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公开(公告)号：US07321604B2
公开(公告)日：2008-01-22
申请号：US10752604
申请日：2004-01-07
申请人： Donald Umstadter , Fei He , Yue-Ying Lau
发明人： Donald Umstadter , Fei He , Yue-Ying Lau
CPC分类号： H01S3/30 , A61N2005/1088 , H01S3/0903 , H01S3/094 , H01S3/0959
摘要： A method and apparatus to generate a beam of coherent light including x-rays or XUV by colliding a high-intensity laser pulse with an electron beam that is accelerated by a synchronized laser pulse. Applications include x-ray and EUV lithography, protein structural analysis, plasma diagnostics, x-ray diffraction, crack analysis, non-destructive testing, surface science and ultrafast science.
摘要翻译： 一种通过将高强度激光脉冲与通过同步激光脉冲加速的电子束相撞来产生包括x射线或XUV的相干光束的方法和装置。 应用包括x射线和EUV光刻，蛋白质结构分析，等离子体诊断，x射线衍射，裂纹分析，非破坏性测试，表面科学和超快科学。
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公开(公告)号：US4567401A
公开(公告)日：1986-01-28
申请号：US389132
申请日：1982-06-12
CPC分类号： H01J23/24
摘要： A wide-band distributed coupler for coupling rf energy from an input waveguide into a tapered interaction waveguide in a traveling-wave amplifier comprising a plurality of channel filters connecting between the input and interaction waveguides, with each filter coupled to the interaction waveguide at the appropriate cross-sectional position along its tapered length where the interaction waveguide cutoff frequency approximately matches the wave frequency propagated by the filter. Each filter comprises, in one embodiment, a main coaxial cavity tuned to a distinct center frequency, a first simple isolation cavity for coupling rf energy between the input waveguide and the main cavity, and at least one second simple isolation cavity for coupling energy between the main cavity and the tapered interaction waveguide. This coupler is compatible both in bandwidth and geometry with the tapered interaction waveguide.
摘要翻译： 一种用于将来自输入波导的rf能量耦合到行波放大器中的锥形相互作用波导的宽带分布耦合器，其包括连接在输入和相互作用波导之间的多个通道滤波器，每个滤波器以适当的方式耦合到相互作用波导 横截面位置沿其锥形长度，其中相互作用波导截止频率近似匹配由滤波器传播的波频率。 在一个实施例中，每个滤波器包括调谐到不同中心频率的主同轴腔，用于在输入波导和主腔之间耦合rf能量的第一简单隔离腔，以及至少一个第二简单隔离腔， 主腔和锥形相互作用波导。 该耦合器在带宽和几何形状上与锥形相互作用波导兼容。
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公开(公告)号：US5483122A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-09
申请号：US198474
申请日：1994-02-18
IPC分类号： H05H7/06
CPC分类号： H05H7/06
摘要： Method and apparatus for accelerating charged particles in a compact two-beam accelerator including a high voltage diode which generates an annular intense electron beam and a pencil-shaped secondary beam. The annular beam is modulated and functions as a driver beam for the secondary beam. A focusing magnetic field created by external focusing magnetic field coils adjusts the radius of the annular beam within a plurality of resonant cavity structures of an accelerating portion of the accelerator such that the phase slippage of the secondary beam, with reference to the co-propagated driver beam, is corrected. Correction of the phase slippage results in a secondary beam that is continuously accelerated. The external magnetic field also controls the energy of the secondary beam. Such high energy charged particles are useful in a wide variety of applications, such as medical radiation therapy, sterilization of medical equipment, industrial materials processing, inspection and industrial ion implantation.
摘要翻译： 包括产生环形强电子束的高电压二极管和铅笔形二次光束的紧凑型双光束加速器中的带电粒子的加速方法和装置。 环形光束被调制并用作辅助光束的驱动光束。 由外部聚焦磁场线圈产生的聚焦磁场调节加速器加速部分的多个谐振腔结构内的环形光束的半径，使得次光束的相位相对于共同传播的驱动器 光束，被校正。 相位滑移的校正导致连续加速的次级梁。 外部磁场也控制次级光束的能量。 这种高能量带电粒子可用于各种各样的应用，例如医疗放射疗法，医疗设备的灭菌，工业材料加工，检查和工业离子注入。
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公开(公告)号：US08841867B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-23
申请号：US12860336
申请日：2010-08-20
申请人： Ronald M. Gilgenbach , Yue-Ying Lau , David M. French , Brad W. Hoff , John Luginsland , Matthew Franzi
发明人： Ronald M. Gilgenbach , Yue-Ying Lau , David M. French , Brad W. Hoff , John Luginsland , Matthew Franzi
摘要： A crossed field device, such as a magnetron or crossed field amplifier, that includes a cathode, an anode, one or more magnetic elements, and one or more extraction elements. In one embodiment, the crossed field device includes an annular cathode and anode that are axially spaced from one another such that the device produces an axial electric (E) field and a radial magnetic (B) field. In another embodiment, the crossed field device includes an oval-shaped cathode and anode that are radially spaced from one another such that the device produces a radial electric (E) field and an axial magnetic (B) field. The crossed field device may produce electromagnetic (EM) emissions having a frequency ranging from megahertz (MHz) to terahertz (THz), and may be used in one of a number of different applications.
摘要翻译： 包括阴极，阳极，一个或多个磁性元件以及一个或多个提取元件的交叉场设备，例如磁控管或交叉场放大器。 在一个实施例中，交叉场设备包括环形阴极和阳极，其彼此轴向间隔开，使得该设备产生轴向电（E）场和径向磁（B）场。 在另一个实施例中，交叉场设备包括彼此径向间隔开的椭圆形阴极和阳极，使得该设备产生径向电（E）场和轴向磁（B）场。 交叉现场设备可以产生频率范围从兆赫（MHz）到太赫兹（THz）的电磁（EM）发射，并且可以用于多种不同应用中的一种。
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公开(公告)号：US4554483A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-19
申请号：US537474
申请日：1983-09-29
申请人： J. Mark Baird , Larry R. Barnett , Yue-Ying Lau
发明人： J. Mark Baird , Larry R. Barnett , Yue-Ying Lau
CPC分类号： H01J25/025 , Y10S505/88
摘要： An RF cyclotron maser type traveling-wave amplifier including an integral active circulator. The amplifier includes a tapered interaction waveguide having a cross-section which gradually increases from a small first end to a larger second end thereof. The waveguide is capable of supporting first and second orthogonal polarization modes therein with approximately the same propagation characteristics for the two modes. A beam of mildly relativistic electrons having helical electron motion is directed into the small first end to axially propagate within the waveguide toward the larger second end. A tapered magnetic field is generated within the waveguide in a direction approximately parallel to the axis of the waveguide. The magnetic field is profiled to near grazing interaction with the second polarization mode of the waveguide. An input electromagnetic wave in the first polarization mode is launched into the larger second end of the waveguide to propagate toward the first end thereof. The input wave is reflected by the constriction of the tapered waveguide to co-propagate with the electron beam in the waveguide. The reflected input wave additionally excites energy in the second mode which also co-propagates with the electron beam. The first and second modes are amplified by the electron beam; the second polarization mode being amplified to a greater extent than the first mode. The two orthogonal modes are easily separated to provide input and output ports for the amplifier.
摘要翻译： 一种包括整体有源环行器的RF回旋加速器型行波放大器。 放大器包括具有从小的第一端到其较大的第二端逐渐增加的横截面的锥形相互作用波导。 波导能够支持其中的第一和第二正交偏振模式，其中两种模式具有大致相同的传播特性。 具有螺旋电子运动的轻度相对论电子束被引导到小的第一端中，以在波导内朝较大的第二端轴向传播。 在波导内沿与波导的轴线大致平行的方向产生锥形磁场。 磁场形状与波导的第二偏振模式近似放牧相互作用。 在第一偏振模式中的输入电磁波被发射到波导的较大的第二端，以朝向其第一端传播。 输入波被锥形波导的收缩反射，与波导中的电子束共同传播。 反射的输入波另外激发与电子束共同传播的第二模式的能量。 第一和第二模式被电子束放大; 第二偏振模式被放大到比第一模式更大的程度。 两个正交模式很容易分离，为放大器提供输入和输出端口。
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公开(公告)号：US20110204785A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-25
申请号：US12860336
申请日：2010-08-20
申请人： Ronald M. Gilgenbach , Yue-Ying Lau , David M. French , Brad W. Hoff , John Luginsland , Matthew Franzi
发明人： Ronald M. Gilgenbach , Yue-Ying Lau , David M. French , Brad W. Hoff , John Luginsland , Matthew Franzi
IPC分类号： H01J25/587
摘要： A crossed field device, such as a magnetron or crossed field amplifier, that includes a cathode, an anode, one or more magnetic elements, and one or more extraction elements. In one embodiment, the crossed field device includes an annular cathode and anode that are axially spaced from one another such that the device produces an axial electric (E) field and a radial magnetic (B) field. In another embodiment, the crossed field device includes an oval-shaped cathode and anode that are radially spaced from one another such that the device produces a radial electric (E) field and an axial magnetic (B) field. The crossed field device may produce electromagnetic (EM) emissions having a frequency ranging from megahertz (MHz) to terahertz (THz), and may be used in one of a number of different applications.
摘要翻译： 包括阴极，阳极，一个或多个磁性元件以及一个或多个提取元件的交叉场设备，例如磁控管或交叉场放大器。 在一个实施例中，交叉场设备包括环形阴极和阳极，其彼此轴向间隔开，使得该设备产生轴向电（E）场和径向磁（B）场。 在另一个实施例中，交叉场设备包括彼此径向间隔开的椭圆形阴极和阳极，使得该设备产生径向电（E）场和轴向磁（B）场。 交叉现场设备可以产生频率范围从兆赫（MHz）到太赫兹（THz）的电磁（EM）发射，并且可以用于多种不同应用中的一种。
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公开(公告)号：US4617493A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-14
申请号：US695327
申请日：1985-01-28
申请人： Yue-Ying Lau
发明人： Yue-Ying Lau
CPC分类号： H01J25/10
摘要： A collective interactive klystron that utilizes a bent drift tube to achi circular motions of the electrons in the drift region. This bent drift tube eliminates material repulsion between AC space charges in a klystron.
摘要翻译： 使用弯曲漂移管来实现漂移区域中的电子的圆周运动的集体交互式速调管。 这种弯曲的漂移管消除了在速调管中AC空间电荷之间的物质排斥。
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公开(公告)号：US4533875A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-06
申请号：US389133
申请日：1982-06-16
CPC分类号： H01J25/025 , H01S1/00 , H03F3/58 , H03F3/608
摘要： A high power amplifier for amplifying millimeter-wave radiation comprising: a length of metallic waveguide tapered from a small cross-sectional end to a larger cross-sectional end; a magnetron-type electron injection gun for injecting a spiral beam of relativistic electrons at the small end of the waveguide for propagation axially therein so that the wall radius of the tapered waveguide increases in the downstream direction of the electron beam; an input coupler for launching electromagnetic waves to be amplified into the waveguide at the large waveguide end thereof such that the individual frequencies in the input waves are reflected at various points along the constriction of the waveguide taper so that they copropagate with and are amplified by the electron beam; and a magnetic circuit for generating an axial magnetic field within the tapered waveguide with a unique profile approximately in accordance with the following equation to maintain synchronism: ##EQU1## where the z subscript is the waveguide axial direction, the .perp. subscript designates the direction perpendicular to this axial direction, and the o subscript represents those quantities at the entrance point for the electron beam into the waveguide.This device has been found experimentally to have negligible launching loss and low sensitivity to electron velocity spread.
摘要翻译： 一种用于放大毫米波辐射的高功率放大器，包括：从小截面端到较大横截面端逐渐变细的金属波导的长度; 用于在波导的小端处注入相对论电子的螺旋光束以在其中轴向传播的磁控管型电子注入枪，使得锥形波导的壁半径在电子束的下游方向上增加; 用于发射电磁波的输入耦合器，以在其波导端的大波导端处放大到波导中，使得输入波中的各个频率沿着波导锥度的收缩部的各个点被反射，使得它们与波导锥形共同传播并被放大 电子束; 以及用于在锥形波导内产生具有大致按照以下等式的独特轮廓的磁路，以保持同步：其中z下标是波导轴向，其中ORTHOGONAL下标表示垂直于 该轴向方向，o下标表示电子束进入波导的入口处的那些量。 实验发现该装置具有可忽略的发射损失和对电子速度传播的低灵敏度。
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9.发明授权Low-noise, crossed-field devices such as a microwave magnetron having an azimuthally-varying axial magnetic field and microwave oven utilizing same 失效具有方位角变化的轴向磁场的微波磁控管等低噪声交叉场设备和利用其的微波炉公开(公告)号：US06921890B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-26
申请号：US10643405
申请日：2003-08-19
摘要： Cost-effective, simple, low-noise, crossed-field devices such as a microwave magnetron, a microwave oven utilizing same, and crossed-field amplifier utilize an azimuthally varying, axial magnetic field. The magnetic configuration reduces and eliminates microwave and radio frequency noise. This microwave noise is present near the carrier frequency and as sidebands, far separated from the carrier. The device utilizes azimuthally-varying, axial, magnetic field perturbations. At least one permanent perturbing magnet having an azimuthally-varying magnetic field impressed thereupon causes the axial magnetic field to vary azimuthally in the magnetron and completely eliminates the microwave noise and unwanted frequencies. Preferably, the number of axial magnetic field perturbations is based on the number of cavities of the magnetron.
摘要翻译： 低成本，简单，低噪声的交叉场设备如微波磁控管，利用其的微波炉和交叉场放大器利用方位角变化的轴向磁场。 磁性配置降低并消除了微波和射频噪声。 这种微波噪声存在于载波频率附近，并且与载波分离很远的边带。 该装置利用方位角变化的轴向磁场扰动。 至少有一个永久扰动磁体，其上施加有方位角变化的磁场，导致轴向磁场在磁控管中的方位角改变，并完全消除了微波噪声和不期望的频率。 优选地，轴向磁场扰动的数量基于磁控管的空腔的数量。
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10.发明授权Low-noise, crossed-field devices such as a microwave magnetron, microwave oven utilizing same and method of converting a noisy magnetron to a low-noise magnetron 失效低噪声，交叉场设备如微波磁控管，利用微波炉的微波炉以及将噪声磁控管转换成低噪声磁控管的方法公开(公告)号：US06872929B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-29
申请号：US10417655
申请日：2003-04-17
摘要： Low-noise, crossed-field devices such as a microwave magnetron, a microwave oven utilizing same, crossed-field amplifier and a method of converting a noisy magnetron to a low-noise magnetron utilize an azimuthally varying, axial magnetic field. The magnetic configuration reduces and eliminates microwave and radio frequency noise. This microwave noise is present near the carrier frequency and as sidebands, far separated from the carrier. The device utilizes azimuthally varying, axial, magnetic field perturbations. In one embodiment, at least one permanent magnet is placed against the azimuthally-symmetric, axial magnetic field magnetron magnets (four magnets work especially well). This additional permanent magnet(s) causes the axial magnetic field to vary azimuthally in the magnetron and completely eliminates the microwave noise and unwanted frequencies.
摘要翻译： 诸如微波磁控管，利用其的微波炉，交叉场放大器和将噪声磁控管转换成低噪声磁控管的方法的低噪声交叉场设备利用方位角变化的轴向磁场。 磁性配置降低并消除了微波和射频噪声。 这种微波噪声存在于载波频率附近，并且与载波分离很远的边带。 该装置利用方位角变化的轴向磁场扰动。 在一个实施例中，至少一个永磁体被放置在方位对称的轴向磁场磁控管磁体（四个磁体工作特别好）上。 这种额外的永久磁铁使轴向磁场在磁控管中的方位角改变，并完全消除了微波噪声和不期望的频率。
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