioned in the treatment zone; and an outer electrode forming an interior of the inlet tube in the treatment zone. The treatment system can be employed in a method having steps of flowing the product through an inlet tube of substantially uniform cross-sectional area extending from a distance before a treatment zone to at least into the treatment zone; flowing the product between a substantially ogival electrode nose positioned in the treatment zone, and an outer electrode forming an interior of the inlet tube in the treatment zone; and applying at least one high strength electric field pulse to the product during transit through the treatment zone.
摘要翻译： 用于在高强度电场处理系统中去活微生物的失活方法可以被表征为用于降低产品中的微生物水平的装置。 该设备具有从处理区域之间的距离至少进入处理区域的基本上均匀的横截面积的入口管; 位于治疗区域中的基本上是漂浮的电极鼻; 以及在处理区中形成入口管内部的外电极。 该处理系统可以用于一种方法，该方法具有使产品流过从处理区域之间的距离至少进入处理区域的基本上均匀横截面积的入口管的步骤; 使产品在位于处理区域中的基本上流动的电极鼻和在处理区中形成入口管内部的外电极之间流动; 以及在通过处理区域的过境期间，将至少一个高强度电场脉冲应用于产品。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5447733A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-05
申请号：US354233
申请日：1994-12-08
IPC分类号： A23L3/32
摘要： Microorganisms are deactivated in a food product using an electrode placed into electrical contact with the food product. A current signal is applied to the electrode during a specified time period, causing a deactivating charge to build up on the first electrode. An electrical field results from the deactivating charge having an electric field strength of at least 5,000 volts/cm. Substantially all of a residual charge is removed from the first electrode during a discharge period, such that an approximately zero net charge is delivered to the first electrode following the discharge period, thereby reducing electrophoretic side-effects. The current signal causes an electrical double layer at the electrode to charge to a prescribed voltage. One embodiment, the prescribed voltage does not exceed a reaction voltage of a prescribed reacting material species for more than a prescribed threshold period, thereby reducing electrochemical reactions within the food product.
摘要翻译： 使用与食品电气接触的电极在食品中使微生物失活。 电流信号在规定的时间内被施加到电极，导致在第一电极上形成去激活电荷。 电场的电场强度至少为5000伏/厘米，导致电场产生。 在放电期间，基本上所有的剩余电荷都从第一电极去除，使得在放电周期之后将大约零的净电荷输送到第一电极，从而降低电泳副作用。 电流信号使电极处的双电层充电到规定的电压。 一个实施方案中，规定的电压不超过规定的反应物质的反应电压超过规定的阈值时间，从而减少食品内的电化学反应。
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3.发明授权High-strength-electric-field pumpable-food-product treatment in a serial-electrode treatment cell 失效串联电极处理电池中的高强度电场可泵送 - 食品处理
公开(公告)号：US06110423A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-29
申请号：US20266
申请日：1998-02-06
CPC分类号： A23L3/32 , A61L2/0011 , A61L2/02 , C02F1/48 , C02F2303/04 , Y10S99/14
摘要： A system for deactivating organisms in a food product employs a first electrode; an insulator section coupled to the first electrode, wherein the insulator section includes an insulator pinch, an opening, and a transition region interposed thereinbetween, and wherein the opening has a larger cross-sectional area than the insulator pinch, the insulator section including a cavity, passing through the insulator pinch, the transition region, and the opening, wherein the food product is contained during deactivating of organisms; and a second electrode coupled to the insulator section, wherein the first electrode is positioned on a first side of the insulator pinch, and the second electrode is positioned on a second side of the insulator pinch, whereby an electric field formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, when a voltage is applied across the first electrode and the second electrode, passes through the insulator pinch.
摘要翻译： 用于使食品中生物体失活的系统采用第一电极; 绝缘体部分，其耦合到所述第一电极，其中所述绝缘体部分包括绝缘体夹紧，开口和介于其间的过渡区域，并且其中所述开口具有比所述绝缘体夹持件更大的横截面面积，所述绝缘体部分包括空腔 穿过绝缘体夹紧，过渡区域和开口，其中在生物体失活期间包含食品; 以及耦合到所述绝缘体部分的第二电极，其中所述第一电极位于所述绝缘体夹持件的第一侧上，并且所述第二电极位于所述绝缘体夹紧的第二侧上，由此形成在所述第一电极和 当跨越第一电极和第二电极施加电压时，第二电极通过绝缘体挤压。
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4.发明授权Process for reducing levels of microorganisms in pumpable food products using a high pulsed voltage system 失效使用高脉冲电压系统降低可泵送食品中微生物含量的方法
公开(公告)号：US5514391A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-07
申请号：US481849
申请日：1995-06-07
CPC分类号： A23L3/005 , A23L3/22 , A23L3/32 , C02F1/48 , C02F2103/003 , C02F2303/04
摘要： The present invention is directed to methods and apparatuses for preserving fluid foodstuffs. More particularly, it is directed to methods and apparatuses for extending the shelf life of perishable fluid foodstuffs such as dairy products, fruit juices and liquid egg products, which contain significant levels of microorganisms. The improved methods and apparatuses incorporate a plurality of electric field treatment zones with cooling units between each pair of treatment zones in order to maintain the temperature of the pumpable foodstuff at a level at which microorganisms are killed in sufficient numbers and at which changes in the flavor, appearance, odor, or functionality of the foodstuff remain within acceptable ranges. For a comparable microorganism kill, foodstuffs prepared by the present process have significantly higher quality than foodstuffs prepared with standard thermal processes (e.g., ultra-high temperature pasteurization).
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于保存流体食品的方法和装置。 更具体地，涉及用于延长含有显着水平微生物的易腐食品如乳制品，果汁和液体蛋制品的保质期的方法和装置。 改进的方法和装置包括多个电场处理区域，每个处理区域之间具有冷却单元，以便将可泵送食品的温度保持在足够数量的杀死微生物的水平，并且其中的风味变化 ，食品的外观，气味或功能保持在可接受的范围内。 对于相当的微生物杀灭，通过本方法制备的食品比用标准热处理（例如超高温巴氏消毒）制备的食品具有显着更高的质量。
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5.发明授权Prevention of electrode fouling in high electric field systems for killing microorganisms in food products 失效防止高电场系统中的电极污染，杀死食品中的微生物
公开(公告)号：US5393541A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-28
申请号：US178745
申请日：1994-01-06
IPC分类号： A23L3/32
摘要： Microorganisms are killed in a food product using an electrode placed into electrical contact with the food product, a charge supply circuit, a switch that selectively couples the charge supply circuit to the electrode, and a controller. The switch first configures the charge supply circuit so as to deliver a charge to the electrode when the switch assumes a first state, and next configures the charge supply circuit so as to absorb the charge from the electrode when the switch assumes a second state. As a result, a net charge delivered to the electrode is substantially zero. The controller controls the switch to sequentially assume the first and second states. The delivery of the zero net charge prevents the fouling of the electrode.
摘要翻译： 微生物在食品中被杀死，使用与食品电接触的电极，充电供应电路，选择性地将电荷供应电路连接到电极的开关和控制器。 开关首先配置充电电路，以便当开关处于第一状态时向电极输送电荷，接下来构成充电电路，以便当开关处于第二状态时从电极吸收电荷。 结果，输送到电极的净电荷基本为零。 控制器控制开关顺序地呈现第一和第二状态。 零净电荷的传送可防止电极结垢。
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公开(公告)号：US5900211A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-04
申请号：US741560
申请日：1996-10-31
IPC分类号： A23L3/26 , A61L2/08 , C02F1/32 , H01R13/621 , H01R13/639 , A61L2/00
CPC分类号： H01R13/639 , A23L3/26 , A61L2/08 , C02F1/32 , C02F1/325 , A61L2202/24 , C02F2201/3223 , C02F2201/3227 , C02F2201/3228 , C02F2201/328 , H01R13/6215
摘要： A method of deactivating microorganisms in food products, packaging material, water, air, and other products involves illuminating the microorganisms using at least one short-duration, high-intensity pulse of broad-spectrum polychromatic light. In variations of this embodiment, the light has an intensity of at least 0.1 J/cm.sup.2, the pulse duration is from between about 10 nanoseconds and 10 milliseconds, and/or at least 50% of the at least one pulse's energy is transmitted in light having wavelength from between about 170 and 2600 nanometers. Advantageously, the microorganisms may be Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts, Bacillus pumilus spores or poliovirus.
摘要翻译： 食品，包装材料，水，空气和其他产品中的微生物失活的方法包括使用至少一种具有广谱多色光的短持续时间，高强度脉冲来照射微生物。 在该实施例的变型中，光具有至少0.1J / cm 2的强度，脉冲持续时间在约10纳秒至10毫秒之间，和/或至少一个脉冲的能量的至少50％在光中透射 具有约170和2600纳米之间的波长。 有利地，微生物可以是隐孢子虫卵囊，短小芽孢杆菌孢子或脊髓灰质炎病毒。
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7.发明授权Method and apparatus utilizing microwaves to enhance electrode arc lamp emission spectra 失效利用微波加强电极弧光发射光谱的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6087783A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-11
申请号：US19392
申请日：1998-02-03
CPC分类号： H01J65/044 , H01J61/80
摘要： A system and method for operating a dual electrode flashlamp. The method employs steps of applying an electrical potential between a pair of electrodes of the dual electrode flashlamp; and irradiating a region behind one of said electrodes with microwave energy. The system has a flashlamp bulb; a first electrode positioned at one end of the flashlamp bulb; a second electrode positioned at another end of the flashlamp bulb; and a microwave energy source positioned to direct microwave energy at the flashlamp bulb.
摘要翻译： 一种用于操作双电极闪光灯的系统和方法。 该方法采用在双电极闪光灯的一对电极之间施加电位的步骤; 以及用微波能量照射所述电极之一的区域。 该系统有闪光灯泡; 位于闪光灯泡的一端的第一电极; 位于闪光灯泡的另一端的第二电极; 以及定位成在闪光灯灯泡处引导微波能量的微波能量源。
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8.发明授权High pulsed voltage systems for extending the shelf life of pumpable food products 失效高脉冲电压系统，可延长可泵送食品的保质期
公开(公告)号：US5235905A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-17
申请号：US894105
申请日：1992-06-05
CPC分类号： A23C3/00 , A23C3/0335 , A23L2/48 , A23L3/005 , A23L3/22 , A23L3/32 , C02F1/48 , C02F1/46 , C02F1/4608 , C02F2201/46175 , C02F2303/04 , Y10S99/14
摘要： The present invention is directed to methods and apparatus for preserving fluid foodstuffs, and more particularly, is directed to such methods and apparatus for extending the shelf life of perishable fluid foodstuffs such as dairy products, fruit juices and liquid egg products, which are growth media for microorganisms. The present invention is also directed to preserved liquid foodstuffs which have extended shelf life.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于保存流体食品的方法和装置，更具体地，涉及用于延长易腐食品如乳制品，果汁和液体蛋制品等易腐食品的保存期限的方法和装置，其为生长培养基 用于微生物。 本发明还涉及具有延长保质期的保鲜液体食品。
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公开(公告)号：US06849233B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-01
申请号：US09794594
申请日：2001-02-26
CPC分类号： A61L2/084 , A61L2/10 , A61L2/26 , A61L2202/122
摘要： A vacuum-sealable hatch that is vacuum sealed to a surface of a passthrough light sterilization device, and related methods of use, consists of a hatch body having at least a portion adapted to fit within an opening of the treatment chamber and a flexible piece attached to the hatch body. The flexible piece extends peripherally from the hatch body and includes a seating portion which is adapted to be vacuum sealed to a seating region of an interior surface of the treatment chamber. The hatch body and the flexible piece seal the treatment chamber from the outside environment, thereby preventing the free flow of microorganisms to and from the treatment chamber and the outside environment. In some variations, at least the seating portion of the flexible piece is transmissive to the light treatment such that surfaces underneath the seating region are treated by the light treatment.
摘要翻译： 真空密封的真空密封到通过光灭菌装置的表面的真空密封的舱口和相关的使用方法由具有适于装配在处理室的开口内的至少一部分的一个舱口主体和附接的柔性件 到舱口体。 柔性件从舱口本体周向延伸并且包括一个安置部分，其适于被真空密封到处理室的内表面的就座区域。 舱口本体和柔性件将处理室与外部环境密封，从而防止微生物自由流入处理室和外部环境。 在一些变型中，至少柔性件的安置部分对光处理是透射的，使得通过光处理来处理就座区域下方的表面。
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公开(公告)号：US06730923B1
公开(公告)日：2004-05-04
申请号：US09565835
申请日：2000-05-05
申请人： Richard May , Andrew H. Bushnell , William Fries
发明人： Richard May , Andrew H. Bushnell , William Fries
IPC分类号： A21D600
CPC分类号： A61L2/10
摘要： An apparatus for carrying a target object having a plurality of surfaces, within a pulsed light sterilization chamber including a treatment zone within which pulsed sterilizing light is emitted, comprises: a transmissive carrier within the treatment zone detachably coupled to the target object, the transmissive carrier having a transmissivity of at least about 10% to light within the 250 to 350 nm wavelength range; and moving means coupled to the transmissive carrier for moving the target object on the transmissive carrier through the treatment zone, the plurality of surfaces of the target object being sterilized by the pulsed sterilizing light in the treatment zone. A system for sterilizing a target object having a plurality of sides, comprises: a pulsed light sterilization chamber comprising a treatment zone and means for emitting pulsed sterilizing light within the treatment zone; a moving means; and a transmissive carrier within the treatment zone detachably coupled to the target object, and coupled to the moving means which moves the target object on the transmissive carrier through the treatment zone, the plurality of sides of the target object being sterilized by the pulsed sterilizing light through the treatment zone.
摘要翻译： 一种用于承载具有多个表面的目标物体的装置，包括：脉冲灭菌室，其包括在其中发射脉冲灭菌光的处理区域，所述处理区域包括：处理区域内的可拆卸地耦合到所述目标物体的透射载体，所述透射载体 对于250至350nm波长范围内的光具有至少约10％的透射率; 以及联接到所述透射载体的移动装置，用于通过所述处理区移动所述透射载体上的所述目标物体，所述目标物体的所述多个表面通过所述处理区域中的所述脉冲灭菌光灭菌。 一种用于对具有多个侧面的目标物体进行灭菌的系统，包括：脉冲光消毒室，包括处理区域和在处理区域内发射脉冲灭菌光的装置; 移动手段 以及可拆卸地联接到目标物体的处理区域内的透射载体，并且耦合到移动装置，其通过处理区域将目标物体移动在透射载体上，目标物体的多个侧面被脉冲杀菌灯灭菌 通过治疗区。
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