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    Automatic image segmentation using contour propagation
    4.
    发明授权
    Automatic image segmentation using contour propagation 有权
    使用轮廓传播的自动图像分割

    公开(公告)号：US08249345B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-08-21

    申请号：US12147997

    申请日：2008-06-27

    申请人： Min Wu ,  Louis K. Arata

    发明人： Min Wu ,  Louis K. Arata

    IPC分类号： G06K9/46

    CPC分类号： G06T7/149 ,  G06T7/12 ,  G06T2207/10072 ,  G06T2207/30004

    摘要： Described are computer-based methods and apparatuses, including computer program products, for automatic image segmentation using contour propagation. A path metric of a candidate piece of a contour in a cross-sectional image is calculated to generate a three dimensional model using a plurality of cross-sectional images of an object. Data indicative of the cross-sectional image is stored. A cost of each of a plurality of pixels associated with the candidate piece is calculated using the data, wherein the cost is representative of a likelihood the pixel is on the contour and the cost is based on one or more templates. An orientation change value is calculated for each of the plurality of pixels associated with the candidate piece based on an initial pixel of the candidate piece and the pixel. A ratio of pixels is calculated. The path metric of the candidate piece of the contour is stored, the value of the stored path metric being based on the calculated cost, the calculated orientation change value, and the calculated ratio.

    摘要翻译： 描述了基于计算机的方法和装置，包括用于使用轮廓传播的自动图像分割的计算机程序产品。 计算横截面图像中轮廓的候选片段的路径度量，以使用对象的多个横截面图像生成三维模型。 存储表示横截面图像的数据。 使用数据计算与候选片段相关联的多个像素中的每一个的成本，其中成本代表像素在轮廓上的可能性，并且成本基于一个或多个模板。 基于候选片段和像素的初始像素，针对与候选片段相关联的多个像素中的每个像素计算取向变化值。 计算像素的比例。 存储轮廓的候选片段的路径度量，存储路径度量的值基于计算出的成本，计算的取向变化值和计算的比率。

    Procedure for the simplification of triangular surface meshes for more efficient processing
    5.
    发明授权
    Procedure for the simplification of triangular surface meshes for more efficient processing 失效
    简化三角形表面网格以更有效处理的程序

    公开(公告)号：US5689577A

    公开(公告)日：1997-11-18

    申请号：US324419

    申请日：1994-10-14

    申请人： Louis K. Arata

    发明人： Louis K. Arata

    IPC分类号： A61B6/03 ,  A61B5/055 ,  G06T1/00 ,  G06T15/08 ,  G06T17/20

    CPC分类号： G06T17/20

    摘要： A volume image memory (24) stores an electronic image representation of a volumetric region, such as the volumetric region examinedby a medical diagnostic scanner (10). A sub-region of interest of the volume is selected (30) and the surface of the selected region or object of interest is divided into triangular surface regions with a triangular surface processor (38). A vertex merging processor (40) examines the triangles to locate vertices spaced by less than a preselected minimum. Vertices closer than the preselected minimum are replaced with a vertex at a median position merging the triangle into adjacent triangles. A vertex removal processor (50) identifies groups of triangles having a common vertex (V.sub.c) that form a pyramid. The surface normals (N) of the triangles which define the pyramid are examined to determine whether they are within a preselected deviation of parallel. The altitude of the pyramid, i.e., a distance between the common vertex and an average plane (P.sub.avg) of the triangles is compared with a preselected maximum height. Triangular groups which pass the surface normal and maximum height tests have their common vertex removed (72) and are retriangulated (74) to reduce the number of triangles by two. An image processor (84) converts the relative angles of viewing and illumination directions relative to the surface normal of each visible triangle into a corresponding image value, e.g. gray scale, for display on a video monitor (34).

    摘要翻译： 体积图像存储器（24）存储体积区域的电子图像表示，例如通过医疗诊断扫描仪（10）检查的体积区域。 选择体积的感兴趣的子区域（30），并且将所选择的区域或感兴趣对象的表面划分为具有三角形表面处理器（38）的三角形表面区域。 顶点合并处理器（40）检查三角形以定位间隔小于预选最小值的顶点。 比预选最小值更近的顶点由将三角形合并成相邻三角形的中间位置处的顶点替换。 顶点移除处理器（50）识别具有形成金字塔的公共顶点（Vc）的三角形组。 检查定义金字塔的三角形的表面法线（N），以确定它们是否在平行的预选偏差之内。 将金字塔的高度，即共同顶点与三角形的平均平面（Pavg）之间的距离与预选的最大高度进行比较。 通过表面正常和最大高度测试的三角形组具有删除的共同顶点（72），并且被重新划线（74）以将三角形数减少两个。 图像处理器（84）将观看和照明方向的相对角度相对于每个可见三角形的表面法线转换为相应的图像值，例如， 灰度级，用于在视频监视器上显示（34）。

    AUTOMATIC IMAGE SEGMENTATION USING CONTOUR PROPAGATION
    6.
    发明申请
    AUTOMATIC IMAGE SEGMENTATION USING CONTOUR PROPAGATION 有权
    使用轮廓传播的自动图像分割

    公开(公告)号：US20090324078A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-12-31

    申请号：US12147997

    申请日：2008-06-27

    申请人： Min Wu ,  Louis K. Arata

    发明人： Min Wu ,  Louis K. Arata

    IPC分类号： G06K9/46

    CPC分类号： G06T7/149 ,  G06T7/12 ,  G06T2207/10072 ,  G06T2207/30004

    摘要： Described are computer-based methods and apparatuses, including computer program products, for automatic image segmentation using contour propagation. A path metric of a candidate piece of a contour in a cross-sectional image is calculated to generate a three dimensional model using a plurality of cross-sectional images of an object. Data indicative of the cross-sectional image is stored. A cost of each of a plurality of pixels associated with the candidate piece is calculated using the data, wherein the cost is representative of a likelihood the pixel is on the contour and the cost is based on one or more templates. An orientation change value is calculated for each of the plurality of pixels associated with the candidate piece based on an initial pixel of the candidate piece and the pixel. A ratio of pixels is calculated. The path metric of the candidate piece of the contour is stored, the value of the stored path metric being based on the calculated cost, the calculated orientation change value, and the calculated ratio.

    摘要翻译： 描述了基于计算机的方法和装置，包括用于使用轮廓传播的自动图像分割的计算机程序产品。 计算横截面图像中轮廓的候选片段的路径度量，以使用对象的多个横截面图像生成三维模型。 存储表示横截面图像的数据。 使用数据计算与候选片段相关联的多个像素中的每一个的成本，其中成本代表像素在轮廓上的可能性，并且成本基于一个或多个模板。 基于候选片段和像素的初始像素，针对与候选片段相关联的多个像素中的每个像素计算取向变化值。 计算像素的比例。 存储轮廓的候选片段的路径度量，存储路径度量的值基于计算出的成本，计算的取向变化值和计算的比率。

    Contour triangulation system and method
    7.
    发明授权
    Contour triangulation system and method 有权
    等温三角测量系统及方法

    公开(公告)号：US07623702B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-11-24

    申请号：US11411951

    申请日：2006-04-27

    申请人： Louis K. Arata ,  Min Wu

    发明人： Louis K. Arata ,  Min Wu

    IPC分类号： G06K9/00

    CPC分类号： G06T17/20

    摘要： A method and apparatus for reconstructing a surface shape of an object having contour lines, includes assigning points to each contour line. A first triangulation scheme is performed with respect to respective points on two adjacently-positioned contour lines, to determine a first surface shape for a portion of the object corresponding to the two contour lines. The first surface shape is checked to determine if the first surface shape is in error. If the first surface shape is not in error, the first surface shape is outputted for the portion of the object as determined by the first triangulation scheme, as a reconstructed surface shape for that portion of the object. If the first surface shape is in error, a second triangulation scheme is performed with respect to the respective points on the two contour lines, to determine a second surface shape for that portion of the object, and the second surface shape is outputted for that portion of the object as determined by the second triangulation scheme, as a reconstructed surface shape.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于重建具有轮廓线的物体的表面形状的方法和装置，包括将点分配给每个轮廓线。 对于两个相邻位置的轮廓线上的各个点执行第一个三角测量方案，以确定对应于两条轮廓线的对象的一部分的第一表面形状。 检查第一表面形状以确定第一表面形状是否是错误的。 如果第一表面形状不是错误的，则对于由第一三角测量方案确定的对象的部分，输出第一表面形状作为对象的该部分的重建表面形状。 如果第一表面形状是错误的，则针对两个轮廓线上的各个点执行第二三角测量方案，以确定对象的该部分的第二表面形状，并且为该部分输出第二表面形状 由第二三角测量方案确定的物体作为重建的表面形状。

    Image guided interventional method and apparatus
    8.
    发明授权
    Image guided interventional method and apparatus 有权
    图像引导介入方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US07359746B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-04-15

    申请号：US10658110

    申请日：2003-09-09

    申请人： Louis K. Arata

    发明人： Louis K. Arata

    IPC分类号： A61B5/05

    CPC分类号： A61B6/5247 ,  A61B5/0555 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/0457 ,  A61B6/12 ,  A61B6/547 ,  A61B34/20 ,  A61B2017/00725 ,  A61B2034/107 ,  A61B2034/2055 ,  A61B2034/2072 ,  A61B2090/364 ,  A61B2090/3995

    摘要： In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, an image guided interventional system enables registration of a patient, preferably automatically and without an explicit patient registration step, to newly acquired images as the patient is moved out of the imager. Only one set of images has to be taken. The position of the needle or other instrument is tracked using a tracking system and its position continually displayed and updated with respect to the images. Therefore, there is no need to take additional images for purposes of tracking progress of an instrument being inserted into a patient. Avoiding additional scans saves time and reduces exposure of the patient to radiation.

    摘要翻译： 根据本发明的实施例，当患者从成像器移出时，图像引导的介入系统使得能够优选地自动注册患者，而不需要明确的患者登记步骤对新获取的图像。 只需要拍摄一组图像。 针或其他仪器的位置使用跟踪系统进行跟踪，并且其位置相对于图像不断显示和更新。 因此，为了跟踪插入到患者中的器械的进展情况，不需要额外的图像。 避免额外的扫描可以节省时间并减少病人暴露于辐射。

    Interpolation in transform space for multiple rigid object registration
    9.
    发明授权
    Interpolation in transform space for multiple rigid object registration 有权
    用于多个刚体对象注册的变换空间插值

    公开(公告)号：US06674916B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-01-06

    申请号：US09419949

    申请日：1999-10-18

    申请人： Bruce Van Deman ,  Louis K. Arata ,  Ruhul Quddus

    发明人： Bruce Van Deman ,  Louis K. Arata ,  Ruhul Quddus

    IPC分类号： G06K936

    CPC分类号： G06T3/0068 ,  G06T7/33 ,  G06T2207/30004

    摘要： A method of mapping a chosen point in real space to its corresponding location in image space includes obtaining a diagnostic medical image of a subject including multiple rigid objects, and individually computing separate transforms which register each of the rigid objects in real space with their corresponding locations in image space. After choosing a target point in real space, the target point is mapped to image space using a designated transform. A number of the rigid objects are selected which are closest to the target point in image space, and an interpolated transform is generated from the separate transforms which correspond to the selected rigid objects. The target point is re-mapped in image space using the interpolated transform, and the interpolated transform is set as the designated transform for subsequent mappings.

    摘要翻译： 将真实空间中的选定点映射到其在图像空间中的对应位置的方法包括获得包括多个刚性对象的对象的诊断医学图像，并且单独计算将实际空间中的每个刚性对象与其相应位置进行寄存的单独变换 在图像空间。 在实际空间中选择目标点后，使用指定的变换将目标点映射到图像空间。 选择最接近图像空间中的目标点的多个刚性对象，并且从对应于所选择的刚性对象的单独变换生成内插变换。 使用内插变换将目标点重新映射在图像空间中，并且将内插变换设置为用于后续映射的指定变换。

    Motion correction based on reprojection data
    10.
    发明授权
    Motion correction based on reprojection data 失效
    基于重投影数据的运动校正

    公开(公告)号：US5552605A

    公开(公告)日：1996-09-03

    申请号：US342122

    申请日：1994-11-18

    申请人： Louis K. Arata

    发明人： Louis K. Arata

    IPC分类号： G01T1/164 ,  G01T1/161 ,  G01T1/163

    CPC分类号： G01T1/1615 ,  G01T1/1648 ,  Y10S378/901

    摘要： A SPECT camera system has detector heads (14a, 14b, 14c) each having a collimator (18) facing toward an examination region (10). The detectors receive emission radiation from a radioisotope injected into a subject in the examination region and, preferably, also receive transmission radiation from a transmission source (20) disposed across the examination region. The detectors rotate around the subject through a plurality of projection angles. The detectors generate projection views from the received radiation for each projection angle. The projection views are stored in a projection view memory (26). A reconstruction processor (38) reconstructs the projection views into a volumetric image representation that is stored in a volumetric image memory (40). A reprojector (42) reprojects the volumetric image and volume of interest along each projection angle producing a set of reprojection views and regions of interest. A view comparator (50) compares each corresponding projection and reprojected view within the region of interest along a common projection direction. A translator (52) translates or offsets each projection view in accordance with the comparison to produce a corrected or shifted projection view. The corrected projection views are then reconstructed to produce a motion corrected volumetric image representation. This procedure may be iterated to optimize the motion correction.

    摘要翻译： SPECT摄像机系统具有检测器头（14a，14b，14c），每个检测器头具有面向检查区域（10）的准直器（18）。 检测器接收来自在检查区域中注入到受试者中的放射性同位素的发射辐射，并且优选地还接收来自跨越检查区域布置的传输源（20）的传输辐射。 检测器通过多个投影角围绕被摄体旋转。 检测器从每个投影角度接收的辐射产生投影视图。 投影视图被存储在投影视图存储器（26）中。 重建处理器（38）将投影视图重建为存储在体积图像存储器（40）中的体积图像表示。 重新投射器（42）重新投影每个投影角度的感兴趣的体积图像和体积，产生一组重新注视视图和感兴趣的区域。 视图比较器（50）沿着共同的投影方向比较感兴趣区域内的每个相应的投影和重新投影视图。 翻译器（52）根据比较平移或偏移每个投影视图，以产生校正或偏移的投影视图。 然后重建经校正的投影视图以产生运动校正的体积图像表示。 可以迭代该过程以优化运动校正。