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    Heterojunction bipolar transistor structure having low base-collector capacitance, and method of fabricating the same
    1.
    发明授权
    Heterojunction bipolar transistor structure having low base-collector capacitance, and method of fabricating the same 失效
    具有低基极集电极电容的异质结双极晶体管结构及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US5252841A

    公开(公告)日：1993-10-12

    申请号：US6189

    申请日：1993-01-19

    申请人： Cheng P. Wen ,  Chan S. Wu ,  Peter Chu

    发明人： Cheng P. Wen ,  Chan S. Wu ,  Peter Chu

    IPC分类号： H01L21/331 ,  H01L29/737 ,  H01L29/161 ,  H01L29/205 ,  H01L29/72

    CPC分类号： H01L21/263 ,  H01L29/66318 ,  H01L29/7371

    摘要： The base-collector capacitance in a heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) (50) is reduced, thereby providing increased cutoff frequency and power gain, by eliminating a portion of a collector contact layer (54) which normally underlies a base electrode (66). A similar effect may be produced by forming the collector contact layer (54) such that it initially extends into the area (54c) under the base electrode (66), and subsequently rendering the collector contact layer (54) in this area (54c) semiinsulative by proton bombardment. A ballast resistor layer (70) is formed between an emitter layer (62) and an overlying emitter electrode (68) to prevent thermal runaway and hot spot formation. A plurality of the HBTs (50) may be arranged in a distributed amplifier configuration (80) including contact electrode bus lines (84,88) having a geometry designed to provide high thermal efficiency, and input and output circuit matching characteristics.

    摘要翻译： 异相结双极晶体管（HBT）（50）中的基极集电极电容减小，从而通过消除通常位于基极（66）下面的集电极接触层（54）的一部分来提供增加的截止频率和功率增益。 可以通过形成集电极接触层（54）使其最初延伸到基极（66）下方的区域（54c）中，并且随后使该集电极接触层（54）在该区域（54c）中形成，可以产生类似的效果， 半质子轰击。 在发射极层（62）和上覆发射电极（68）之间形成镇流电阻层（70），以防止热失控和热点形成。 多个HBT（50）可以布置在分布式放大器配置（80）中，包括具有设计用于提供高热效率的几何形状的接触电极总线（84,88）以及输入和输出电路匹配特性。

    Videoconferencing endpoint having multiple voice-tracking cameras
    4.
    发明授权
    Videoconferencing endpoint having multiple voice-tracking cameras 有权
    具有多个语音跟踪摄像机的视频会议端点

    公开(公告)号：US08395653B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-03-12

    申请号：US12782137

    申请日：2010-05-18

    申请人： Jinwei Feng ,  Peter Chu ,  Wayne Dunlap ,  Jonathan Gallmeier

    发明人： Jinwei Feng ,  Peter Chu ,  Wayne Dunlap ,  Jonathan Gallmeier

    IPC分类号： H04N7/15

    CPC分类号： H04N7/15 ,  H04N7/142 ,  H04N7/147

    摘要： A videoconferencing apparatus automatically tracks speakers in a room and dynamically switches between a controlled, people-view camera and a fixed, room-view camera. When no one is speaking, the apparatus shows the room view to the far-end. When there is a dominant speaker in the room, the apparatus directs the people-view camera at the dominant speaker and switches from the room-view camera to the people-view camera. When there is a new speaker in the room, the apparatus switches to the room-view camera first, directs the people-view camera at the new speaker, and then switches to the people-view camera directed at the new speaker. When there are two near-end speakers engaged in a conversation, the apparatus tracks and zooms-in the people-view camera so that both speakers are in view.

    摘要翻译： 视频会议设备自动跟踪房间中的扬声器，并在受控的人民摄像机和固定的室内摄像机之间动态切换。 当没有人在说话的时候，设备会显示到远端的房间视图。 当房间中有主导扬声器时，设备将人物摄像机引导到主扬声器，并从室内摄像机切换到人民摄像机。 当房间里有一个新的扬声器时，设备首先切换到室内摄像机，将人物摄像机引导到新的扬声器，然后切换到指向新扬声器的人物摄像机。 当有两个近端扬声器进行通话时，该设备将跟踪和放大人民摄像机，以便两个扬声器都在视野中。

    Method and apparatus for percussive noise reduction in a conference
    5.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for percussive noise reduction in a conference 有权
    会议中冲击声降噪的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US08170200B1

    公开(公告)日：2012-05-01

    申请号：US11684689

    申请日：2007-03-12

    申请人： Peter Chu ,  Jinwei Feng

    发明人： Peter Chu ,  Jinwei Feng

    IPC分类号： H04M9/08

    CPC分类号： H04M9/082

    摘要： A conferencing unit reduces or eliminates percussive noise in audio that it outputs to a far-end. The unit filters near-end audio into a plurality of bands and calculates instantaneous energies for each band. The energies in first and second ranges of the bands are summed, and a difference between the two sums is compared to a threshold value to determine whether speech is present in the near-end audio received. The first range is preferably a mid-band range of frequencies of 300 to 600-Hz, while the second range is preferably an outer-band range of 100-Hz to 300-Hz and 600-Hz to 14-kHz. Based on the determination, the conferencing unit adjusts an output level of the near-end audio to reduce or eliminate any percussive noise in output audio while there is not a substantial amount of speech in the near-end audio.

    摘要翻译： 会议单元减少或消除音频中的冲击噪声，从而将其输出到远端。 该单元将近端音频滤波成多个频带并计算每个频带的瞬时能量。 将频带的第一和第二范围的能量相加，并将两个和之间的差与阈值进行比较，以确定是否存在接收的近端音频中的语音。 第一范围优选为300至600Hz的中频带范围，而第二范围优选为100Hz至300Hz和600Hz至14kHz的外频带范围。 基于该确定，会议单元调整近端音频的输出电平以减少或消除输出音频中的任何冲击噪声，而近端音频中没有大量语音。

    Speakerphone with a novel loudspeaker placement
    6.
    发明授权
    Speakerphone with a novel loudspeaker placement 有权
    扬声器配有新颖的扬声器放置

    公开(公告)号：US07646862B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-01-12

    申请号：US11136137

    申请日：2005-05-24

    申请人： Jeffrey Rodman ,  Greg Godfarb ,  Peter Chu

    发明人： Jeffrey Rodman ,  Greg Godfarb ,  Peter Chu

    IPC分类号： H04M1/00 ,  H04M9/00

    CPC分类号： H04M1/6033 ,  H04R1/40 ,  H04R27/00

    摘要： A new speakerphone wherein a loudspeaker is oriented to face the listeners of an audio conference. New speakerphones which have a bass loudspeaker and at least one tweeter loudspeaker wherein the tweeter loudspeaker is oriented towards listeners of an audio conference are also disclosed.

    摘要翻译： 一种新的扬声器，其中扬声器被定向以面对音频会议的听众。 还公开了具有低音扬声器和至少一个高音扬声器的新扬声器电话，其中高音扬声器朝向音频会议的收听者。

    Optical pulse position modulation discriminator
    9.
    发明授权
    Optical pulse position modulation discriminator 有权
    光脉冲位置调制鉴相器

    公开(公告)号：US07321731B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-01-22

    申请号：US10820915

    申请日：2004-04-07

    申请人： Stanislav I. Ionov ,  Thomas W. Ball ,  Peter Chu ,  William S. Hoult, Jr.

    发明人： Stanislav I. Ionov ,  Thomas W. Ball ,  Peter Chu ,  William S. Hoult, Jr.

    IPC分类号： H04J4/00 ,  H04J14/00 ,  G08C19/16 ,  H03M1/00

    CPC分类号： H04L27/10 ,  H04J14/08 ,  H04L25/4902

    摘要： Systems and methods are disclosed herein to provide various optical techniques. For example, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a pulse position modulation discriminator architecture is disclosed for discriminating temporal positions of PPM-encoded optical pulses by converting them from time modulated to frequency modulated signals. As another example, time division multiplexed optical signals may be translated to wavelength division multiplexed optical signals. One or more of the architectures disclosed herein may be implemented, for example, to provide PPM to FM or time to wavelength conversion for receiver or transmitter applications.

    摘要翻译： 本文公开了提供各种光学技术的系统和方法。 例如，根据本发明的实施例，公开了一种脉冲位置调制鉴别器架构，用于通过将PPM编码的光脉冲从时间调制信号转换成调频信号来鉴别时间位置。 作为另一示例，时分复用光信号可以被转换为波分复用光信号。 例如，可以实现本文公开的一个或多个体系结构，以向接收机或发射机应用提供PPM到FM或波长转换的时间。

    Cluster of first-order microphones and method of operation for stereo input of videoconferencing system
    10.
    发明申请
    Cluster of first-order microphones and method of operation for stereo input of videoconferencing system 有权
    视频会议系统立体声输入的一级麦克风和操作方法

    公开(公告)号：US20070147634A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-06-28

    申请号：US11320323

    申请日：2005-12-27

    申请人： Peter Chu

    发明人： Peter Chu

    IPC分类号： H04R3/00 ,  H04R1/02

    CPC分类号： H04R3/005 ,  H04R1/406

    摘要： An arbitrarily positioned cluster of three microphones can be used for stereo input of a videoconferencing system. To produce stereo input, right and left weightings for signal inputs from each of the microphones are determined. The right and left weightings correspond to preferred directive patterns for stereo input of the system. The determined right weightings are applied to the signal inputs from each of the microphones, and the weighted inputs are summed to product the right input. The same is done for the left input using the determined left weightings. The three microphones are preferably first-order, cardioid microphone capsules spaced close together in an audio unit, where each faces radially outward at 120-degrees. The orientation of the arbitrarily positioned cluster relative to the system can be determined by directly detecting the orientation or by using stored arrangements.

    摘要翻译： 三个麦克风的任意定位的群集可以用于视频会议系统的立体声输入。 为了产生立体声输入，确定每个麦克风的信号输入的右和右加权。 右和右加权对应于系统的立体声输入的优选指令模式。 确定的权重被应用于来自每个麦克风的信号输入，并且将加权输入相加以产生正确的输入。 对于左输入，使用确定的左权重也是一样。 这三个麦克风最好是在音频单元中彼此靠近的一级的心形麦克风胶囊，其中每个都以120度径向向外。 可以通过直接检测取向或使用存储的布置来确定任意定位的簇相对于系统的取向。