摘要:
Disclosed is a method for enhancing a yield of an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid obtained by liquid-phase oxidation reaction of an olefin or an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde. In particular, there is provided a method for producing an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein the method includes the step of carrying out oxidation reaction of an olefin or an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde in a liquid phase to obtain a reaction mixture containing an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid and an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride and the step of bringing the α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride into contact with an alcohol or water to obtain an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid resulting from decomposition of the α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for enhancing a yield of an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid obtained by liquid-phase oxidation reaction of an olefin or an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde. In particular, there is provided a method for producing an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein the method includes the step of carrying out oxidation reaction of an olefin or an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde in a liquid phase to obtain a reaction mixture containing an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid and an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride and the step of bringing the α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride into contact with an alcohol or water to obtain an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid resulting from decomposition of the α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride.
摘要:
The object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst which can produce an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid through liquid-phase oxidation of an olefin or an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde in good reaction performance, a method for producing the catalyst, and a method for producing an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid by using the catalyst. The present invention resides in a catalyst for producing an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein a metal is supported on a carrier with a total pore volume of 0.40 to 1.50 cc/g as measured by nitrogen gas adsorption method, or wherein palladium with an average particle diameter in the range of 1 to 8 nm is supported on the carrier.
摘要:
The object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst which can produce an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid through liquid-phase oxidation of an olefin or an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde in good reaction performance, a method for producing the catalyst, and a method for producing an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid by using the catalyst. The present invention resides in a catalyst for producing an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein a metal is supported on a carrier with a total pore volume of 0.40 to 1.50 cc/g as measured by nitrogen gas adsorption method, or wherein palladium with an average particle diameter in the range of 1 to 8 nm is supported on the carrier.
摘要:
The present invention provides: a palladium-containing catalyst which is used for highly selectively or highly productively producing an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde and an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an olefin or in that way producing an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde; a method for producing the catalyst; and a method for highly selectively or highly productively producing an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde and an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an olefin or in that way producing an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde. In particular, the present invention resides in a palladium-containing catalyst comprising 0.001 to 0.40 mole of tellurium metal to 1.0 mole of palladium metal. This catalyst can be preferably produced by a method having a step of reducing a compound containing palladium atom in its oxidized state and tellurium atom in its oxidized state by a reducing agent.
摘要:
The object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst which can produce an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid through liquid-phase oxidation of an olefin or an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde in good reaction performance, a method for producing the catalyst, and a method for producing an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid by using the catalyst. The present invention resides in a catalyst for producing an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein a metal is supported on a carrier with a total pore volume of 0.40 to 1.50 cc/g as measured by nitrogen gas adsorption method, or wherein palladium with an average particle diameter in the range of 1 to 8 nm is supported on the carrier.
摘要:
A solar cell including a first electrode, a second electrode arranged opposite to the first electrode, an electron transport layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, a dye layer D which is in contact with the electron transport layer, a hole transport layer arranged between the electron transport layer and the second electrode and being in contact with the dye layer D, and a barrier layer, and these elements are provided on a substrate. The barrier layer prevents or suppresses short-circuit between the first electrode and the hole transport layer. The porosity of the barrier layer is made smaller than that of the electron transport layer. The barrier layer is formed into a film-like shape and arranged between the first electrode and the electron transport layer. The solar cell can accomplish excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency by the provision of such a barrier layer.
摘要:
A carbon-insertion-type palladium metal in which an amount of inserted carbon is 0.16 mol or more with respect to 1.0 mol of a palladium metal, and a carbon-insertion-type palladium metal in which a crystal face distance of a (111) face of a palladium metal is 2.270 Å or more are useful as raw materials of a palladium catalyst for use in an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid preparation reaction, and the like. The carbon-insertion-type palladium metal can preferably be prepared by reduction of palladium in a palladium compound having a chlorine content of 0 to 300 ppm.
摘要:
The solar cell of the present invention includes a titanium dioxide semiconductor that is held between a pair of electrodes so that the titanium dioxide semiconductor and at least one of the electrodes form a rectification barrier.
摘要:
An alkoxylation catalyst for causing an alkylene oxide to react with an organic compound having one or more active hydrogen, comprising magnesium oxide modified by the addition of at least one metal ion selected from the group consisting of Al.sup.3+, Ga.sup.3+, In.sup.3+, Tl.sup.3+, Co.sup.3+, Sc.sup.3+, La.sup.3+, and Mn.sup.2+. In the presence of the catalyst, an addition polymerization reaction between the alkylene oxide and the organic compound having one or more active hydrogen such as an alcohol or phenol can be performed with only small amounts of unreacted material and byproducts, and the alkylene oxide adduct having a very narrow alkylene oxide adduct distribution can be obtained.