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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4804495A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-14
申请号：US923968
申请日：1986-10-28
摘要： Composition comprising heavy hydrocarbons and water, having a viscosity much lower than that of the hydrocarbons it contains. It is constituted by a multiple emulsion, the internal phase of which comprises a primary emulsion of water in the hydrocarbons and the external phase comprises water containing at least one surfactant, in which this primary emulsion is dispersed, thus forming a secondary emulsion which is self-stable or is stabilized by the addition of stabilizing agents to its external phase.
摘要翻译： 组合物包含重烃和水，其粘度远低于其含有的烃类的粘度。 它由多重乳液构成，其内相包含烃中的水的初级乳液，外相包含含有至少一种表面活性剂的水，其中该主要乳液分散在其中，从而形成自身的二次乳液 或通过向其外相添加稳定剂来稳定。
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公开(公告)号：US4737158A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-12
申请号：US787431
申请日：1985-10-15
IPC分类号： C10L1/32
CPC分类号： C10L1/324
摘要： A self-lubricating fuel composition is provided formed from powdered coal, a hydrocarbon fraction, water, a surfactant and a strong electrolyte. This composition develops a lubricating layer between the mechanical parts in relative movement with respect to the fluid and the fluid. Such self lubrication causes a reduction of the friction and consequently of the pressure losses during transport in ducts.
摘要翻译： 由粉煤，烃馏分，水，表面活性剂和强电解质形成的自润滑燃料组合物。 该组合物相对于流体和流体在相对运动中在机械部件之间形成润滑层。 这种自润滑会导致摩擦力的降低，从而导致管道运输期间的压力损失。
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公开(公告)号：US06592639B2
公开(公告)日：2003-07-15
申请号：US09147604
申请日：1999-03-17
IPC分类号： C10L118
CPC分类号： C10L10/08 , C10L1/14 , C10L1/143 , C10L1/18 , C10L1/188 , C10L1/1881 , C10L1/1885 , C10L1/1886 , C10L1/1888 , C10L1/19 , C10L1/191 , C10L1/2222 , C10L1/2225 , C10L1/2286 , C10L1/232
摘要： The invention concerns a fuel for diesel engines, with a sulphur content of less than 500 ppm containing in a major proportion at least one average distillate from a straight-run distilling cup of crude oil, with temperature ranges between 150 and 400° C. and in a minor proportion a lubricating additive containing monocarboxylic and polycyclic acids. The said fuel is characterized in that it contains at least 20 ppm of the additive consisting of at least one monocarboxylic aliphatic hydrocarbon, saturated or unsaturate, of linear chain between 12 and 14 carbon atoms, and at least one polcyclic hydrocarbon compound, containing at least two cycles each formed of 5 to 6 atoms one of which at most is optionally a heteroatom such as nitrogen or oxygen and the other atoms are carbon atoms, these two cycles having further two carbon atoms in common, preferably vicinal, these said cycles being saturated or unsaturated, substituted or non-substituted by at least one single grouping selected among the carboxylic, amine carboxyl, ester and nitrile groupings, the fuel containing more than 60 ppm of additive when the said combination is tall oil.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于柴油发动机的燃料，其硫含量小于500ppm，主要部分含有来自直馏蒸馏杯原油的至少一种平均馏出物，温度范围为150-400℃， 少量的含有单羧酸和多环酸的润滑添加剂。 所述燃料的特征在于其含有至少20ppm的添加剂，其由至少一种12至14个碳原子的直链的至少一种饱和或不饱和的单羧酸脂族烃和至少一种至少含有一个以上的环状烃化合物 两个循环各自由5至6个原子形成，其中一个最多为任选的杂原子，例如氮或氧，其它原子为碳原子，这两个循环具有共同的另外两个碳原子，优选连续的，这些所述循环是饱和的 或不饱和的，被选自羧基，胺羧基，酯和腈基中的至少一个单个取代基或不被取代的，当所述组合为妥尔油时，所述燃料含有大于60ppm的添加剂。
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4.发明授权Homogeneous and stable composition of asphaltenic liquid hydrocarbons and additive useful as industrial fuel 失效沥青液态烃和作为工业燃料的添加剂的组成均匀稳定
公开(公告)号：US4622047A
公开(公告)日：1986-11-11
申请号：US816566
申请日：1986-01-06
IPC分类号： C10L1/22 , C10L1/222 , C10L1/224 , C10L1/2383 , C10L1/18
CPC分类号： C10L1/222 , C10L1/2222 , C10L1/2225 , C10L1/224
摘要： Industrial fuels comprised of mixtures of asphaltenic heavy hydrocarbon fractions and light fractions are provided wherein the flocculation of asphaltenes is minimized by the addition of from 50 to 5000 ppm of an additive composed of a constituent A and/or a constituent B to render the composition homogeneous and stable. Constituent A results from the condensation of a linear N-alkyl polyamine with a cyclic anhydride and constituents B results from the reaction of an ethoxylated amine with a carboxylic acid of C.sub.8 to C.sub.30.
摘要翻译： 提供由沥青质重烃馏分和轻馏分的混合物组成的工业燃料，其中通过加入50-5000ppm由组分A和/或组分B组成的添加剂使沥青质的絮凝最小化，使组合物均匀 稳定。 线性N-烷基多胺与环状酸酐和组分B的缩合产生的成分A是由乙氧基化胺与C 8至C 30的羧酸的反应产生的。
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5.发明授权Process for synthesizing overbased additives under constant pressure of carbon dioxide 失效在二氧化碳恒压下合成高碱性添加剂的方法
公开(公告)号：US4758360A
公开(公告)日：1988-07-19
申请号：US910947
申请日：1986-09-24
IPC分类号： C10M159/20 , C10M159/24 , C10M177/00 , C10N10/04 , C10N30/12 , C10M105/08
CPC分类号： C10M159/24 , C10M159/20
摘要： The present invention relates to a process for the synthesis of overbased additives obtained by carbonation under constant pressure of carbon dioxide, the process consisting of carbonating a reaction mixture comprising a derivative of an alkaline-earth metal and at least one surfactant in a diluent oil and a hydrocarbon solvent in the presence of an oxygeneous accelerator and a nitrogeneous accelerator, while maintaining a constant pressure of carbon dioxide above the reaction mixture, the carbon dioxide is thus progressively introduced as it is consumed, thereby allowing its concentration in the liquid medium not to become too high which could thereafter provoke the formation of insoluble over-carbonated products, the reaction to be self-controlled and to obtain excellent yields of overbased products having very high alkaline values and alkaline-earth contents, while however remaining fluid and stable.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种合成通过碳酸化在二氧化碳的恒定压力下获得的高碱性添加剂的方法，该方法包括在稀释油中将包含碱土金属和至少一种表面活性剂的衍生物的反应混合物碳酸化， 在含氧促进剂和硝化促进剂存在下的烃溶剂，同时保持二氧化碳在反应混合物上方的恒定压力，因此二氧化碳在消耗时逐渐引入，从而使其在液体介质中的浓度不能 变得过高，这可能引起不溶性过碳酸化产物的形成，该反应是自我控制的，并获得具有非常高的碱性值和碱土含量的高碱性产物的优异产率，而剩余的流体和稳定性。
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6.发明授权Process for the formation of homogeneous fuel compositions containing a petroleum cut and at least one short chain aliphatic alcohol and compositions thereby obtained 失效用于形成含有石油馏分和至少一种短链脂肪醇的均匀燃料组合物的方法和由此获得的组合物
公开(公告)号：US4610696A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-09
申请号：US750548
申请日：1985-07-01
CPC分类号： C10L1/18 , C10L1/1824 , C10L1/1852
摘要： The present invention concerns a process for the formation of homogeneous fuel compositions containing a petroleum cut and at least one short chain aliphatic alcohol, essentially methanol, ethanol and the butanols, through dilution with an additive constituted by a C.sub.6 to C.sub.24 glycerol monoether.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过用由C6至C24甘油单醚构成的添加剂稀释来形成含有石油馏分和至少一种短链脂族醇，基本上为甲醇，乙醇和丁醇的均质燃料组合物的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US07374589B2
公开(公告)日：2008-05-20
申请号：US10446851
申请日：2003-05-29
CPC分类号： C10L10/08 , C10L1/14 , C10L1/143 , C10L1/18 , C10L1/188 , C10L1/1881 , C10L1/1885 , C10L1/1886 , C10L1/1888 , C10L1/19 , C10L1/191 , C10L1/2222 , C10L1/2225 , C10L1/2286 , C10L1/232
摘要： The invention concerns a fuel for diesel engines, with a sulphur content of less than 500 ppm containing in a major proportion at least one average distillate from a straight-run distilling cup of crude oil, with temperature ranges between 150 and 400° C. and in a minor proportion a lubricating additive containing monocarboxylic and polycyclic acids. The said fuel is characterized in that it contains at least 20 ppm of the additive consisting of at least one monocarboxylic aliphatic hydrocarbon, saturated or unsaturated, of linear chain between 12 and 14 carbon atoms, and at least one polcyclic hydrocarbon compound, containing at least two cycles each formed of 5 to 6 atoms one of which at most is optionally a heteroatom such as nitrogen or oxygen and the other atoms are carbon atoms, these two cycles having further two carbon atoms in common, preferably vicinal, these said cycles being saturated or unsaturated, substituted or non-substituted by at least one single grouping selected among the carboxylic, amine carboxyl, ester and nitrile groupings, the fuel containing more than 60 ppm of additive when the said combination is tall oil.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于柴油发动机的燃料，其硫含量小于500ppm，主要部分含有来自直馏蒸馏杯原油的至少一种平均馏出物，温度范围为150-400℃， 少量的含有单羧酸和多环酸的润滑添加剂。 所述燃料的特征在于其含有至少20ppm的添加剂由至少一种饱和或不饱和的12至14个碳原子的直链的单羧酸脂族烃和至少一种至少含有一个以上的多环烃化合物 两个循环各自由5至6个原子形成，其中一个最多为任选的杂原子，例如氮或氧，其它原子为碳原子，这两个循环具有共同的另外两个碳原子，优选连续的，这些所述循环是饱和的 或不饱和的，被选自羧基，胺羧基，酯和腈基中的至少一个单个取代基或不被取代的，当所述组合为妥尔油时，所述燃料含有大于60ppm的添加剂。
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8.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20050223627A1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-13
申请号：US10513456
申请日：2003-05-02
CPC分类号： C10L10/00 , C10L1/14 , C10L1/143 , C10L1/1832 , C10L1/221 , C10L1/224 , C10L1/2283 , C10L1/2383
摘要： The invention relates to the use of at least one additive in order to increase the thermal stability of a hydrocarbon composition, said additive being the product of the condensation reaction between at least one alkenyl succinic or alkyl succinic anhydride I and a primary amine II. The invention also relates to a composition comprising the aforementioned additive, an anti-oxidant and a metal deactivator and to fuels containing same.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及使用至少一种添加剂以增加烃组合物的热稳定性，所述添加剂是至少一种烯基琥珀酸或烷基琥珀酸酐I与伯胺II之间的缩合反应的产物。 本发明还涉及包含上述添加剂，抗氧化剂和金属钝化剂以及含有它们的燃料的组合物。
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9.发明授权Method for treating a fuel comprising a mixture of hydrocarbons and alcohols, and a selective water-adsorption product 失效用于处理包含烃和醇的混合物的燃料和选择性吸水产物的方法
公开(公告)号：US4889537A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-26
申请号：US861971
申请日：1986-05-12
摘要： A method for treating a fuel comprising a mixture of hydrocarbon(s) and alcohol(s) with a content by volume of alcohol less than 10%, the method comprising placing the fuel mixture in contact with at least one cationic exchange resin capable of strong dissociation into ion form in an aqueous medium, in particular a sulfonic or carboxylic resin which is prepared in potassium or magnesium form for adsorbing at least a portion of the water dissolved in the mixture on the resin so as to prevent segregation of the mixture and so as to stabilize the homogeneity of the fuel.
摘要翻译： 一种用于处理包含醇和醇的混合物的燃料的方法，所述混合物的醇的体积含量小于10％，所述方法包括将所述燃料混合物与至少一种能够强的阳离子交换树脂接触 在水性介质中，特别是以钾或镁形式制备的磺酸或羧酸树脂离解成离子形式，用于将溶解在混合物中的至少一部分水吸附在树脂上，以防止混合物偏析等 以稳定燃料的均匀性。
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