公开(公告)号：US20110129068A1

公开(公告)日：2011-06-02

申请号：US12673510

申请日：2008-08-12

申请人： Astrid Lewalter ,  Rainer Pietig ,  Albert Langkamp ,  Heiko Richter ,  Thomas Behnisch ,  Werner Huffenbach ,  Rolf K.O. Behling ,  Christoph Bathe

发明人： Astrid Lewalter ,  Rainer Pietig ,  Albert Langkamp ,  Heiko Richter ,  Thomas Behnisch ,  Werner Huffenbach ,  Rolf K.O. Behling ,  Christoph Bathe

IPC分类号： H01J35/26 ,  H01J35/00

CPC分类号： H01J35/108 ,  H01J2235/081 ,  H01J2235/088 ,  H01J2235/1006

摘要： The present invention is related to high power X-ray sources, in particular to those ones that are equipped with rotating X-ray anodes capable of delivering a much higher short time peak power than conventional rotating X-ray anodes according to the prior art. The herewith proposed design principle thereby aims at overcoming thermal limitation of peak power by allowing extremely fast rotation of the anode and by introducing a lightweight material with high thermal conductivity (2) in the region adjacent to the focal track material (4). The extremely fast rotation is enabled by providing sections of the rotary anode disk made of anisotropic high specific strength materials with high thermal stability (1, 3, 6) which will be specifically adapted to the high stresses building up when the anode is operated, as for example fiber-reinforced ceramic materials. An X-ray system equipped with a high peak power anode according to the present invention will be capable of high speed image acquisition with high resolution and high coverage. Such a high-speed rotary anode disk can advantageously be applied in X-ray tubes for material inspection or medical radiography, for X-ray imaging applications which are needed for acquiring image data of moving objects in real-time, such as e.g. in the scope of cardiac CT, or for any other X-ray imaging application that requires high-speed image data acquisition. According to a further exemplary embodiment, the invention is directed to a rotary anode disk divided into distinct anode segments (10a, 10b) with adjacent anode segments which may e.g. be limited to each other by straight radial (14a) or S-shaped slits (14b) ranging from the inner anode bulk (1) to the inner radial edge of the anode disk's outer frame section (3). Other exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to a rotary anode disk structure design which comprises liquid metal conductors (16a) between the inner anode bulk (1) and a rotary shaft (12) needed for rotating the rotary anode disk about its rotational axis (5), said liquid metal conductors (16a) providing a liquid metal connection between the rotary anode and its rotary shaft (12), or to a rotary anode disk structure which comprises a sliding radial connection (17) and a flexible heat conductor (18) between the inner anode bulk (1) and the rotary shaft (12).

公开(公告)号：US08553844B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-08

申请号：US12673510

申请日：2008-08-12

申请人： Astrid Lewalter ,  Rainer Pietig ,  Albert Langkamp ,  Heiko Richter ,  Thomas Behnisch ,  Werner Hufenbach ,  Rolf Karl Otto Behling ,  Christoph Bathe

发明人： Astrid Lewalter ,  Rainer Pietig ,  Albert Langkamp ,  Heiko Richter ,  Thomas Behnisch ,  Werner Hufenbach ,  Rolf Karl Otto Behling ,  Christoph Bathe

IPC分类号： H01J25/26 ,  H01J35/00

CPC分类号： H01J35/108 ,  H01J2235/081 ,  H01J2235/088 ,  H01J2235/1006

摘要： This invention relates to high power X-ray sources, in particular to those equipped with a rotating X-ray anode capable of delivering a higher short time peak power than conventional rotating x-ray anodes. This invention can overcome the thermal limitation of peak power by allowing fast rotation of the anode and by introducing a lightweight material with high thermal conductivity in the region adjacent to the focal track material. The fast rotation can be provided by using sections of the rotating anode disk made of anisotropic high specific strength materials with high thermal stability that can be specifically adapted to the high stresses of anode operation. Uses include high speed image acquisition for X-ray imaging, for example, of moving objects in real-time such as in medical radiography.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及高功率X射线源，特别是涉及能够传送比常规旋转x射线阳极更高的短时峰值功率的旋转X射线阳极的那些。 本发明可以通过允许阳极的快速旋转并且通过在与焦点轨道材料相邻的区域中引入具有高导热性的轻质材料来克服峰值功率的热限制。 可以通过使用由具有高热稳定性的各向异性高比强度材料制成的旋转阳极盘的部分提供快速旋转，其可以特别适用于阳极操作的高应力。 用途包括用于X射线成像的高速图像采集，例如实时移动物体，如医学放射学。

公开(公告)号：US20100067662A1

公开(公告)日：2010-03-18

申请号：US12513371

申请日：2007-10-24

申请人： Rainer Pietig ,  Bernd David ,  Astrid Lewalter

发明人： Rainer Pietig ,  Bernd David ,  Astrid Lewalter

IPC分类号： H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/26

CPC分类号： H05G1/70 ,  A61B6/027 ,  H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/26

摘要： For x-ray tubes the focal spot temperature is a critical factor. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an examination apparatus is provided which has a synchronisation unit providing an operation mode for a stereo tube in which the anode rotation frequency is synchronised with the switching frequency such that the switching frequency is a half integer multiple of the anode rotation frequency. This may lead to a significant reduction of the focal spot temperature.

摘要翻译： 对于X射线管，焦点温度是关键因素。 根据本发明的示例性实施例，提供了一种检查装置，其具有同步单元，该同步单元提供立体管的操作模式，其中阳极旋转频率与开关频率同步，使得开关频率为半个整数倍 的阳极旋转频率。 这可能导致焦点温度的显着降低。

公开(公告)号：US20120300901A1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-29

申请号：US13393835

申请日：2010-09-13

申请人： Astrid Lewalter ,  Rainer Pietig ,  Wolfgang Chrost

发明人： Astrid Lewalter ,  Rainer Pietig ,  Wolfgang Chrost

IPC分类号： H01J35/28 ,  A61B6/02 ,  G01N23/04 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/12

CPC分类号： H01J35/28 ,  A61B6/025 ,  A61B6/4028 ,  A61B6/4488 ,  A61B6/502 ,  A61B6/508 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/12 ,  H01J2235/068 ,  H01J2235/1262

摘要： A distributed X-ray source (3) and an imaging system (1) comprising such an X-ray source (3) are proposed. The X-ray source (3) comprises an electron beam source arrangement (19) and an anode arrangement (17). The electron beam source arrangement (19) is adapted to emit electron beams (24) towards at least two locally distinct focal spots (27) on the anode arrangement (17). Therein, the X-ray source is adapted for displacing the anode arrangement (17) with respect to the electron beam source arrangement (19). While the provision of a plurality of focal spots allows acquisition of projection images under different projection angles thereby allowing reconstruction of three-dimensional X-ray images e.g. in tomosynthesis application, a displacement motion of the anode arrangement (17) with respect to the electron beam source arrangement (19) may allow for distributed heat flux to the anode arrangement thereby possibly reducing cooling requirements.

摘要翻译： 提出了包括这样的X射线源（3）的分布式X射线源（3）和成像系统（1）。 X射线源（3）包括电子束源装置（19）和阳极装置（17）。 电子束源装置（19）适于向阳极装置（17）上的至少两个局部不同的焦点（27）发射电子束（24）。 其中，X射线源适于使阳极装置（17）相对于电子束源装置（19）移位。 虽然提供多个焦点允许在不同的投影角度获取投影图像，从而允许重建三维X射线图像，例如， 在层析合成应用中，阳极布置（17）相对于电子束源装置（19）的位移运动可以允许分布的热通量到阳极布置，从而可能降低冷却要求。

公开(公告)号：US08576988B2

公开(公告)日：2013-11-05

申请号：US13393835

申请日：2010-09-13

申请人： Astrid Lewalter ,  Rainer Pietig ,  Wolfgang Chrost

发明人： Astrid Lewalter ,  Rainer Pietig ,  Wolfgang Chrost

IPC分类号： H01J35/08 ,  H01J35/28

CPC分类号： H01J35/28 ,  A61B6/025 ,  A61B6/4028 ,  A61B6/4488 ,  A61B6/502 ,  A61B6/508 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/12 ,  H01J2235/068 ,  H01J2235/1262

摘要： A distributed X-ray source (3) and an imaging system (1) comprising such an X-ray source (3) are proposed. The X-ray source (3) comprises an electron beam source arrangement (19) and an anode arrangement (17). The electron beam source arrangement (19) is adapted to emit electron beams (24) towards at least two locally distinct focal spots (27) on the anode arrangement (17). Therein, the X-ray source is adapted for displacing the anode arrangement (17) with respect to the electron beam source arrangement (19). While the provision of a plurality of focal spots allows acquisition of projection images under different projection angles thereby allowing reconstruction of three-dimensional X-ray images e.g. in tomosynthesis application, a displacement motion of the anode arrangement (17) with respect to the electron beam source arrangement (19) may allow for distributed heat flux to the anode arrangement thereby possibly reducing cooling requirements.

摘要翻译： 提出了包括这样的X射线源（3）的分布式X射线源（3）和成像系统（1）。 X射线源（3）包括电子束源装置（19）和阳极装置（17）。 电子束源装置（19）适于向阳极装置（17）上的至少两个局部不同的焦点（27）发射电子束（24）。 其中，X射线源适于使阳极装置（17）相对于电子束源装置（19）移位。 虽然提供多个焦点允许在不同的投影角度获取投影图像，从而允许重建三维X射线图像，例如， 在层析合成应用中，阳极布置（17）相对于电子束源装置（19）的位移运动可以允许分布的热通量到阳极布置，从而可能降低冷却要求。

公开(公告)号：US20110051895A1

公开(公告)日：2011-03-03

申请号：US12990814

申请日：2009-05-04

申请人： Gereon Vogtmeier ,  Rainer Pietig ,  Astrid Lewalter ,  Rolf Karl Otto Behling

发明人： Gereon Vogtmeier ,  Rainer Pietig ,  Astrid Lewalter ,  Rolf Karl Otto Behling

IPC分类号： H05G1/70 ,  H01J35/24 ,  B82Y99/00

CPC分类号： H01J35/14 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4021 ,  A61B6/4028 ,  A61B6/4085 ,  A61B6/4488 ,  H01J35/26 ,  H01J35/30

摘要： X-ray systems for use in high-resolution imaging applications with an improved power rating are provided. An X-ray source comprises at least one integrated actuator unit (206, 206′, 206a or 206b) for performing at least one translational and/or rotational displacement by moving the position of the X-ray source's anode (204, 204′, 204a′ or 204b′) relative to a stationary reference position. This helps to overcome power limitations due to an overheating of the anode at its focal ̂spot position (205). In addition to that, a focusing unit (203) for allowing an adapted focusing of the anode's focal spot (205) which compensates deviations in the focal spot size resulting from said anode displacements and/or a deflection means (211, 21 Ia or 21 Ib) for generating an electric and/or magnetic field deflecting the electron beam (202, 202a or 202b) in a direction opposite to the direction of the rotary anode's displacement movement may be provided.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于具有改进的额定功率的高分辨率成像应用中的X射线系统。 X射线源包括至少一个用于通过移动X射线源的阳极（204,204'和206b）的位置来执行至少一个平移和/或旋转位移的集成致动器单元（206,206'，206a或206b） 204a'或204b'）。 这有助于克服由于阳极在其焦点位置（205）处的过热而引起的功率限制。 除此之外，聚焦单元（203）用于允许补偿阳极焦点（205）的适应聚焦，其补偿由所述阳极位移引起的焦点尺寸偏差和/或偏转装置（211,211a或21 可以提供用于产生沿着与旋转阳极的位移运动的方向相反的方向偏转电子束（202,202a或202b）的电和/或磁场的电流（Ib）。

公开(公告)号：US07782999B2

公开(公告)日：2010-08-24

申请号：US12096443

申请日：2006-09-16

申请人： Astrid Lewalter ,  Rainer Pietig ,  Guenter Zeitler ,  Kai Eck ,  Christoph Herrmann ,  Rainer Kiewitt ,  Christoph Loef ,  Oliver Muelhens ,  Carolina Ribbing ,  Georg Rose ,  Matthias Simon ,  Olaf Wischhusen

发明人： Astrid Lewalter ,  Rainer Pietig ,  Guenter Zeitler ,  Kai Eck ,  Christoph Herrmann ,  Rainer Kiewitt ,  Christoph Loef ,  Oliver Muelhens ,  Carolina Ribbing ,  Georg Rose ,  Matthias Simon ,  Olaf Wischhusen

IPC分类号： H05G1/60 ,  H01J35/30

CPC分类号： A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/027 ,  A61B6/4021 ,  A61B6/503 ,  A61B6/504 ,  H01J2235/086 ,  H05G1/52

摘要： Systems and methods for data acquisition in computed tomography (CT) applications are provided. The systems and methods are particularly adapted for scanning and acquiring/processing data in connection with high-power cone-beam CT applications. The electron beam is moved/scanned along the anode surface to multiple focal positions. Data acquisition for a full projection at one focus position and one view angle is achieved by activating each focus position multiple times during the data acquisition for one angle of the gantry. The detector array and associated data processing system are adapted to rapidly switch between the different focus positions during the acquisitions for one view angle and to collect all data belonging to the same projection into the same data set. Adaptive electron optics are utilized to move/scan the electron beam along the anode surface to the various focus positions. Alternatively, a plurality of cathodes may be provided for respective focus positions and the system may support fast switching therebetween to achieve desirably short spot times. The disclosed CT system permits greater power densities without risk of heat damage to the anode and effectively increases the track velocity of the electron beam on the anode surface. The CT system and associated data acquisition methods have particular utility in CT applications requiring increased time resolution and/or spatial resolution, e.g., cardiac CT applications.

摘要翻译： 提供了计算机断层摄影（CT）应用中数据采集的系统和方法。 该系统和方法特别适用于扫描和获取/处理与大功率锥束CT应用有关的数据。 电子束沿着阳极表面移动/扫描到多个焦点位置。 通过在台架的一个角度的数据采集过程中激活每个聚焦位置多次来实现在一个聚焦位置和一个视角下的全投影的数据采集。 检测器阵列和相关联的数据处理系统适于在一次视角的采集期间在不同聚焦位置之间快速切换，并且将属于相同投影的所有数据收集到同一数据集中。 使用自适应电子光学器件将电子束沿着阳极表面移动/扫描到各种焦点位置。 或者，可以为各个焦点位置设置多个阴极，并且系统可以支持它们之间的快速切换，以实现期望的短光斑时间。 所公开的CT系统允许更大的功率密度，而不会对阳极造成热损害的风险，并且有效地增加阳极表面上的电子束的轨道速度。 CT系统和相关数据采集方法在需要增加时间分辨率和/或空间分辨率（例如心脏CT应用）的CT应用中具有特别的用途。

公开(公告)号：US20100239063A1

公开(公告)日：2010-09-23

申请号：US12300137

申请日：2007-04-26

申请人： Rainer Pietig ,  Astrid Lewalter

发明人： Rainer Pietig ,  Astrid Lewalter

IPC分类号： A61B6/03 ,  H01J35/00

CPC分类号： H01J35/10 ,  A61B6/027 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4028 ,  A61B6/503

摘要： The rotating anode x-ray tube comprises an anode, whose focal track has the shape of a saddle trajectory. A proper anode angle to enable a high power line focus is always realised along the focal path on the anode. The x-ray tube is for CT scanners and enables a movement of the focal spot along the patient axis during gantry rotation. In this way, cone beam artefacts due to the reconstruction may be avoided.

摘要翻译： 旋转阳极x射线管包括阳极，其焦点轨迹具有鞍形轨迹的形状。 始终沿着阳极上的焦点路径实现适当的阳极角度以实现高功率线焦点。 X射线管适用于CT扫描仪，并可在机架旋转期间使焦点沿病人轴线移动。 以这种方式，可以避免由于重构造成的锥形束伪影。

公开(公告)号：US20090161819A1

公开(公告)日：2009-06-25

申请号：US12096443

申请日：2006-09-16

申请人： Astrid Lewalter ,  Rainer Pietig ,  Guenter Zeitler ,  Kai Eck ,  Christoph Herrmann ,  Rainer Kiewitt ,  Christoph Loef ,  Oliver Muelhens ,  Carolina Ribbing ,  Georg Rose ,  Matthias Simon ,  Olaf Wischhusen

发明人： Astrid Lewalter ,  Rainer Pietig ,  Guenter Zeitler ,  Kai Eck ,  Christoph Herrmann ,  Rainer Kiewitt ,  Christoph Loef ,  Oliver Muelhens ,  Carolina Ribbing ,  Georg Rose ,  Matthias Simon ,  Olaf Wischhusen

IPC分类号： H05G1/60 ,  H01J35/30

CPC分类号： A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/027 ,  A61B6/4021 ,  A61B6/503 ,  A61B6/504 ,  H01J2235/086 ,  H05G1/52

摘要： Systems and methods for data acquisition in computed tomography (CT) applications are provided. The systems and methods are particularly adapted for scanning and acquiring/processing data in connection with high-power cone-beam CT applications. The electron beam is moved/scanned along the anode surface to multiple focal positions. Data acquisition for a full projection at one focus position and one view angle is achieved by activating each focus position multiple times during the data acquisition for one angle of the gantry. The detector array and associated data processing system are adapted to rapidly switch between the different focus positions during the acquisitions for one view angle and to collect all data belonging to the same projection into the same data set. Adaptive electron optics are utilized to move/scan the electron beam along the anode surface to the various focus positions. Alternatively, a plurality of cathodes may be provided for respective focus positions and the system may support fast switching therebetween to achieve desirably short spot times. The disclosed CT system permits greater power densities without risk of heat damage to the anode and effectively increases the track velocity of the electron beam on the anode surface. The CT system and associated data acquisition methods have particular utility in CT applications requiring increased time resolution and/or spatial resolution, e.g., cardiac CT applications.

摘要翻译： 提供了计算机断层摄影（CT）应用中数据采集的系统和方法。 该系统和方法特别适用于扫描和获取/处理与大功率锥束CT应用有关的数据。 电子束沿着阳极表面移动/扫描到多个焦点位置。 通过在台架的一个角度的数据采集过程中激活每个聚焦位置多次来实现在一个聚焦位置和一个视角下的全投影的数据采集。 检测器阵列和相关联的数据处理系统适于在一次视角的采集期间在不同聚焦位置之间快速切换，并且将属于相同投影的所有数据收集到同一数据集中。 使用自适应电子光学器件将电子束沿着阳极表面移动/扫描到各种焦点位置。 或者，可以为各个焦点位置设置多个阴极，并且系统可以支持它们之间的快速切换，以实现期望的短光斑时间。 所公开的CT系统允许更大的功率密度，而不会对阳极造成热损害的风险，并且有效地增加阳极表面上的电子束的轨道速度。 CT系统和相关数据采集方法在需要增加时间分辨率和/或空间分辨率（例如心脏CT应用）的CT应用中具有特别的用途。

公开(公告)号：US08482949B2

公开(公告)日：2013-07-09

申请号：US12526641

申请日：2008-02-11

申请人： Marc Maria Alex Bleukx ,  Christoph Leof ,  Rainer Pietig

发明人： Marc Maria Alex Bleukx ,  Christoph Leof ,  Rainer Pietig

IPC分类号： H02M7/5387

CPC分类号： H02M7/5387 ,  H03K17/0416 ,  H03K17/0814 ,  H03K17/567 ,  H03K17/687 ,  H03K17/74 ,  H03K2217/0036 ,  Y10T307/76

摘要： A method and device for operating a device for high-voltage switching for driving capacitive loads, having a first and a second input terminal (11, 12) for applying a high voltage supply, such that a higher potential of the high-voltage supply may be applied to the first input terminal (11) and a lower potential may be applied to the second input terminal (12); a first and a second switch (S1, S2), connected in series between the first and the second input terminal (11, 12); a first and a second clamping diode (D3, D4), connected in series and in the same blocking direction between the first input terminal and the second input terminal, such that the first second clamping diode block with respect to the applied high voltage; a storage inductor Ls, which is connected with one of its terminals to a connecting point (13) of the both switches and with another terminal to a connecting point (14) of the both clamping diodes; and an output terminal (15) for connecting a capacitive load Cl, which output terminal is connected with the connecting point (14) of the both clamping diodes (D3, D4). The method comprises starting with both switches (S1, S2) open; closing of the first switch (S1) after a first predetermined time; opening (ST3) of the first switch (S1) after a second predetermined time; closing (ST4) of the second switch (S2), after arriving a zero voltage over the second switch.

摘要翻译： 一种用于操作用于驱动电容性负载的用于高压开关的装置的方法和装置，具有用于施加高压电源的第一和第二输入端子（11,12），使得高电压电源的较高电位可以 施加到第一输入端子（11），并且较低的电位可以施加到第二输入端子（12）; 第一和第二开关（S1，S2），串联连接在第一和第二输入端子（11,12）之间; 第一和第二钳位二极管（D3，D4），其在第一输入端子和第二输入端子之间串联连接并且以相同的阻挡方向，使得相对于所施加的高电压的第一第二钳位二极管块; 存储电感器Ls，其与其一个端子连接到两个开关的连接点（13），并且另一个端子连接到两个钳位二极管的连接点（14）; 以及用于连接电容性负载C1的输出端子（15），该输出端子与两个钳位二极管（D3，D4）的连接点（14）连接。 该方法包括从两个开关（S1，S2）开始; 在第一预定时间之后关闭第一开关（S1）; 在第二预定时间之后打开（ST3）第一开关（S1）; 在第二开关上达到零电压之后关闭（ST4）第二开关（S2）。