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    Single-wall carbon nanotubes from high pressure CO
    4.
    发明授权
    Single-wall carbon nanotubes from high pressure CO 有权
    单壁碳纳米管由高压CO

    公开(公告)号：US07204970B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-04-17

    申请号：US10730630

    申请日：2003-12-08

    申请人： Richard E. Smalley ,  Ken A. Smith ,  Daniel T. Colbert ,  Pavel Nikolaev ,  Michael J. Bronikowski ,  Robert K. Bradley ,  Frank Rohmund

    发明人： Richard E. Smalley ,  Ken A. Smith ,  Daniel T. Colbert ,  Pavel Nikolaev ,  Michael J. Bronikowski ,  Robert K. Bradley ,  Frank Rohmund

    IPC分类号： C01B11/02

    CPC分类号： B01J4/002 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J19/121 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2219/0875 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/162 ,  C01B2202/02 ,  C01B2202/36 ,  D01F9/1278 ,  Y10S977/75 ,  Y10S977/751 ,  Y10S977/843 ,  Y10S977/845 ,  Y10S977/951 ,  Y10T428/30

    摘要： The present invention discloses the process of supplying high pressure (e.g., 30 atmospheres) CO that has been preheated (e.g., to about 1000° C.) and a catalyst precursor gas (e.g., Fe(CO)5) in CO that is kept below the catalyst precursor decomposition temperature to a mixing zone. In this mixing zone, the catalyst precursor is rapidly heated to a temperature that results in (1) precursor decomposition, (2) formation of active catalyst metal atom clusters of the appropriate size, and (3) favorable growth of SWNTs on the catalyst clusters. Preferably a catalyst cluster nucleation agency is employed to enable rapid reaction of the catalyst precursor gas to form many small, active catalyst particles instead of a few large, inactive ones. Such nucleation agencies can include auxiliary metal precursors that cluster more rapidly than the primary catalyst, or through provision of additional energy inputs (e.g., from a pulsed or CW laser) directed precisely at the region where cluster formation is desired. Under these conditions SWNTs nucleate and grow according to the Boudouard reaction. The SWNTs thus formed may be recovered directly or passed through a growth and annealing zone maintained at an elevated temperature (e.g., 1000° C.) in which tubes may continue to grow and coalesce into ropes.

    摘要翻译： 本发明公开了提供已被预热（例如，约1000℃）的高压（例如30个大气压）的CO和催化剂前体气体（例如Fe（CO）5） >）在CO中，其保持低于催化剂前体分解温度至混合区。 在该混合区中，将催化剂前体快速加热到导致（1）前体分解的温度，（2）形成适当尺寸的活性催化剂金属原子簇，和（3）在催化剂簇上的SWNT的有利生长 。 优选使用催化剂簇成核剂来使催化剂前体气体快速反应以形成许多小的活性催化剂颗粒，而不是几个大的非活性催化剂颗粒。 这样的成核机构可以包括比主要催化剂更快地聚集的辅助金属前体，或者通过提供精确地指向需要簇形成的区域的额外的能量输入（例如来自脉冲或CW激光）。 在这些条件下，SWNT根据Boudouard反应成核并生长。 如此形成的SWNT可以直接回收或通过保持在高温（例如1000℃）的生长和退火区域，其中管可以继续生长并聚结成绳索。

    Gas-phase nucleation and growth of single-wall carbon nanotubes from high pressure CO
    5.
    发明授权
    Gas-phase nucleation and growth of single-wall carbon nanotubes from high pressure CO 有权
    单壁碳纳米管从高压CO气相成核和生长

    公开(公告)号：US06761870B1

    公开(公告)日：2004-07-13

    申请号：US09830642

    申请日：2002-07-01

    申请人： Richard E. Smalley ,  Ken A. Smith ,  Daniel T. Colbert ,  Pavel Nikolaev ,  Michael J. Bronikowski ,  Robert K. Bradley ,  Frank Rohmund

    发明人： Richard E. Smalley ,  Ken A. Smith ,  Daniel T. Colbert ,  Pavel Nikolaev ,  Michael J. Bronikowski ,  Robert K. Bradley ,  Frank Rohmund

    IPC分类号： D01F912

    CPC分类号： B01J4/002 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J19/121 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2219/0875 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/162 ,  C01B2202/02 ,  C01B2202/36 ,  D01F9/1278 ,  Y10S977/75 ,  Y10S977/751 ,  Y10S977/843 ,  Y10S977/845 ,  Y10S977/951 ,  Y10T428/30

    摘要： The present invention discloses the process of supplying high pressure (e.g., 30 atmospheres) CO that has been preheated (e.g., to about 1000° C.) and a catalyst precursor gas (e.g., Fe(CO)5) in CO that is kept below the catalyst precursor decomposition temperature to a mixing zone. In this mixing zone, the catalyst precursor is rapidly heated to a temperature that results in (1) precursor decomposition, (2) formation of active catalyst metal atom clusters of the appropriate size, and (3) favorable growth of SWNTs on the catalyst clusters. Preferably a catalyst cluster nucleation agency is employed to enable rapid reaction of the catalyst precursor gas to form many small, active catalyst particles instead of a few large, inactive ones. Such nucleation agencies can include auxiliary metal precursors that cluster more rapidly than the primary catalyst, or through provision of additional energy inputs (e.g., from a pulsed or CW laser) directed precisely at the region where cluster formation is desired. Under these conditions SWNTs nucleate and grow according to the Boudouard reaction. The SWNTs thus formed may be recovered directly or passed through a growth and annealing zone maintained at an elevated temperature (e.g., 1000° C.) in which tubes may continue to grow and coalesce into ropes.

    摘要翻译： 本发明公开了在被保留的CO中提供已被预热（例如，约1000℃）的高压（例如，30个大气压）的CO和催化剂前体气体（例如，Fe（CO）5）的过程。 催化剂前体分解温度低于混合区。 在该混合区中，将催化剂前体快速加热到导致（1）前体分解的温度，（2）形成适当尺寸的活性催化剂金属原子簇，和（3）在催化剂簇上的SWNT的有利生长 。 优选使用催化剂簇成核剂来使催化剂前体气体快速反应以形成许多小的活性催化剂颗粒，而不是几个大的非活性催化剂颗粒。 这样的成核机构可以包括比主要催化剂更快地聚集的辅助金属前体，或者通过提供精确地指向需要簇形成的区域的额外的能量输入（例如来自脉冲或CW激光）。 在这些条件下，SWNT根据Boudouard反应成核并生长。 如此形成的SWNT可以直接回收或通过保持在高温（例如1000℃）的生长和退火区域，其中管可以继续生长并聚结成绳索。

    Method of producing regular arrays of nano-scale objects using nano-structured block-copolymeric materials
    7.
    发明授权
    Method of producing regular arrays of nano-scale objects using nano-structured block-copolymeric materials 失效
    使用纳米结构嵌段共聚物材料制备纳米尺度物体规则阵列的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07700157B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-04-20

    申请号：US11508514

    申请日：2006-08-22

    申请人： Michael J. Bronikowski ,  Brian D. Hunt

    发明人： Michael J. Bronikowski ,  Brian D. Hunt

    IPC分类号： C23C16/26

    CPC分类号： B81C1/00031 ,  B81B2203/0361 ,  B81C2201/0149 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/162 ,  C01B2202/08 ,  C01B2202/36 ,  Y10S977/844

    摘要： A method of forming a periodic array of nano-scale objects using a block copolymer, and nano-scale object arrays formed from the method are provided. The method for forming the arrays generally includes the steps of depositing a block copolymer of at least two blocks on a substrate to form an ordered meso-scale structured array of the polymer materials, forming catalytic metal dots based on the meso-scale structure, and growing nano-scale objects on the catalytic dots to form an ordered array of nano-scale objects.

    摘要翻译： 提供了使用嵌段共聚物形成纳米级物体的周期性阵列的方法，以及由该方法形成的纳米级物体阵列。 形成阵列的方法通常包括以下步骤：将至少两个嵌段的嵌段共聚物沉积在基底上以形成聚合物材料的有序中尺度结构化阵列，基于中尺度结构形成催化金属点，以及 在催化点上生长纳米尺度的物体以形成纳米尺度物体的有序阵列。

    Carbon nanotube high-current-density field emitters
    8.
    发明授权
    Carbon nanotube high-current-density field emitters 有权
    碳纳米管大电流密度场发射体

    公开(公告)号：US07834530B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-11-16

    申请号：US11137725

    申请日：2005-05-24

    申请人： Harish M. Manohara ,  Michael J. Bronikowski

    发明人： Harish M. Manohara ,  Michael J. Bronikowski

    IPC分类号： H01J9/02

    CPC分类号： H01J9/025 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01J1/304 ,  H01J2201/30469 ,  Y10S977/789

    摘要： High-current density field emission sources using arrays of nanofeatures bundles and methods of manufacturing such field emission sources are provided. Variable field emission performance is provided with the variance in the bundle diameter and the inter-bundle spacing, and optimal geometries for the lithographically patterned arrays were determined. Arrays of 1-μm and 2-μm diameter multi-walled carbon nanotube bundles spaced 5 μm apart (edge-to-edge spacing) were identified as the most optimum combination, routinely producing 1.5 to 1.8 A/cm2 at low electric fields of approximately 4 V/μm, rising to >6 A/cm2 at 20 V/μm over a ˜100-μm-diameter area.

    摘要翻译： 提供了使用纳米尺寸束阵列的大电流密度场发射源和制造这种场致发射源的方法。 可变场发射性能具有束直径和束间距的变化，并且确定了用于光刻图案阵列的最佳几何形状。 将距离为5微米（边缘到边缘间距）的1μm和2μm直径的多壁碳纳米管束的阵列确定为最佳组合，通常在大约的低电场下产生1.5至1.8A / cm 2 4 V /μm，在直径约100μm的区域，以20 V /μm上升至> 6A / cm2。