摘要:
A method for manufacturing a GMR bridge detector as well as the bridge detector itself in which magnetoresistive resistors are interconnected in the form of a bridge to detect a magnetic field. The resistors consist of a material that exhibits the giant magnetoresistive ratio (GMR) effect. The magnetoresistive sensitivity of the individual resistors is produced through annealing. The annealing of the resistors takes place through selective feeding of a current that is sufficient for reaching the temperature required for annealing into the bridge connections. Depending on the wiring of the bridge connections, the resistors are provided with the property necessary for the GMR effect either singly or in pairs. As the material for the resistors, in particular, a material of the class of discontinuous multilayer materials, particularly NiFe/Ag, is used in which the GMR property is produced through single annealing at a specific temperature.
摘要:
A device for measuring an angle and/or the torque acting on a rotatable body is proposed according to the invention, whereby the rotational angle is detected by means of magnetic or optical sensors. In particular, in a preferred exemplary embodiment, two devices (7, 8) are proposed, each of which comprises two optically readable code tracks. The two code tracks (1a, 1b or 2a, 2b) on one device (7 or 8) are similar in design and are offset in relation to each other, so that associated sensors (4) output a digital signal. The rotational angle is calculated based on the lag between the two digital signals. In a further embodiment it is provided that a torsion element (5) having a known torsional stiffness is situated between the two devices (7, 8). Torque transferred by the rotatable body (3) can also be calculated therefore from the angular difference of the two devices 7, 8. The device is used preferably in the steering axle of a motor vehicle.
摘要:
A magnetoresistive sensor element, in particular an angle sensor element, has a first, magnetic layer (3) whose direction of magnetization represents a reference direction, a second, nonmagnetic layer (2) formed on the first layer (3), a third magnetic layer (1), formed on the second layer (2), whose direction of magnetization can be varied by an external magnetic field, and an additional layer consisting of a current conductor (5) for selective orientation of the direction of magnetization of the first layer (3). A current flow direction of an electric current that passes through the current conductor (5) can be switched to change the magnetization direction of the first magnetic layer (3) to create different reference directions. An insulation layer (4) for galvanic separation of the first magnetic layer (3) from the additional layer (5) is also provided between them.
摘要:
A method for optical measuring data acquisition of a component that moves in a rotary or translatory manner, in particular for optical angle, torque, or distance measurement, includes generation of a first pair of periodic line patterns extending in the movement direction of the component and a second pair of periodic line patterns extending in the movement direction of the component, which each have m periods, in particular n+1 periods, over the movement range of the moving component determination of respective phases of the line patterns of the first pair and of the second pair, determination of the phase position of the first pair of line patterns on the basis of the phases and of the second pair of line patterns on the basis of the phases, and determination of the position of the component on the basis of the phase positions.
摘要:
The sensor device accurately measures small angle changes of mechanical parts that rotate relative to each other. The sensor device includes only one cylindrical magnet (3) extending axially from a first part; two magnetoresistive sensors (5′,5″) mounted on a second part and located in the magnetic field of the sole magnet (3), the two magnetoresistive sensors having respective magnetic field sensitive layers (MS) facing a magnetic pole of the magnet (3), extending tangentially to a rotation direction in which the parts rotate relative to each other and generating respective output signals according to magnetic field line direction; and a device (PT) for combining the respective output signals of the two magnetoresistive sensors (5′,5″) to produce a combined output signal characteristic of the relative rotation angle of the parts. The combined output signal is set to zero when the parts are at a predetermined relative rotation angle.
摘要:
The contactless magneto-resistive angle sensing device (1) includes two sensor components (10,11) oriented at a fixed angle relative to each other, a controllable power supply (PW) to heat and maintain the sensor components (10,11) at different temperatures, a magnet (MG) producing a magnetic field (B) in which the sensor components are arranged and an evaluating device (12) to receive output signals (U1,U2) from the sensor components (10,11). Each sensor component (10,11) includes magneto-resistive resistors (MR) connected in a respective bridge (B1,B2) having input terminals (I1,I1';I2,I2') for supply of current and output terminals (O1,O1';O2,O2') for the output signal (U1,U2). In a rotating magnetic field the evaluating device (12) analyzes the output signals (U1,U2) as a function of field angle and temperature to determine a reference angle at which the output signals of the angle sensing device have a minimum temperature dependence and stores the reference angle as a zero point for subsequent angular measurements. The sensor components are then mounted on a rotatable part whose angular position is to be subsequently measured at an angular position in relation to a stationary magnetic corresponding to the reference angle.
摘要:
An angle encoder for determination of an angle between a sensor device (4, 5, 6, 7) and a magnetic field, having a magnet (2) that generates the magnetic field, a number of Hall elements (4, 5, 6, 7) disposed in the magnetic field, and flux-conducting parts (3) made of ferromagnetic material disposed between the Hall elements and rotationally fixed in relation to them, wherein the magnet (2) is embodied so that it can rotate in relation to the Hall elements and the flux-conducting parts, wherein at least four Hall elements (4, 5, 6, 7) are provided.
摘要:
An arrangement for detecting the angle of rotation of a rotatable element, in which, with evaluation of magnetically variable properties of a sensor arrangement, a first magnetic field, generated or varied by a rotatable element, is detectable in an evaluation circuit and usable for ascertaining the angle of rotation, wherein the sensor arrangement, utilizing the magnetoresistive effect, furnishes signals that can be associated unambiguously with one direction of the magnetic field Bext over a first angular range, in particular an angular range of 360°, having means to for is selective application of a magnetic auxiliary field BH the sensor arrangement, by means of which signals a modification of the signals that can be associated with the direction of the first magnetic field Bext, attainable for the sake of unambiguous association of an angle over a second angular range, in particular 360°.
摘要:
A process for adjusting a magneto-resistive sensor having a pair of current contacts and a pair of voltage contacts to compensate an offset error, without additional components. The magneto-resistive sensor (10) is charged with a homogeneous, definitely oriented magnetic field, a defined control current (I) is applied between its current contacts (22, 24) and at least one of the voltage contacts (30, 32) is trimmed, for example, by a laser beam (38), during the measurement of a pseudo-Hall voltage across the voltage contacts.
摘要:
A method and a device for measuring the angle of a rotatable body, in particular a body rotatable by more than 360.degree., are described. In this case this rotatable body cooperates with at least two further rotatable bodies, for example gear wheels, whose angular positions are determined with the aid of two sensors. The angular position of the rotatable body is determined from the angular positions detected in this way. So that unequivocal statements can be made, it is necessary for all three rotatable bodies or gear wheels to have defined predetermined numbers of teeth. The method and the device can be used, for example, for determining the steering angle of a motor vehicle.