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公开(公告)号：US4822410A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-18
申请号：US167326
申请日：1988-03-14
Applicant: Edwin Matovich
Inventor： Edwin Matovich
CPC classification number: C22B5/16 , B22F9/12 , B22F9/22 , C22B5/10 , C22B5/14 , C22B7/009 , C22B7/02 , B22F2999/00 , Y02P10/214
Abstract: A high-temperature chemical reaction process is performed in which a finely-divided volatile carbonaceous reductant is intimately mixed with finely-divided transition metal compounds and introduced, in entrained flow, into a strong radiative environment, inducing preferential heating of the solids and causing gasification of the volatile carbonaceous reductant principally to carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas. The gases in turn reduce the metal compounds to their parent metals. Nonvolatile metals in the form of small solid spheres are readily separated from their physical mixtures with spherical inorganic slags, making the process useful for the reclamation of metals from spent catalysts and low-grade ores. Because of the heterogeneous temperature distribution in the stream, reduced volatile metals are readily distilled out of nonvolatile melts, and condense in the cooler gas component of the stream as fine powders which are easily separated from the larger nonvolatile metal and slag fractions. This property of the process is particularly useful in the reclamation of metals from electric arc furnace dust.
Abstract translation: 进行高温化学反应过程，其中将细碎的挥发性碳质还原剂与细碎的过渡金属化合物紧密混合，并以夹带的流动引入强辐射环境，诱导固体的优先加热并引起气化 的挥发性碳质还原剂主要是一氧化碳气体和氢气。 气体又将金属化合物还原成其母体金属。 小固体球形式的非挥发性金属很容易与其物理混合物与球形无机渣分离，使得该方法可用于从废催化剂和低等级矿石中回收金属。 由于流中的不均匀的温度分布，易挥发的金属容易从不挥发的熔体中蒸出，并且在流的较冷的气体组分中冷凝成细小的粉末，这些粉末很容易与较大的非挥发性金属和渣组分分离。 该方法的特性在电弧炉粉尘回收金属中特别有用。
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公开(公告)号：US4042334A
公开(公告)日：1977-08-16
申请号：US591950
申请日：1975-06-30
Applicant: Edwin Matovich
Inventor： Edwin Matovich
CPC classification number: C10G9/20 , B01J12/005 , C01B3/342 , C10J3/466 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/723 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/76 , C10J3/78 , B01J2208/00495 , C10G2400/20 , C10G2400/30 , C10J2200/09 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0973 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/0986 , C10J2300/1269 , F02B1/04 , F02F2007/0092 , Y10S422/906 , Y10S48/05
Abstract: A high temperature reactor comprises a tube which defines a reactor chamber; means for introducing the inert fluid into the reactor tube to provide a protective blanket for the inside surface of the tube; means for introducing reactants into the chamber, the reactants being confined centrally within the chamber by the protective blanket; and, means for generating high intensity radiant energy which is directed into the chamber to coincide with at least a portion of the path of the reactants.
Abstract translation: 高温反应器包括限定反应室的管; 用于将惰性流体引入反应器管中以提供管的内表面的保护层的装置; 用于将反应物引入室中的装置，反应物被保护层中心地集中在室内; 以及用于产生高强度辐射能的装置，其被引导到所述室中以与所述反应物的路径的至少一部分重合。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4056602A
公开(公告)日：1977-11-01
申请号：US616393
申请日：1975-09-24
Applicant: Edwin Matovich
Inventor： Edwin Matovich
IPC: B01J12/00 , C01B3/34 , C01B31/08 , C01B31/26 , C01B31/30 , C09C1/48 , C09K3/14 , C10G15/08 , C10G32/02 , C10G32/04 , C10J3/74 , C21B13/00 , C21B13/04 , C22B5/02 , C01B31/36 , C10G9/42
CPC classification number: C22B5/02 , B01J12/005 , C01B3/342 , C01B31/08 , C01B31/26 , C01B31/30 , C09C1/48 , C09K3/1436 , C10G15/08 , C10G32/02 , C10G32/04 , C10J3/466 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/723 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/76 , C10J3/78 , C10K3/006 , C21B13/00 , C21B13/04 , C01P2004/20 , C01P2004/32 , C01P2006/60 , C01P2006/80 , C10J2200/09 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0973 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/0986 , C10J2300/1269 , Y02P10/136
Abstract: High temperature chemical reaction processes utilizing fluid-wall reactors can be conducted in fluid-wall reactors by a process which includes the steps of (a) generating a shell of a refractory material which reflects radiation, the volume enclosed by the shell constituting a black body cavity; (b) generating within the black body cavity an annular envelope of an inert fluid which is substantially transparent to radiation, the envelope having substantial axial length and the interior of the envelope defining a reaction chamber; (c) passing at least one reactant into the black body cavity and through the reaction chamber along a predetermined path substantially coincident with the longitudinal axis of the envelope, the reactants being confined within the reaction chamber; and (d) directing high intensity radiant energy into the reaction chamber to coincide with at least a portion of the predetermined path of the reactants, sufficient radiant energy being absorbed within the reaction chamber to raise the temperature of the reactants to a level required to initiate and sustain the desired chemical reaction.
Abstract translation: 利用流体壁反应器的高温化学反应方法可以通过包括以下步骤的方法在流体壁反应器中进行：（a）产生反射辐射的耐火材料壳，由构成黑体的壳体包围的体积 腔体 （b）在黑色体腔内产生对辐射基本上透明的惰性流体的环形包络体，所述封套具有大致的轴向长度，并且所述封套的内部限定反应室; （c）将至少一种反应物沿着基本上与外壳的纵向轴线重合的预定路径穿过反应室，反应物被限制在反应室内; 和（d）将高强度辐射能量引导到反应室中以与反应物的预定路径的至少一部分重合，在反应室内吸收足够的辐射能，以将反应物的温度升高至启动所需的水平 并维持所需的化学反应。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4044117A
公开(公告)日：1977-08-23
申请号：US591949
申请日：1975-06-30
Applicant: Edwin Matovich
Inventor： Edwin Matovich
CPC classification number: C09C1/48 , B01J12/005 , C10J3/466 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/723 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/76 , C10J3/78 , B01J19/00 , B01J2208/00495 , C10G2400/20 , C10G2400/30 , C10J2200/09 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0973 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/0986 , C10J2300/1269 , F02B1/04 , F02F2007/0092
Abstract: High temperature chemical reaction processes utilizing fluid-wall reactors can be conducted in fluid-wall reactors by a process which includes the steps of (1) generating a shell of a refractory material which reflects radiation, the volume enclosed by the shell constituting a black body cavity; (2) generating within the black body cavity an annular envelope of an inert fluid which is substantially transparent to radiation, the envelope having substantial axial length and the interior of the envelope defining a reaction chamber; (3) passing at least one reactant into the black body cavity and through the reaction chamber along a predetermined path substantially coincident with the longitudinal axis of the envelope, the reactants being confined within the reaction chamber; and (4) directing high intensity radiant energy into the reaction chamber to coincide with at least a portion of the predetermined path of the reactants, sufficient radiant energy being absorbed within the reaction chamber to raise the temperature of the reactants to a level required to initiate and sustain the desired chemical reaction.
Abstract translation: 利用流体壁反应器的高温化学反应方法可以通过包括以下步骤的方法在流体壁反应器中进行：（1）产生反射辐射的耐火材料壳体，壳体由构成黑体的壳体 腔体 （2）在黑色体腔内产生对辐射基本透明的惰性流体的环形外壳，该外壳具有相当大的轴向长度，并且该外壳的内部限定一个反应室; （3）将至少一种反应物通过基本上与壳体的纵向轴线重合的预定路径穿过反应室，反应物被限制在反应室内; 和（4）将高强度辐射能量引导到反应室中以与反应物的预定路径的至少一部分重合，在反应室内吸收足够的辐射能，以将反应物的温度升高至启动所需的水平 并维持所需的化学反应。
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公开(公告)号：US4275493A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-30
申请号：US955532
申请日：1978-10-30
Applicant: Edwin Matovich , James B. Copelan
Inventor： Edwin Matovich , James B. Copelan
CPC classification number: B23P15/22 , B01J19/0053 , B01J2219/00155 , Y10T29/49085 , Y10T29/49877 , Y10T29/49888 , Y10T428/30
Abstract: A reactor tube for a high temperature chemical reactor having a precisely controllable porosity comprises a plurality of layers of a fabric of a fibrous refractory material such as carbon or graphite cloth. Difficulties connected with the handling of carbon cloth, which has an extremely high coefficient of friction, are substantially eliminated by winding the cloth on a mandrel to form the reactor tube. After winding, the mandrel is contracted, allowing its removal without damaging the inside surface of the tube. Heating elements for the high temperature chemical reactor are also formed by winding carbon cloth on a mandrel. A preferred embodiment of the reactor contemplates that a plurality of such heating elements be positioned radially outwardly of the reactor tube.
Abstract translation: 用于具有精确可控孔隙率的高温化学反应器的反应器管包括多层纤维耐火材料如碳或石墨布的织物层。 通过将布卷绕在心轴上以形成反应器管，基本上消除了与具有非常高的摩擦系数的碳布的处理相关联的困难。 卷绕后，心轴收缩，允许其去除而不损坏管的内表面。 用于高温化学反应器的加热元件也通过将碳布卷绕在心轴上而形成。 反应器的优选实施例考虑到多个这样的加热元件位于反应器管的径向外侧。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US4036181A
公开(公告)日：1977-07-19
申请号：US649964
申请日：1976-01-19
Applicant: Edwin Matovich
Inventor： Edwin Matovich
CPC classification number: F02B43/10 , B01J12/005 , C10J3/466 , B01J2208/00495 , C10G2400/20 , C10G2400/30 , C10J2200/31 , F02B1/04 , F02F2007/0092 , Y02T10/32
Abstract: A fuel converter for a transportation vehicle includes a fuel container for a hydrocarbon fuel, an auxiliary container for water or for an inert fluid which is substantially transparent to radiant energy, an electrical power source, and a high temperature fluid-wall reactor.The high temperature fluid-wall reactor has at least one input for the hydrocarbon fuel and for water or the inert fluid, an electrical power input, and an output. Means are provided for metering the hydrocarbon fuel, water or the inert fluid, and electrical power into the appropriate inputs of the reactor. A manifold connects the output of the reactor to a combustion fuel input of the engine of the vehicle. By means of the fuel converter, a variety of low grade and inexpensive hydrocarbon fuels may be converted into combustible mixtures such as carbon black and hydrogen or carbon monoxide and hydrogen which are suitable as fuel for an internal combustion engine. The level of hydrocarbon pollutants in the exhaust of the engine is substantially reduced relative to the exhaust from the engine when burning an unmodified hydrocarbon fuel.
Abstract translation: 用于运输车辆的燃料转化器包括用于烃燃料的燃料容器，用于水的辅助容器或对辐射能基本上透明的惰性流体，电源和高温流体壁反应器。高 高温流体壁反应器具有至少一个用于烃燃料和水或惰性流体的输入，电力输入和输出。 提供了用于计量碳氢化合物燃料，水或惰性流体以及电力进入反应堆的适当输入的装置。 歧管将反应器的输出连接到车辆的发动机的燃烧燃料输入。 通过燃料转化器，各种低等级和便宜的烃燃料可以转化为可燃混合物，例如炭黑和氢气，一氧化碳和氢气，其适合作为内燃机的燃料。 当燃烧未改性的烃燃料时，发动机排气中的碳氢化合物污染物水平相对于来自发动机的排气量大大降低。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4095974A
公开(公告)日：1978-06-20
申请号：US749419
申请日：1976-12-10
Applicant: Edwin Matovich
Inventor： Edwin Matovich
IPC: B01J12/00 , C01B3/34 , C01B31/08 , C01B31/26 , C01B31/30 , C09C1/48 , C09K3/14 , C10G15/08 , C10G32/02 , C10J3/74 , C21B13/00 , C21B13/04 , C22B5/10 , C22B5/12 , B22F9/00 , C22B1/00
CPC classification number: C10G32/04 , B01J12/005 , C01B3/342 , C01B31/08 , C01B31/265 , C01B31/30 , C09C1/48 , C09K3/1409 , C09K3/1436 , C10G15/08 , C10G32/02 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/723 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/76 , C10J3/78 , C10J3/84 , C21B13/00 , C21B13/04 , C22B5/10 , C22B5/12 , C01P2004/20 , C01P2004/32 , C01P2006/60 , C01P2006/80 , C10J2200/09 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0973 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/0986 , C10J2300/1269 , Y02P10/136
Abstract: A high temperature chemical reaction process in which mineral ores or inorganic compounds are reduced to a lower valence state with hydrogen, carbon, synthesis gas, or other reducing agent can be conducted in fluid-wall reactors by a process which includes the steps of (a) generating an annular envelope of an inert fluid which is substantially transparent to radiation within a shell of a refractory material which reflects radiation; the volume enclosed by the shell constituting a black body cavity, the envelope having substantial axial length and the interior of the envelope defining a reaction chamber; (b) passing at least one reactant into the black body cavity and through the reaction chamber along a predetermined path substantially coincident with the longitudinal axis of the envelope, the reactants being confined within the reaction chamber; and (c) directing high intensity radiant energy into the reaction chamber to coincide with at least a portion of the predetermined path of the reactants, sufficient radiant energy being absorbed within the reaction chamber to raise the temperature of the reactants to a level required to initiate and sustain the desired chemical reaction.
Abstract translation: 使用氢，碳，合成气或其它还原剂将矿物矿石或无机化合物还原成较低价态的高温化学反应方法可以通过包括以下步骤的方法在流体壁反应器中进行：（a ）产生对反射辐射的耐火材料的壳体内的辐射基本上透明的惰性流体的环形包层; 由壳体包围的体积构成黑体腔，所述外壳具有大的轴向长度，并且所述外壳的内部限定反应室; （b）将至少一种反应物沿着与封套的纵向轴线基本重合的预定路径通过反应室，并将反应物限制在反应室内; 和（c）将高强度辐射能量引导到反应室中以与反应物的预定路径的至少一部分重合，在反应室内吸收足够的辐射能，以将反应物的温度升高至启动所需的水平 并维持所需的化学反应。
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公开(公告)号：US4057396A
公开(公告)日：1977-11-08
申请号：US631912
申请日：1975-11-14
Applicant: Edwin Matovich
Inventor： Edwin Matovich
CPC classification number: B01J12/005 , C10J3/466 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/723 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/76 , C10J3/78 , B01J2208/00495 , C10G2400/20 , C10G2400/30 , C10J2200/09 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0973 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/0986 , C10J2300/1269 , F02B1/04 , F02F2007/0092 , Y10S423/05 , Y10S48/05
Abstract: A fluid-wall reactor for high temperature chemical reactions comprising (A) a porous reactor tube, at least a portion of the interior of which defines a reaction zone, the tube being made of an electrically resistive, porous refractory material; (B) a pressure vessel enclosing the reactor tube to define an inert fluid plenum, the pressure vessel having at least one inlet for admitting the inert fluid which is directed under pressure through the porous tube wall to provide a protective blanket for the inside surface of the reactor tube; (C) means for introducing at least one reactant into the reaction zone, the reactants being directed in a predetermined path axially of the reactor tube and being confined by the protective blanket substantially centrally within the reaction zone; (D) means for passing an electric current through the reactor tube for heating the reactor tube to the temperature level at which it emits sufficient radiant energy to initiate and sustain the desired chemical reaction, the radiant energy being directed into the reaction zone to coincide with at least a portion of the path of the reactants; and (E) a heat shield disposed within the pressure vessel, substantially enclosing the reaction zone to define a black body cavity, the heat shield reflecting radiant energy toward the reaction zone.
Abstract translation: 一种用于高温化学反应的流体壁反应器，包括（A）多孔反应器管，其内部的至少一部分限定了反应区，该管由电阻多孔耐火材料制成; （B）包围反应器管以限定惰性流体增压室的压力容器，所述压力容器具有至少一个入口，用于允许在压力下通过多孔管壁引导的惰性流体，以提供用于内部表面的保护层 反应器管; （C）用于将至少一种反应物引入反应区的装置，反应物被引导在反应器管轴向的预定路径中，并被保护层限制在基本上位于反应区内的中心; （D）用于使电流通过反应器管以将反应器管加热至其发射足够的辐射能的温度水平以启动并维持所需化学反应的装置，辐射能被引入反应区以与 反应物的路径的至少一部分; 和（E）设置在所述压力容器内的热屏蔽件，基本上包围所述反应区域以限定黑色体腔，所述隔热板反射朝向所述反应区域的辐射能量。
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公开(公告)号：US4637858A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-20
申请号：US705156
申请日：1985-02-25
Applicant: Edwin Matovich , Robert J. Spannuth
Inventor： Edwin Matovich , Robert J. Spannuth
CPC classification number: D21C11/125 , Y10S423/03
Abstract: This invention is a process for recovering sodium hydroxide directly from black liquor. The process involves pyrolyzing the black liquor in the absence of oxygen to produce a product containing sodium carbide, and hydrolyzing the sodium carbide to form sodium hydroxide. The pyrolysis is carried out at about 4000.degree. F. using radiant energy.
Abstract translation: 本发明是直接从黑液中回收氢氧化钠的方法。 该方法包括在不存在氧气的情况下热解黑液以产生含有碳化钠的产物，并水解碳化钠以形成氢氧化钠。 热解在约4000°F下使用辐射能进行。
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公开(公告)号：US4234543A
公开(公告)日：1980-11-18
申请号：US955530
申请日：1978-10-30
Applicant: Edwin Matovich
Inventor： Edwin Matovich
CPC classification number: B01J19/122 , B01J3/042
Abstract: A high-temperature, fluid-wall chemical reactor can be equipped with a variable profile, counterflow heat exchanger and a reaction product control system. The heat exchanger includes two tubular walls, positioned concentric of one another, and a spiral baffle disposed between the two walls to define a spiral, annular coolant channel. The walls and baffle are made of a refractory material. The heat exchanger has an inlet and an outlet to permit a coolant to be circulated through the coolant channel. The reaction product control system includes a reaction product analyzer and means for withdrawing and transferring samples of reaction product exiting the reactor. The reaction product analyzer can receive samples of reaction product and generate a signal corresponding to deviations between the chemical composition of the product and a preselected composition. The control system also includes a reactor temperature controller to vary a temperature of the reactor in response to the signal from the reaction product analyzer to reduce the deviations.
Abstract translation: 高温，流体壁化学反应器可配备可变型，逆流式热交换器和反应产物控制系统。 热交换器包括彼此同心定位的两个管状壁和设置在两个壁之间以限定螺旋形环形冷却剂通道的螺旋挡板。 墙壁和挡板由耐火材料制成。 热交换器具有允许冷却剂通过冷却剂通道循环的入口和出口。 反应产物控制系统包括反应产物分析器和用于抽出和转移离开反应器的反应产物样品的装置。 反应产物分析仪可以接收反应产物的样品并产生对应于产物的化学成分与预选组合物之间的偏差的信号。 控制系统还包括反应器温度控制器，以响应于来自反应产物分析仪的信号来改变反应器的温度以减少偏差。
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