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公开(公告)号：US07787728B2
公开(公告)日：2010-08-31
申请号：US10599233
申请日：2005-02-02
IPC分类号： G02B6/02
CPC分类号： G01J3/433 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/0218 , G01J3/0297 , G01J3/10 , G01J3/42 , G01N21/39
摘要： An optical mode noise averaging device including a multimode optical fiber and means for averaging a modal noise induced signal level variation of light propagating within the multimode optical fiber. The device may average modal noise induced signal level variations by cyclically varying an index of refraction of the multimode optical fiber over a select period of time, scrambling a light distribution within the multimode optical fiber, or both. The index of refraction of the multimode optical fiber may be cyclically varied by cyclically varying the temperature of the multimode optical fiber. Alternatively, the index for refraction may be varied or the light distribution within the multimode optical fiber may be scrambled by cyclically manipulating the multimode optical fiber.
摘要翻译： 一种包括多模光纤的光模式噪声平均装置和用于平均在多模光纤内传播的光的模态噪声感应信号电平变化的装置。 该器件可以通过在选择的时间周期周期性地改变多模光纤的折射率，扰乱多模光纤内的光分布，或两者来均衡模态噪声感应信号电平变化。 多模光纤的折射率可以通过周期性地改变多模光纤的温度来循环地变化。 或者，可以改变折射率，或者通过循环地操作多模光纤可以扰乱多模光纤内的光分布。
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2.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20110300492A1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-08
申请号：US13142791
申请日：2010-01-07
申请人： Michael John Estes , Andrew D. Sappey , Henrik Hofvander , Allen Molitoris , Bernard Patrick Masterson , Pei Huang
发明人： Michael John Estes , Andrew D. Sappey , Henrik Hofvander , Allen Molitoris , Bernard Patrick Masterson , Pei Huang
IPC分类号： F23N5/08
摘要： A method of monitoring combustion properties in an interior of a boiler of the type having walls comprising a plurality of parallel steam tubes separated by a metal membrane. First and second penetrations are provided in the metal membrane between adjacent tubes on opposite sides of the boiler. A beam of light is projected through a pitch optic comprising a pitch collimating lens and a pitch relay lens, both residing outside the boiler interior. The pitch relay lens projects the beam through a penetration into the boiler interior. The beam of light is received with a catch optic substantially identical to the pitch optic residing outside the boiler interior. The strength of the collimated received beam of light is determined. At least one of the pitch collimating lens and the catch collimating lens may then be aligned to maximize the strength of the collimated received beam.
摘要翻译： 一种在具有壁的锅炉内部监测燃烧性能的方法，所述锅炉包括由金属膜隔开的多个平行蒸汽管。 在锅炉相对侧的相邻管之间的金属膜中提供第一和第二穿透。 光束通过包括间距准直透镜和俯仰中继透镜的俯仰光学镜投影，两者都驻留在锅炉内部的外部。 俯仰继电器镜头通过穿透进入锅炉内部来投射光束。 光束被接收到与位于锅炉内部外部的俯仰光学器件基本相同的捕捉光学器件。 确定准直接收光束的强度。 间距准直透镜和捕捉准直透镜中的至少一个然后可以对准以最大化准直的接收光束的强度。
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3.发明申请In-Furnace Retro-Reflectors with Steerable Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectrometer 有权带可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱仪的炉内复古反射器公开(公告)号：US20150109618A1
公开(公告)日：2015-04-23
申请号：US14395037
申请日：2013-03-15
申请人： Jim HOWELL , Bernard Patrick MASTERSON , Rod HARRIS , David GILTNER , Atilio JOBSON , Michael John ESTES , Andrew D. SAPPEY , Zolo Technologies, Inc.
发明人： Jim Howell , Bernard Patrick Masterson , Rod Harris , David Giltner , Atilio Jobson , Michael John Estes , Andrew D. Sappey
CPC分类号： G01N21/39 , F23M11/045 , F23M20/00 , F23N5/082 , F23N2029/00 , F23N2900/05005 , G01J3/021 , G01J3/0289 , G01J3/42 , G01N21/84 , G01N2021/399 , G01N2201/0612 , G02B5/122
摘要： A method of monitoring combustion properties in an interior of a furnace is described. A beam of light is projected through a pitch optic including a pitch collimating lens residing outside the boiler interior. The pitch collimating lens projects the beam through a penetration into the boiler interior. The beam of light projected by the pitch collimating lens is reflected from at least one in-furnace retro-reflector, and received with a catch optic substantially identical to the pitch optic residing outside the boiler interior. The pitch optic and the catch optic may be embodied in the same pitch/catch optic. The pitch collimating lens may also be steered toward another of the at least one in-furnace retro-reflectors. Combustion properties may be calculated for each retro-reflector based on retro-reflector zones within the furnace.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种监测炉内燃烧特性的方法。 光束通过包括位于锅炉内部外部的间距准直透镜的俯仰光学镜投射。 俯仰准直透镜通过穿透进入锅炉内部来投射光束。 由间距准直透镜投影的光束从至少一个炉内回射反射器反射，并且被接收到与驻留在锅炉内部外部的俯仰光学器件基本相同的捕捉光学器件。 俯仰光学器件和捕捉光学元件可以以相同的俯仰/捕捉光学元件来实现。 间距准直透镜也可以被转向至少一个炉内反射器中的另一个。 可以基于炉内的后向反射器区域为每个后向反射器计算燃烧特性。
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公开(公告)号：US07729566B2
公开(公告)日：2010-06-01
申请号：US11782475
申请日：2007-07-24
IPC分类号： G02B6/00
CPC分类号： G01J3/36 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/0202 , G01J3/0208 , G01J3/0218 , G01J3/0237 , G01J3/024 , G01J3/0289 , G01J3/0297 , G01J3/108 , G01J3/1809 , G01J5/601 , G01J2003/104 , G01J2003/423 , G01N21/359 , G01N21/39 , G01N2021/399 , G02B6/14
摘要： A method of sensing a process utilizing a sensing apparatus consisting of more than one diode laser having select lasing frequencies, a multiplexer optically coupled to the outputs of the diode lasers with the multiplexer being further optically coupled to a pitch side optical fiber. Multiplexed laser light is transmitted through the pitch side optical fiber to a pitch optic operatively associated with a process chamber which may be a combustion chamber or the boiler of a coal or gas fired power plant. The pitch optic is oriented to project multiplexed laser output through the process chamber. Also operatively oriented with the process chamber is a catch optic in optical communication with the pitch optic to receive the multiplexed laser output projected through the process chamber. The catch optic is optically coupled to an optical fiber which transmits the multiplexed laser output to a demultiplexer. The demultiplexer demultiplexes the laser light and optically couples the select lasing frequencies of light to a detector with the detector being sensitive to one of the select lasing frequencies.
摘要翻译： 一种使用由多于一个具有选择的激光频率的二极管激光器组成的感测装置来感测处理的方法，多路复用器光学耦合到二极管激光器的输出端，多路复用器进一步光耦合到俯仰侧光纤。 多路复用激光通过俯仰侧光纤传输到与可以是燃烧室或煤或燃气发电厂的锅炉的处理室可操作地连接的俯仰光学器件。 俯仰光学器件定向成投影通过处理室的多路复用激光输出。 还与操作室一起操作地定向的是与俯仰光学器件光学通信的接收光学器件，以接收通过处理室投射的多路复用的激光输出。 捕捉光学器件光耦合到将多路复用的激光输出传输到解复用器的光纤。 解复用器解复用激光并将选择的激光频率光耦合到检测器，检测器对选择的激光频率之一敏感。
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公开(公告)号：US08786857B2
公开(公告)日：2014-07-22
申请号：US13389902
申请日：2010-08-10
CPC分类号： F02C7/00 , F23N5/003 , F23N2025/16 , F23N2041/20 , G01N21/39 , G01N2021/4709 , G01N2201/084 , Y02T50/67
摘要： An apparatus and methods for measuring combustion parameters in the measurement zone of a gas turbine engine. The measurement zone is defined as being between an outer casing and an engine component having a reflecting surface inside the outer casing. The apparatus comprises a laser generating a transmitting beam of light of a select wavelength and a multimode transmitting fiber optically coupled to the laser. A transmitting optic is optically coupled to the multimode optical fiber for transmitting the beam into the measurement zone. The reflecting surface is configured to provide a Lambertian reflection. A receiving optic is positioned to receive the Lambertian reflection. Means are provided in operative association with the multimode transmitting fiber for averaging modal noise induced signal level variation of light propagating within the multimode transmitting fiber.
摘要翻译： 一种用于测量燃气涡轮发动机的测量区域中的燃烧参数的装置和方法。 测量区域被定义为在外壳和在外壳内具有反射表面的发动机部件之间。 该装置包括产生选择波长的发射光束的激光器和与激光器光耦合的多模发送光纤。 传输光学器件光耦合到多模光纤以将光束传输到测量区域中。 反射表面被配置为提供朗伯反射。 接收光学器件被定位成接收朗伯反射。 提供与多模发送光纤操作关联的装置，用于平均在多模发送光纤内传播的光的模态噪声感应信号电平变化。
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公开(公告)号：US07469092B2
公开(公告)日：2008-12-23
申请号：US11782492
申请日：2007-07-24
IPC分类号： G02B6/00
CPC分类号： G01J3/36 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/0202 , G01J3/0208 , G01J3/0218 , G01J3/0237 , G01J3/024 , G01J3/0289 , G01J3/0297 , G01J3/108 , G01J3/1809 , G01J5/601 , G01J2003/104 , G01J2003/423 , G01N21/359 , G01N21/39 , G01N2021/399 , G02B6/14
摘要： A diode laser spectroscopy gas sensing apparatus having a diode laser with a select lasing frequency, a pitch optic coupled to the diode laser with the pitch optic being operatively associated with a process chamber and oriented to project laser light along a projection beam through the process chamber. This embodiment additionally includes a catch optic in optical communication with the pitch optic to receive the laser light projected through the process chamber and an optical fiber optically coupled to the catch optic. In addition, the catch optic is operatively associated with a catch side alignment mechanism which provides for the alignment of the catch optic with respect to the projection beam to increase a quantity of laser light received by the catch optic from the pitch optic and coupled to the optical fiber and a detector sensitive to the select lasing frequency optically coupled to the optical fiber. The catch side alignment mechanism may consist of means to tilt the catch optic along a first axis and a second axis orthogonal to the first axis with both the first and second axes being approximately orthogonal to the projection beam.
摘要翻译： 一种具有选择激光频率的二极管激光器的二极管激光光谱气体感测装置，耦合到二极管激光器的俯仰光学器件，其中俯仰光学器件与处理室可操作地相关联并且被定向成沿着投影束将激光投射通过处理室 。 该实施例另外包括与俯仰光学器件光学通信的接收光学器件，以接收通过处理室投射的激光，以及光学耦合到捕捉光学器件的光纤。 另外，捕捉光学元件与捕捉侧对准机构可操作地相关联，该机构提供捕获光学元件相对于投影光束的对准，以增加由光阑从俯仰光学元件接收的激光的数量并耦合到 光纤和对光纤耦合的选择激光频率敏感的检测器。 捕获侧对准机构可以包括用于使捕获光学器件沿第一轴线和与第一轴线正交的第二轴线倾斜的装置，其中第一和第二轴线几乎与投影光束正交。
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7.发明申请All-Fiber Architecture for an Embedded Flight Sensor for Aeropropulsion Applications 审中-公开用于空气推进应用的嵌入式飞行传感器的全光纤架构公开(公告)号：US20080285916A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-20
申请号：US12093412
申请日：2006-11-15
IPC分类号： G02B6/26
CPC分类号： G01J5/0014 , G01J3/1895 , G01J5/0018 , G01J5/08 , G01J5/0803 , G01J5/0821 , G01J5/0893 , G01J5/0896 , G01J5/60 , G01K11/3206 , G01N21/39 , G01P5/26
摘要： An embedded flight sensor system having a laser and one or more flight sensors in optical communication with the laser plus a data processing device in optical communication with the flight sensors. The flight sensors may be laser based optical components such as a fiber Bragg grating in combination with an optical detector, a spectroscopy grating and detector or an optical detector associated with catch optics. The parameters sensed by the flight sensors may be used to determine any flight parameter. Representative flight parameters include but are not limited to an airframe or external surface temperature, airstream velocity, combustion zone temperature, engine inlet temperature, a gas concentration or a shock front position.
摘要翻译： 具有激光器和与激光光学通信的一个或多个飞行传感器的嵌入式飞行传感器系统以及与飞行传感器光学通信的数据处理设备。 飞行传感器可以是基于激光的光学部件，例如与光学检测器结合的光纤布拉格光栅，光谱光栅和检测器或与捕获光学器件相关联的光学检测器。 飞行传感器检测的参数可用于确定任何飞行参数。 代表飞行参数包括但不限于机身或外表面温度，气流速度，燃烧区温度，发动机入口温度，气体浓度或冲击前沿位置。
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8.发明授权Method and apparatus for monitoring combustion properties in an interior of a boiler 有权用于监测锅炉内部的燃烧特性的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US08786856B2
公开(公告)日：2014-07-22
申请号：US13142791
申请日：2010-01-07
申请人： Michael John Estes , Andrew D. Sappey , Henrik Hofvander , Allen Molitoris , Bernard Patrick Masterson , Pei Huang
发明人： Michael John Estes , Andrew D. Sappey , Henrik Hofvander , Allen Molitoris , Bernard Patrick Masterson , Pei Huang
摘要： A method of monitoring combustion properties in an interior of a boiler of the type having walls comprising a plurality of parallel steam tubes separated by a metal membrane. First and second penetrations are provided in the metal membrane between adjacent tubes on opposite sides of the boiler. A beam of light is projected through a pitch optic comprising a pitch collimating lens and a pitch relay lens, both residing outside the boiler interior. The pitch relay lens projects the beam through a penetration into the boiler interior. The beam of light is received with a catch optic substantially identical to the pitch optic residing outside the boiler interior. The strength of the collimated received beam of light is determined. At least one of the pitch collimating lens and the catch collimating lens may then be aligned to maximize the strength of the collimated received beam.
摘要翻译： 一种在具有壁的锅炉内部监测燃烧性能的方法，所述锅炉包括由金属膜隔开的多个平行蒸汽管。 在锅炉相对侧的相邻管之间的金属膜中提供第一和第二穿透。 光束通过包括间距准直透镜和俯仰中继透镜的俯仰光学镜投影，两者都驻留在锅炉内部的外部。 俯仰继电器镜头通过穿透进入锅炉内部来投射光束。 光束被接收到与位于锅炉内部外部的俯仰光学器件基本相同的捕捉光学器件。 确定准直接收光束的强度。 间距准直透镜和捕捉准直透镜中的至少一个然后可以对准以最大化准直的接收光束的强度。
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08544279B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-01
申请号：US12092673
申请日：2006-11-06
CPC分类号： G01M15/14 , F01D21/003 , F02C9/28 , F05D2260/80
摘要： A method for measuring combustion parameters within a combustion zone of a gas turbine engine, the combustion zone being defined between an inner and outer casing. The method includes transmitting a beam from a transmit optic optically coupled to a bore in the outer casing off a portion of the inner casing and receiving a portion of the beam reflected off the inner casing with a receiving optic optically coupled to a bore in the outer casing. An apparatus for practicing the method includes a laser generating a beam and a transmitting/receiving optics pair, the transmitting/receiving optics pair being configured for operative association with a port in an outer casing of a gas turbine engine, whereby the transmitting/receiving optics are in optical communication by reflecting the beam off a portion of an inner casing.
摘要翻译： 一种用于测量燃气涡轮发动机的燃烧区内的燃烧参数的方法，所述燃烧区被限定在内壳和外壳之间。 该方法包括将光束从光学耦合到外壳中的孔的发射光学器件传输到内壳体的一部分，并且接收从外壳反射的一部分光束，光接收光学耦合到外壳中的孔 套管。 实施该方法的装置包括产生光束和发射/接收光学对的激光器，该发射/接收光学对被配置为与燃气涡轮发动机的外壳中的端口可操作地相关联，由此发射/接收光学器件 通过将束离开内壳的一部分而进行光通信。
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10.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080289342A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-27
申请号：US12092673
申请日：2006-11-06
CPC分类号： G01M15/14 , F01D21/003 , F02C9/28 , F05D2260/80
摘要： A method for measuring combustion parameters within a combustion zone of a gas turbine engine, the combustion zone being defined between an inner and outer casing. The method comprises transmitting a beam from a transmit optic optically coupled to a bore in the outer casing off a portion of the inner casing and receiving a portion of the beam reflected off the inner casing with a receiving optic optically coupled to a bore in the outer casing. An apparatus for practicing the method comprises a laser generating a beam and a transmitting/receiving optics pair, the transmitting/receiving optics pair being configured for operative association with a port in an outer casing of a gas turbine engine, whereby the transmitting/receiving optics are in optical communication by reflecting the beam off a portion of an inner casing.
摘要翻译： 一种用于测量燃气涡轮发动机的燃烧区内的燃烧参数的方法，所述燃烧区被限定在内壳和外壳之间。 该方法包括从光学耦合到外壳中的孔光学耦合到外壳的一部分的发射光学器件的光束传输光束，并且接收从外壳反射的一部分光束，该接收光学器件光耦合到外壳中的孔 套管。 用于实施该方法的装置包括产生光束和发射/接收光学对的激光器，所述发射/接收光学对被配置为与燃气涡轮发动机的外壳中的端口可操作地相关联，由此所述发射/接收光学器件 通过将束离开内壳的一部分而进行光通信。
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