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    Catalytic converter
    5.
    发明授权
    Catalytic converter 失效
    催化转化器

    公开(公告)号：US06193935B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-02-27

    申请号：US09133433

    申请日：1998-08-13

    申请人： Muthan Subramanian ,  Pradeep Patanwal ,  Ravinder Kumar Malhotra ,  Niranjan Raghunath Raje

    发明人： Muthan Subramanian ,  Pradeep Patanwal ,  Ravinder Kumar Malhotra ,  Niranjan Raghunath Raje

    IPC分类号： F01N328

    CPC分类号： F01N3/2846 ,  F01N3/2832 ,  Y02A50/2322

    摘要： A catalytic converter for treating pollutants contained in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, includes a chamber having an inlet disposed at a first end of the chamber for introduction of the exhaust gas and an outlet disposed at a second end of the chamber opposite the first end for discharge of the exhaust gas from the chamber after treatment; a front plate provided at the inlet of the chamber and having defined therein a plurality of openings; first, inner, and second, outer, fixed cones positioned within the chamber, disposed in a spaced apart and parallel relationship to one another, and having a plurality of spaced apart holes defined therein, wherein the plurality of holes defined in the first fixed cone are disposed in a staggered relationship to the plurality of holes of the second fixed cone, and wherein the first fixed cone defines with the front plate a first zone within the chamber; a catalyst bed which is disposed in the space defined between the first and second fixed cones, through which the exhaust gas entering the chamber through the inlet flows radially there through, and which contains catalyst in use; a diffuser section provided in the second end of the chamber, through which the outlet is provided, and within which is defined a second zone; a conical member extending from the first fixed cone into the diffuser section for providing a reduced jet effect of the exhaust gas entering the chamber; and a feeding zone for the catalyst defined by closure of a wall surface of the first and second fixed cones adjacent to the inlet.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于处理来自内燃机的废气中所含污染物的催化转化器，包括一个室，其具有设置在室的第一端处的入口，用于引入废气，以及一出口，该出口设置在与第一 结束处理后从室中排出废气; 设置在所述室的入口处并且在其中限定有多个开口的前板; 第一，内部和第二外部固定锥体，其定位在腔室内，彼此间隔开并且平行，并且具有限定在其中的多个间隔开的孔，其中限定在第一固定锥体中的多个孔 以与第二固定锥体的多个孔交错的关系设置，并且其中第一固定锥体与前板形成在腔室内的第一区域; 催化剂床，其设置在限定在第一和第二固定锥体之间的空间中，通过入口进入室的废气通过该空间径向流过，并且在使用中含有催化剂; 扩散器部分，其设置在所述室的第二端中，所述出口设置在所述扩散器部分中，并且其中限定有第二区域; 从第一固定锥体延伸到扩散器部分中的锥形构件，用于提供进入腔室的废气的减小的喷射效应; 以及用于通过闭合邻近入口的第一和第二固定锥的壁表面限定的用于催化剂的进料区。

    Process for preparing rust inhibitors from cashew nut shell liquid
    10.
    发明授权
    Process for preparing rust inhibitors from cashew nut shell liquid 失效
    从腰果壳液制备防锈剂的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06548459B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-04-15

    申请号：US10113285

    申请日：2002-04-02

    申请人： Pankaj Kumar Mondal ,  Khem Chand Dohhen ,  Rakesh Sarin ,  Deepak Kumar Tuli ,  Niranjan Raghunath Raje ,  Akhilesh Kumar Bhatnagar

    发明人： Pankaj Kumar Mondal ,  Khem Chand Dohhen ,  Rakesh Sarin ,  Deepak Kumar Tuli ,  Niranjan Raghunath Raje ,  Akhilesh Kumar Bhatnagar

    IPC分类号： C10M12900

    CPC分类号： C10M141/08 ,  C10M129/44 ,  C10M2207/128 ,  C10M2219/022 ,  C10N2220/10 ,  C10N2230/12 ,  C10N2260/02

    摘要： A process for the preparation of CNSL phenoxy carboxylic acid derivatives for use as an additive in a lubricant composition so as to impart improved rust inhibiting properties, including the steps of (a) partially hydrogenating distilled technical cashew nut shell liquid with palladium or nickel or platinum catalyst; to hydrogenate the olefinic chain; (b) reacting cashew nut shell liquid or partially hydrogenated technical cashew nut shell liquid with halogeno carboxylic acid derivatives to obtain unpolymerized cashew nut shell liquid phenoxy carboxylic acid derivatives, the reaction being carried out at a temperature ranging from 20 to 140° C. A lubricant containing a major proportion of a material selected from the group consisting of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a grease; and remainder an additive including CNSL phenoxy carboxylic acid derivative prepared by the foregoing process.

    摘要翻译： 一种制备用于润滑剂组合物中的添加剂的CNSL苯氧基羧酸衍生物的方法，以提供改善的防锈性能，包括以下步骤：（a）用钯或镍或铂部分氢化蒸馏的技术腰果壳液体 催化剂; 氢化烯烃链; （b）使腰果壳液体或部分氢化的技术腰果壳液与卤代羧酸衍生物反应，得到未聚合的腰果壳液体苯氧基羧酸衍生物，反应在20-140℃的温度下进行。 含有大部分选自润滑粘度的油和润滑脂的材料的润滑剂; 其余为包括通过上述方法制备的CNSL苯氧基羧酸衍生物的添加剂。