公开(公告)号：US5033203A

公开(公告)日：1991-07-23

申请号：US483619

申请日：1990-02-23

申请人： David B. Chang ,  James E. Drummond ,  Slava A. Pollack ,  I-Fu Shih

发明人： David B. Chang ,  James E. Drummond ,  Slava A. Pollack ,  I-Fu Shih

IPC分类号： B05C9/12 ,  B05C9/14 ,  B05D3/02 ,  B05D3/06 ,  F26B3/28 ,  F26B3/30

CPC分类号： F26B3/28 ,  F26B3/305

摘要： An improved curing oven using Wellsbach conversion is disclosed. The present invention 10 provides an improved curing oven which cures materials with electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet region. The invention consists of a surface 12 lined with a layer of material 14 effective to radiate ultraviolet radiation in response to the application of infrared radiation. In a specific illustrative implementation, the invention 10 includes a second surface 18 overlying the first surface 12 providing a passageway therebetween. The oven temperature is set and maintained by a conventional temperature controller 20. The temperature controller 20 measures the oven temperature and controls a valve 22 which adjusts the gas pressure from a gas supply 24 to a set of oven burners 26. Air is supplied through inlet ports 28 included in the second surface 18.

公开(公告)号：US5405680A

公开(公告)日：1995-04-11

申请号：US263151

申请日：1994-06-16

申请人： David B. Chang ,  Slava A. Pollack ,  I-Fu Shih ,  Albert J. Jicha

发明人： David B. Chang ,  Slava A. Pollack ,  I-Fu Shih ,  Albert J. Jicha

IPC分类号： B05D5/00 ,  B05D7/00 ,  B05D7/14 ,  B05D7/24 ,  C03C17/22 ,  C03C17/34 ,  C09D5/00 ,  G02B5/28 ,  C23C14/06

CPC分类号： C03C17/3435 ,  C03C17/22 ,  C03C17/347 ,  C03C17/3476 ,  C03C17/3488 ,  C09D5/00 ,  C03C2217/283 ,  C03C2217/288 ,  C03C2217/289 ,  C03C2217/29 ,  Y10S428/913 ,  Y10T428/24942 ,  Y10T428/2993

摘要： Selective emissivity coatings are disclosed for temperature reduction of enclosures such as vehicles and building structures. The coating includes a selective emissivity material such as silicon-oxy-nitride having a desired thermal emissivity function which is high in the 8-13 micron wavelength region, and low elsewhere except in the visible wavelength region. The material provides a mechanism for radiative cooling of the enclosure by converting the blackbody radiation of the enclosure, which would be reflected by the earth's atmosphere, into far infrared radiation which is transmitted by the atmosphere. According to another aspect of the invention, the coating further comprises a semimetal which is reflective of radiation in the near infrared region, thereby reducing the solar heat load on the enclosure. One suitable semimetal is LaB.sub.6. The coating may be applied to the exterior surface of vehicle and building windows, or to the exterior, non-window surfaces of building structures. For the latter, the coating may take the form of a conventional paint to which is added tiny particles of the semimetal and selective emissivity materials to achieve the radiative cooling and reflection of incident infrared radiation.

摘要翻译： 公开了选择性辐射涂层用于诸如车辆和建筑结构之类的外壳的温度降低。 涂层包括选择性发射率材料，例如具有期望的热发射率函数的硅 - 氮化物，其在8-13微米波长区域中是高的，并且在可见波长区域中除外。 该材料通过将被地球大气层反射的外壳的黑体辐射转换成由大气传播的远红外辐射而提供了用于辐射冷却外壳的机构。 根据本发明的另一方面，涂层还包括反射近红外区域中的辐射的半金属，从而减少外壳上的太阳能热负荷。 一种合适的半金属是LaB6。 涂层可以施加到车辆和建筑物窗户的外表面，或施加到建筑结构的外部非窗户表面。 对于后者，涂层可以采用常规涂料的形式，其中添加了半金属和选择性发射材料的微小颗粒，以实现入射红外辐射的辐射冷却和反射。

公开(公告)号：US5041735A

公开(公告)日：1991-08-20

申请号：US475574

申请日：1990-02-06

申请人： David B. Chang ,  Slava A. Pollack ,  Kenn S. Bates ,  I-Fu Shih

发明人： David B. Chang ,  Slava A. Pollack ,  Kenn S. Bates ,  I-Fu Shih

IPC分类号： G01S3/78

CPC分类号： G01S3/7803

摘要： A miniature infrared test target that comprises a heated four-bar test target operated at a high temperature and a physically separated ambient field operated at ambient temperature. A beamsplitter is disposed relative to the test target and the field in a position to combine and transmit images thereof along a common axis. A lens is disposed along the common axis and forms a combined image of the test target and the field at its image plane. Separation of the test and field targets permits miniaturization of the test target while maintaining a temperature difference between the field and the bars that is proportional to the true temperature difference. The target overcomes the difficulty of maintaining an extremely high temperature gradient in the target. It provides a greater contrast range than that provided by conventional miniature targets. The miniature infrared test target is made with surfaces approximating a blackbody, thereby providing immunity from the Narcissus problem and the effects of complicated environmental changes.

公开(公告)号：US4760257A

公开(公告)日：1988-07-26

申请号：US899277

申请日：1986-08-22

申请人： Slava A. Pollack ,  I-Fu Shih ,  Robert Tzeng

发明人： Slava A. Pollack ,  I-Fu Shih ,  Robert Tzeng

IPC分类号： G01J1/42 ,  G01J1/58 ,  G01M11/00 ,  G01M11/02 ,  G02B6/00 ,  G01N21/84 ,  G01N21/00

CPC分类号： G01M11/33 ,  G01J1/4257

摘要： Apparatus is provided for measuring the numerical apertures of an optical fiber in the infrared region. The optical fiber is appropriately mounted in accordance with conventional testing standards. Infrared energy is transmitted through the optical fiber. At a predetermined distance from the end of the optical fiber, a conversion screen can be provided for transforming the emitted infrared energy into a lesser wavelength of energy. The energy distribution can be recorded with a detector compatible with the lesser wavelength energy whereby the numerical aperture can be computed from the recorded data.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于测量红外区域中的光纤的数值孔径的装置。 光纤根据常规测试标准适当地安装。 红外能量通过光纤传输。 在距离光纤端部预定距离处，可以提供转换屏幕，用于将发射的红外能量转换成较小波长的能量。 可以用与较小波长能量兼容的检测器记录能量分布，从而可以从记录的数据计算数值孔径。

公开(公告)号：US5022040A

公开(公告)日：1991-06-04

申请号：US607203

申请日：1990-10-30

申请人： Slava A. Pollack ,  David B. Chang

发明人： Slava A. Pollack ,  David B. Chang

IPC分类号： H01S3/094 ,  H01S3/11 ,  H01S3/16

CPC分类号： H01S3/11 ,  H01S3/08072 ,  H01S3/094038 ,  H01S3/094092 ,  H01S3/1608 ,  H01S3/1611 ,  H01S3/165 ,  H01S3/17

摘要： A laser incorporating a laser medium disposed within a laser cavity and a pumping arrangement for selectively applying excitation energy to said laser medium. The laser medium contains upconverting material of the type which allows for the exchange of energy between electrons of the lasing ions at a given energy state below the meta-stable initial lasing state so that some of said exchanging electrons are upconverted to energy states at or above the meta-stable initial lasing state. The pumping arrangement applies energy of suitable wavelength and intensity for elevating electrons from energy levels below the given state to that state in sufficient numbers to support substantial upconversion and the resulting lasing.

摘要翻译： 一种激光器，其包括设置在激光腔内的激光介质和用于选择性地向所述激光介质施加激发能量的泵送装置。 激光介质包含上变频材料，其类型允许在低于等稳定的初始激光状态的给定能量状态下使激光离子的电子之间的能量交换，使得一些所述交换电子被上转换成等于或高于 元稳定的初始激光状态。 泵送装置施加适当的波长和强度的能量，用于将电子从低于给定状态的能级提升到足够数量的电压，以支持实质的上变频和所产生的激光。

公开(公告)号：US4755673A

公开(公告)日：1988-07-05

申请号：US861619

申请日：1986-05-06

申请人： Slava A. Pollack ,  David B. Chang

发明人： Slava A. Pollack ,  David B. Chang

IPC分类号： F24J2/48 ,  G01J5/48 ,  G02F2/02 ,  G02F1/01

CPC分类号： G02F2/02 ,  F24J2/48 ,  G01J1/58 ,  G01J5/48 ,  Y02E10/40 ,  Y10S126/908

摘要： An improved thermal radiator uses host materials having high internal reflection and scattering co-efficients for improved effectiveness. Selective thermal radiators are used for frequency conversion of incident radiation through the Welsbach effect. A Welsbach material screen is used to convert incident IR radiation into visible radiation, permitting visual observation of IR radiation and facilitating control and monitoring of IR equipment. Welsbach material is also used as a dynamic IR target which converts incident visible radiation into a high resolution IR source pattern. Welsbach material is also employed as a temperature stable material for converting solar radiation into heat.

摘要翻译： 改进的散热器使用具有高内反射和散射系数的主体材料以提高效率。 选择性热辐射器用于通过威尔斯巴赫效应对入射辐射进行变频。 使用威尔斯巴赫材料屏幕将入射的IR辐射转换成可见光辐射，允许目视观察IR辐射，并有助于IR设备的控制和监测。 威尔斯巴克材料也被用作将入射的可见光辐射转换为高分辨率红外光源图案的动态IR目标。 威尔斯巴赫材料也被用作将太阳辐射转化为热量的温度稳定材料。

公开(公告)号：US5311137A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-10

申请号：US8230

申请日：1993-01-21

申请人： David B. Chang ,  Slava A. Pollack ,  James Drummond ,  Michael F. Berg

发明人： David B. Chang ,  Slava A. Pollack ,  James Drummond ,  Michael F. Berg

IPC分类号： G01R31/28 ,  G02F1/13 ,  G02F1/1333 ,  G01R31/00 ,  G01R31/302

CPC分类号： G02F1/1309 ,  G01R31/281 ,  G02F1/133345

摘要： A nondestructive noninvasive device and method for testing printed circuit boards (PCBs) through the utilization of a liquid crystal material which visually images the electric fields of the PCBs. Circuit faults resulting in a change of current flow in a PCB produce recognizable changes in observed electric fields. The present invention may be used in a stand-alone mode or as a supplement to other testing techniques.

摘要翻译： 一种用于通过利用液晶材料测试印刷电路板（PCB）的非破坏性非侵入性装置和方法，该液晶材料可视觉地显示PCB的电场。 导致PCB中电流变化的电路故障在观察到的电场中产生可识别的变化。 本发明可以以独立模式或作为其他测试技术的补充使用。

公开(公告)号：US4782494A

公开(公告)日：1988-11-01

申请号：US868929

申请日：1986-05-30

申请人： Slava A. Pollack ,  David B. Chang

发明人： Slava A. Pollack ,  David B. Chang

IPC分类号： H01S3/091 ,  H01S3/093 ,  H01S3/16 ,  H01S3/09

CPC分类号： H01S3/093 ,  H01S3/1608 ,  H01S3/1645

摘要： The method of producing at least quasi-continuous lasing operation between initial and terminal lasing states comprising the steps of selecting a laser medium and cavity configuration (lasing frequency) with the laser medium containing upconverting material which provides for the exchange of energy between sufficient number of electrons at the terminal lasing state (manifold) so as to maintain population inversion between the initial and terminal lasing states during the lasing operation; and applying excitation energy of a suitable amount to the laser medium during at least a quasi-continuous time period.

摘要翻译： 在初始和末端激光状态之间产生至少准连续激光运行的方法，包括以下步骤：用包含上变频材料的激光介质选择激光介质和空腔配置（激光频率），所述激光介质提供足够数量的 电子在端子激光状态（歧管），以便在激光操作期间保持初始和末端激光状态之间的总体反转; 以及在至少准连续时间段期间将适当量的激发能量施加到激光介质。

公开(公告)号：US3946331A

公开(公告)日：1976-03-23

申请号：US465464

申请日：1974-04-30

申请人： Slava A. Pollack ,  Van O. Nicolai

发明人： Slava A. Pollack ,  Van O. Nicolai

IPC分类号： H01S3/093 ,  H01S3/091

CPC分类号： H01S3/093 ,  H01S3/025

摘要： A Nernst lamp is used as the pumping means for a solid state laser. The l materials are selected so that the light energy emitted is essentially concentrated in the relatively narrow pump region of the absorption spectrum of the laser crystal. The input power in to the laser is equivalent to that of much higher power lamps operating over a much wider spectrum.

摘要翻译： 使用能斯特灯作为固体激光器的泵送装置。 选择灯材料使得发射的光能基本上集中在激光晶体的吸收光谱的相对窄的泵浦区域中。 激光器的输入功率等于在更宽的频谱上工作的更高功率的灯。

公开(公告)号：US4935722A

公开(公告)日：1990-06-19

申请号：US431813

申请日：1989-11-06

申请人： Slava A. Pollack

发明人： Slava A. Pollack

IPC分类号： B60Q1/30

CPC分类号： B60Q1/302

摘要： A transparent eyelevel stoplight for vehicles is disclosed, which operates on an upconversion principle wherein red light in an otherwise transparent crystal is excited by invisible infrared radiation. The crystal may take the form of a transparent plate or an optical fiber applied to the vehicle rear window. The host crystal material is doped with a suitable rare-earth ion, which when illuminated by infrared energy produces visible light. An infrared laser may be used to illuminate the doped crystal, and is activated by the vehicle brakes. The crystal material is transparent to ordinary visible light and therefore will not obscure the driver's vision.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于车辆的透明眼睛停车灯，其以上变换原理操作，其中透明晶体中的红光被不可见的红外辐射激发。 晶体可以采用施加到车辆后窗的透明板或光纤的形式。 主体晶体材料掺有合适的稀土离子，当被红外能量照射时产生可见光。 可以使用红外激光来照亮掺杂的晶体，并且被车辆制动器激活。 晶体材料对于普通可见光透明，因此不会掩盖驾驶员的视力。