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公开(公告)号：US4006749A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-08
申请号：US545988
申请日：1975-01-31
IPC分类号： A24B15/30
CPC分类号： A24B15/30
摘要： This invention provides a process for so treating tobacco, for use in cigars or cigarettes, as to activate the surface of the tobacco to remove the undesirable components of the smoke as the smoke passes along the cigar or cigarette, before reaching the smoker. The process provides for grafting onto the cellulosic constituents of the tobacco a graft polymer or copolymer having free functional groups reactive with the undesirable component of the tobacco smoke. The cellulosic constituents can be activated by an ionic or free radical process to yield a reactive site on the cellulosic chain which can subsequently be reacted with monomers containing active double bonds, e.g., olefins, vinyl monomers or acrylic monomers as well as polymerizable ring compounds each having the desired active substituents. Preferably, this invention is applicable to treating tobacco so as to provide a graft polymer or copolymer containing acidic groups which can react with the basic, or alkaline, components of tobacco smoke. This invention also provides an activated tobacco comprising graft polymers or copolymers formed on its surface.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于治疗烟草的方法，用于雪茄或香烟，以在吸烟者到达烟草之前，随着烟雾沿着雪茄或香烟通过，激活烟草的表面以除去烟雾的不期望的成分。 该方法提供了将烟草的纤维素成分接枝到具有与烟草烟雾的不期望的成分反应的游离官能团的接枝聚合物或共聚物上。 纤维素成分可以通过离子或自由基方法活化，以在纤维素链上产生反应性位点，其随后可与含有活性双键的单体例如烯烃，乙烯基单体或丙烯酸单体以及可聚合的环化合物各自反应 具有所需的活性取代基。 优选地，本发明可应用于处理烟草以提供含有酸性基团的接枝聚合物或共聚物，其可与烟草烟雾的碱性或碱性成分反应。 本发明还提供一种活性烟草，其包含在其表面上形成的接枝聚合物或共聚物。
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公开(公告)号：US3998602A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-21
申请号：US548091
申请日：1975-02-07
CPC分类号： C23C18/30 , C23C18/2086 , H05K3/181 , H05K3/387 , Y10S428/936 , Y10T428/12535 , Y10T428/12896 , Y10T428/1291 , Y10T428/31692 , Y10T428/31699
摘要： Methods are disclosed for the metallizing of non-metallic substrates, i.e. polymeric substrates, by the coating of the substrate with polymerizable monomers in the presence of a small amount of silver ion. The substrate is cleaned, acid etched and then contacted with a monomer solution containing a soluble silver salt. The monomers are preferably polyfunctional and form a polymerized layer grafted onto the polymer substrate. A peroxide is also disclosed in the monomer solution for regeneration of the silver ion concentration and to combine with monomers to produce homopolymers which also attach to the active sites on the substrate and to side chains of the graft polymer. The grafted layer contains silver atoms closely bound to it and the silver atoms form nucleating agents for the deposition of copper from an electroless plating bath. The metallized substrate may then be further electroplated.
摘要翻译： 公开了通过在少量银离子的存在下用可聚合单体涂覆基底来非金属基底即聚合物基底金属化的方法。 将基材清洗，酸蚀，然后与含有可溶性银盐的单体溶液接触。 单体优选是多官能的并且形成接枝到聚合物基材上的聚合层。 在用于再生银离子浓度的单体溶液中也公开了一种过氧化物，并且与单体结合以产生均聚物，其也附着到基材上的活性位点和接枝聚合物的侧链上。 接枝层含有与其紧密结合的银原子，银原子形成成核剂，用于从无电镀浴中沉积铜。 然后可以进一步电镀金属化衬底。
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公开(公告)号：US4105811A
公开(公告)日：1978-08-08
申请号：US547819
申请日：1975-02-07
CPC分类号： B05D7/16
摘要： A method is disclosed for protecting aluminum and aluminum alloys by the chemical bonding of a polymerized coating to the aluminum oxide on the aluminum surface. The protective coating is graft polymerized from a solution onto the aluminum in the presence of a small amount of silver ion as an initiator. A peroxide is present during the graft polymerization to regenerate silver ions and to catalyze polymerization of monomers and prepolymers which attach to the aluminum surface. The monomers are vinyl monomers containing one or more hydroxy, carboxy, glycidyl and aziridinyl groups. The prepolymers are polyurethane resins and aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic epoxy resins. The vinyl monomers and prepolymers are cross-linked to provide a transparent, impervious protective coating on the aluminum. The coated aluminum article made by the above method is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种通过聚合涂层与铝表面上的氧化铝的化学键合来保护铝和铝合金的方法。 保护涂层在少量作为引发剂的银离子存在下，从溶液中接枝聚合到铝上。 在接枝聚合期间存在过氧化物以再生银离子并催化连接到铝表面的单体和预聚物的聚合。 单体是含有一个或多个羟基，羧基，缩水甘油基和氮丙啶基的乙烯基单体。 预聚物是聚氨酯树脂和脂族，脂环族和芳族环氧树脂。 乙烯基单体和预聚物交联以在铝上提供透明的，不透水的保护涂层。 还公开了通过上述方法制造的涂覆的铝制品。
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公开(公告)号：US4548771A
公开(公告)日：1985-10-22
申请号：US574829
申请日：1984-01-30
CPC分类号： B29C35/0261 , B29K2021/00
摘要： Methods and apparatus for vulcanizing rubber and like material (10). Ultrasonic energy at about 10 to 100 kilohertz is applied to the material (10) at an energy intensity sufficient to generate heat to a temperature in the range of about 200 to 300 degrees Fahrenheit, while a static pressure is applied on the material (10) sufficient to prevent substantial cavitation and material degradation. The application of the ultrasonic energy and the pressure is maintained for at least about 10 minutes for each 1/8 inch in thickness of the material (10).
摘要翻译： 橡胶和类似材料硫化的方法和装置（10）。 将大约10至100千赫兹的超声能量以足以产生热量至约200至300华氏度范围内的温度的能量强度施加到材料（10）上，同时对材料（10）施加静压力， 足以防止大量空化和物质退化。 对于材料（10）的每个1/8英寸的厚度，超声能量和压力的应用保持至少约10分钟。
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5.发明授权Thermoplastic composite lumber having reinforcing laminate of unidirectional fibers 失效具有单向纤维增强层压板的热塑性复合材料公开(公告)号：US06391456B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-21
申请号：US09635147
申请日：2000-08-08
IPC分类号： B32B904
CPC分类号： B32B27/32 , B29C70/086 , B32B5/02 , B32B37/12 , B32B37/153 , B32B2305/08 , B32B2305/70 , B32B2323/043 , Y10T156/10 , Y10T428/183 , Y10T428/187 , Y10T428/24 , Y10T428/24124 , Y10T428/249921 , Y10T428/31504 , Y10T428/3154 , Y10T428/31565
摘要： A thermoplastic composite lumber product having at least one layer of a reinforcing laminate containing unidirectional fibers of glass, carbon or ceramics. The thermoplastic composite lumber of the present invention exhibits superior stiffness and strength compared to typical, non-reinforced plastic lumber.
摘要翻译： 一种热塑性复合材料制品，其具有至少一层包含玻璃，碳或陶瓷的单向纤维的增强层压材料。 与典型的非增强塑料木材相比，本发明的热塑性复合材料具有优异的刚度和强度。
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6.发明授权Thermoplastic composite lumber having reinforcing laminate of unidirectional fibers 失效具有单向纤维增强层压板的热塑性复合材料公开(公告)号：US06749709B1
公开(公告)日：2004-06-15
申请号：US10132312
申请日：2002-04-25
IPC分类号： B32B3220
CPC分类号： B32B27/32 , B29C70/086 , B32B5/02 , B32B37/12 , B32B37/153 , B32B2305/08 , B32B2305/70 , B32B2323/043 , Y10T156/10 , Y10T428/183 , Y10T428/187 , Y10T428/24 , Y10T428/24124 , Y10T428/249921 , Y10T428/31504 , Y10T428/3154 , Y10T428/31565
摘要： A thermoplastic composite lumber product having at least one layer of a reinforcing laminate containing unidirectional fibers of glass, carbon or ceramics. The thermoplastic composite lumber of the present invention exhibits superior stiffness and strength compared to typical, non-reinforced plastic lumber.
摘要翻译： 一种热塑性复合材料制品，其具有至少一层包含玻璃，碳或陶瓷的单向纤维的增强层压材料。 与典型的非增强塑料木材相比，本发明的热塑性复合材料具有优异的刚度和强度。
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公开(公告)号：US06402832B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-11
申请号：US09571760
申请日：2000-05-15
IPC分类号： C04B1100
CPC分类号： C04B28/14 , C04B24/163 , C04B24/2652 , C04B24/281 , C04B24/38
摘要： The present invention is an improved wallboard joint compound comprising an inorganic joint compound such as, for example, gypsum, mixed with water, plus one or more additives selected to reduce the moisture in the gypsum compound and improve the strength of the finished wallboard joint. The first additive is selected from a class of water soluble functional polymer with either nitrogen or sulfonate, such as, for example, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP). A second additive is selected from a class of solid epoxy resins, preferably added together with the first additive. These two additives, when mixed with the joint compound alone or in combination, produced a more flexible, higher strength wallboard with a reduce moisture content and quicker drying time.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种改进的墙板接合化合物，其包括与水混合的无机接合化合物，例如石膏，加上一种或多种添加剂，以减少石膏化合物中的水分并提高成品墙板接头的强度。 第一种添加剂选自一类具有氮或磺酸盐的水溶性官能聚合物，例如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）。 第二种添加剂选自一类固体环氧树脂，优选与第一种添加剂一起加入。 这两种添加剂当单独或组合地与联合化合物混合时，产生更灵活，更高强度的墙板，具有降低的水分含量和更快的干燥时间。
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公开(公告)号：US06797790B1
公开(公告)日：2004-09-28
申请号：US10048884
申请日：2002-04-23
申请人： Vasilios Kanellopoulos , Isabelle Louis-Joseph-Dogue , Vincent Daniel McGinniss , Duryodhan Mangaraj , Tomoki Tsuchiy Nakamura
发明人： Vasilios Kanellopoulos , Isabelle Louis-Joseph-Dogue , Vincent Daniel McGinniss , Duryodhan Mangaraj , Tomoki Tsuchiy Nakamura
IPC分类号： C08L8306
CPC分类号： B29C43/006 , B29L2031/16 , C08G77/42 , C08L61/06 , C08L83/10 , F16D69/025 , C08L83/00
摘要： The polymeric composition for friction elements comprises a co-polymer between (I) a resin containing phenolic groups and a reticulation agent, and (II) an organopolysiloxane resin containing terminal silanol groups. A part at least of the phenolic groups is bound to the terminal silanol groups. A process of the preparation of the above polymeric composition may comprise the following steps: a) mixing (I) a resin containing the phenolic groups and the reticulation agent, (II) containing the terminal silanol groups, and (III) an epoxy resin or the epoxidisesd organopolysiloxane; b) curing the mixture for a period of time sufficient to complete substantially the reaction between the phenolic groups and the terminal silanol groups, c) post-heating the product obtained under b).
摘要翻译： 用于摩擦元件的聚合物组合物包含（I）含酚基团的树脂和网状物质之间的共聚物，和（II）含有末端硅烷醇基团的有机聚硅氧烷树脂。 至少酚类的一部分与末端硅烷醇基团结合。 制备上述聚合物组合物的方法可以包括以下步骤：a）将含有酚基的树脂和网状物质（I）混合（I），含有末端硅烷醇基团的（II），和（III）环氧树脂或 环氧化有机聚硅氧烷; b）固化混合物足够长时间以完成酚基和末端硅烷醇基团之间的反应，c）后加热在b）下获得的产物。
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公开(公告)号：US06777461B1
公开(公告)日：2004-08-17
申请号：US09601912
申请日：2000-12-01
申请人： Vasilios Kanellopoulos , Isabelle Louis-Joseph-Dogue , Vincent Daniel McGinniss , Duryodhan Mangaraj , Tomoki Tsuchiya Nakamura
发明人： Vasilios Kanellopoulos , Isabelle Louis-Joseph-Dogue , Vincent Daniel McGinniss , Duryodhan Mangaraj , Tomoki Tsuchiya Nakamura
IPC分类号： C08J514
CPC分类号： F16D69/025 , C08G77/42 , C08L61/06 , C08L83/10 , C08L83/00 , C08L2666/22
摘要： The polymeric composition for friction elements comprises a co-polymer between (I) a resin containing phenolic groups and a reticulation agent, and (II) an organopolysiloxane resin containing terminal silanol groups. A part at least of the phenolic groups is bound to the terminal silanol groups. A process of the preparation of the above polymeric composition may comprise the following steps: a) mixing (I) a resin containing the phenolic groups and the reticulation agent, (II) resin containing the terminal silanol groups, and (III) an epoxy resin or the epoxidisesd organopolysiloxane; b) curing the mixture for a period of time sufficient to complete substantially the reaction between the phenolic groups and the terminal silanol groups, c) post-heating the product obtained under b).
摘要翻译： 用于摩擦元件的聚合物组合物包含（I）含酚基团的树脂和网状物质之间的共聚物，和（II）含有末端硅烷醇基团的有机聚硅氧烷树脂。 至少酚类的一部分与末端硅烷醇基团结合。 制备上述聚合物组合物的方法可以包括以下步骤：a）将含有酚基和网状物的树脂混合（I），（II）含有末端硅烷醇基的树脂，和（III）环氧树脂 或环氧化有机聚硅氧烷; b）固化混合物足够长时间以完成酚基和末端硅烷醇基团之间的反应，c）后加热在b）下获得的产物。
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公开(公告)号：US5128424A
公开(公告)日：1992-07-07
申请号：US732078
申请日：1991-07-18
IPC分类号： C08G59/66 , C09J163/00
CPC分类号： C08G59/66 , C09J163/00
摘要： Broadly, the present invention is directed to an adhesive composition which comprises an epoxy resin, an effective amount of a mercapto curing agent or curative for said epoxy resin, and a compatibilizing amount of a polysulfide compound which has a performance improving fraction of its --SH groups rendered unreactive with the epoxy groups in said composition. Optionally, the adhesive composition can contain amine or amide curing agents in addition to the mercapto curative. Advantageously, at least about 5% of the number of reactive thiol groups of the polysulfide compound are rendered unreactive, advantageously at least about 25%, and preferably at least about 50%. Preferred polysulfide compatibilizing compounds are adducts of a polysulfide and a component which contains functionality reactive with a thiol group, but which contains no residual functionality reactive with epoxy groups in the composition once the polysulfide adduct is formed. Another aspect of the present invention is a method for improving the performance of an adhesive composition of an epoxy resin and a mercapto curative, which method comprises incorporating a compatibilizing amount of polysulfide compound which has had a performance improving fraction of its --SH groups rendered unreactive with epoxy groups in the composition. The polysulfide compatibilizing adduct is formed by the reaction of a polysulfide and a component that contains functionality reactive with thiol groups, but which contains no residual functionality reactive with epoxy groups in the adduct.
摘要翻译： 广泛地，本发明涉及一种粘合剂组合物，其包含环氧树脂，有效量的巯基固化剂或所述环氧树脂的固化剂，以及相容剂量的具有-SH的性能提高分数的多硫化合物 所述组合物中的环氧基团不反应。 任选地，粘合剂组合物除了巯基固化剂之外还可含有胺或酰胺固化剂。 有利的是，多硫化物化合物的反应性硫醇基团的数量的至少约5％为非反应性，有利地为至少约25％，优选至少约50％。 优选的多硫化物相容化合物是多硫化物和含有与硫醇基反应的官能团的组分的加合物，但是一旦形成多硫化物加合物，其不含在组合物中与环氧基反应的残余官能团。 本发明的另一方面是提高环氧树脂和巯基固化剂的粘合剂组合物的性能的方法，该方法包括加入相容剂量的多硫化物，其具有不反应的-SH基团的性能提高分数 在组合物中具有环氧基团。 多硫相容化加合物是通过多硫化物和含有与硫醇基反应的官能团的组分的反应形成的，但不包含与加合物中的环氧基反应的残余官能团。
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