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公开(公告)号：US08748785B2
公开(公告)日：2014-06-10
申请号：US12015842
申请日：2008-01-17
申请人： Eric Jordan , Baki M. Cetegen , Kamal Hadidi , Paul Woskov
发明人： Eric Jordan , Baki M. Cetegen , Kamal Hadidi , Paul Woskov
CPC分类号： C23C16/511 , C23C4/134 , C23C16/513 , H05H1/30
摘要： A microwave plasma apparatus for processing a material includes a plasma chamber, a microwave radiation source, and a waveguide guiding microwave radiation from the microwave radiation source to the plasma chamber. A process gas flows through the plasma chamber and the microwave radiation couples to the process gas to produce a plasma jet. A process material is introduced to the plasma chamber, becomes entrained in the plasma jet, and is thereby transformed to a stream of product material droplets or particles. The product material droplets or particles are substantially more uniform in size, velocity, temperature, and melt state than are droplets or particles produced by prior devices.
摘要翻译： 用于处理材料的微波等离子体装置包括等离子体室，微波辐射源和引导从微波辐射源到等离子体室的微波辐射的波导。 工艺气体流过等离子体室，并且微波辐射耦合到工艺气体以产生等离子体射流。 将工艺材料引入到等离子体室中，夹带在等离子体射流中，从而转化为产物物料液滴或颗粒物流。 产品材料液滴或颗粒在尺寸，速度，温度和熔融状态方面比由现有装置产生的液滴或颗粒大致更均匀。
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公开(公告)号：US20080173641A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-24
申请号：US12015842
申请日：2008-01-17
申请人： Kamal Hadidi , Baki M. Cetegen , Eric Jordan , Paul Woskov
发明人： Kamal Hadidi , Baki M. Cetegen , Eric Jordan , Paul Woskov
IPC分类号： H05B6/70
CPC分类号： C23C16/511 , C23C4/134 , C23C16/513 , H05H1/30
摘要： A microwave plasma apparatus for processing a material includes a plasma chamber, a microwave radiation source, and a waveguide guiding microwave radiation from the microwave radiation source to the plasma chamber. A process gas flows through the plasma chamber and the microwave radiation couples to the process gas to produce a plasma jet. A process material is introduced to the plasma chamber, becomes entrained in the plasma jet, and is thereby transformed to a stream of product material droplets or particles. The product material droplets or particles are substantially more uniform in size, velocity, temperature, and melt state than are droplets or particles produced by prior devices.
摘要翻译： 用于处理材料的微波等离子体装置包括等离子体室，微波辐射源和引导从微波辐射源到等离子体室的微波辐射的波导。 工艺气体流过等离子体室，并且微波辐射耦合到工艺气体以产生等离子体射流。 将工艺材料引入到等离子体室中，夹带在等离子体射流中，从而转化为产物物料液滴或颗粒物流。 产品材料液滴或颗粒在尺寸，速度，温度和熔融状态方面比由现有装置产生的液滴或颗粒大致更均匀。
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公开(公告)号：US07453566B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-18
申请号：US11513798
申请日：2006-08-31
申请人： Kamal Hadidi , Paul Woskov
发明人： Kamal Hadidi , Paul Woskov
摘要： Hybrid plasma monitor. A ground electrode is spaced apart from a high voltage electrode supporting an electric discharge therebetween to generate a plasma. The ground electrode and the high voltage electrode form an annular region into which a sample is introduced for generating a plasma. Microwave radiation couples into the plasma to sustain the plasma. A light detector such as a spectrometer receives light resulting from atomic emissions from the sample to analyze elements in the sample.
摘要翻译： 混合式等离子体显示器 接地电极与支撑其之间的放电的高压电极间隔开以产生等离子体。 接地电极和高压电极形成环形区域，样品被引入其中以产生等离子体。 微波辐射耦合到等离子体中以维持等离子体。 诸如光谱仪的光检测器接收来自样品的原子发射产生的光，以分析样品中的元素。
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公开(公告)号：US5909277A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-01
申请号：US40190
申请日：1998-02-13
申请人： Paul Woskov , Kamal Hadidi , Paul Thomas
发明人： Paul Woskov , Kamal Hadidi , Paul Thomas
IPC分类号： G01N21/73
CPC分类号： G01N21/73
摘要： The apparatus for analyzing a sample gas includes a source of microwave energy directed onto the sample gas to create a plasma. A spectrometer is arranged to receive light from the plasma to identify different elements and/or to determine the concentration of at least one element in the sample gas. In one embodiment, an attached calibration system is provided for calibrating the output of the spectrometer. The calibration system includes a nebulizer apparatus for introducing a controlled amount of at least one element into the sample gas. The apparatus also includes structure adapted to add a swirl component to the plasma gas flow as an aid to plasma confinement. It is also preferred that a pair of electrodes contacting the sample gas be provided for igniting the plasma.
摘要翻译： 用于分析样品气体的装置包括被引导到样品气体上以产生等离子体的微波能量源。 光谱仪布置成接收来自等离子体的光以识别不同的元件和/或确定样品气体中的至少一种元素的浓度。 在一个实施例中，提供附接的校准系统用于校准光谱仪的输出。 校准系统包括用于将受控量的至少一种元素引入到样品气体中的雾化器装置。 该装置还包括适于将涡旋组分添加到等离子气体流中的结构，以帮助等离子体限制。 还优选提供与样品气体接触的一对电极用于点燃等离子体。
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公开(公告)号：US20080055594A1
公开(公告)日：2008-03-06
申请号：US11513798
申请日：2006-08-31
申请人： Kamal Hadidi , Paul Woskov
发明人： Kamal Hadidi , Paul Woskov
IPC分类号： G01J3/30
摘要： Hybrid plasma monitor. A ground electrode is spaced apart from a high voltage electrode supporting an electric discharge therebetween to generate a plasma. The ground electrode and the high voltage electrode form an annular region into which a sample is introduced for generating a plasma. Microwave radiation couples into the plasma to sustain the plasma. A light detector such as a spectrometer receives light resulting from atomic emissions from the sample to analyze elements in the sample.
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公开(公告)号：US06362449B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-26
申请号：US09133063
申请日：1998-08-12
申请人： Kamal Hadidi , Paul Woskov
发明人： Kamal Hadidi , Paul Woskov
IPC分类号： B23K1000
CPC分类号： H05H1/30
摘要： High power microwave plasma torch. The torch includes a source of microwave energy which is propagated by a waveguide. The waveguide has no structural restrictions between the source of microwave energy and the plasma to effect resonance. The gas flows across the waveguide and microwave energy is coupled into the gas to create a plasma. At least 5 kilowatts of microwave energy is coupled into the gas. It is preferred that the waveguide be a fundamental mode waveguide or a quasi-optical overmoded waveguide. In one embodiment, the plasma torch is used in a furnace for heating a material within the furnace.
摘要翻译： 大功率微波等离子火炬。 手电筒包括由波导传播的微波能量源。 波导在微波能量源和等离子体之间没有结构限制来实现共振。 气体流过波导并且微波能量被耦合到气体中以产生等离子体。 至少5千瓦的微波能量耦合到气体中。 优选的是，波导是基波模式波导或准光过滤波导。 在一个实施例中，等离子体焰炬用于加热炉内的材料的炉中。
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7.发明授权Gas processing for waste treatment unit having combined joule and arc heating electrode 有权具有组合焦耳和电弧加热电极的废物处理单元的气体处理公开(公告)号：US07425248B1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-16
申请号：US09592176
申请日：2000-06-12
申请人： Paul Woskov , David Y. Rhee , David A. Lamar , Jeffrey E. Surma
发明人： Paul Woskov , David Y. Rhee , David A. Lamar , Jeffrey E. Surma
CPC分类号： C10J3/46 , B01D53/32 , B01D2259/806 , C10J2300/123 , C10J2300/1276
摘要： A gas processing chamber for treating a gas stream containing an oxidant and carbon particles, having a gas inlet port for receiving the gas stream from a high temperature processing chamber, a gas outlet port for exhausting the processed gas stream, a microwave source for introducing microwave energy into the gas processing chamber having a sufficient power to induce the carbon to react with the oxidant, a microwave waveguide to direct the microwave energy at the gas stream for processing, a reflected microwave power dump for protecting the microwave source from reflected microwave power, and a window seal to separate the gas stream from the microwave source.
摘要翻译： 一种气体处理室，用于处理含有氧化剂和碳颗粒的气流，具有用于从高温处理室接收气流的气体入口，用于排出经处理的气流的气体出口，用于引入微波的微波源 能量进入气体处理室，其具有足够的功率以引起碳与氧化剂反应;微波波导，用于将气体流中的微波能量引导进行处理;用于保护微波源免受反射的微波功率的反射微波功率转储， 和用于将气流与微波源分离的窗口密封件。
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8.发明授权Compact trace element sensor which utilizes microwave generated plasma and which is portable by an individual 失效利用微波产生的等离子体并由个人携带的紧凑的微量元素传感器
公开(公告)号：US5825485A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-20
申请号：US552677
申请日：1995-11-03
CPC分类号： G01N21/68
摘要： A method and portable apparatus for self-powered, sensitive analysis of solid, liquid or gas samples for the presence of elements is provided. The apparatus includes a compact sensor system which utilizes a microwave power source and a shorted waveguide to induce a plasma. The microwave power source may be a magnetron or the like. The device includes a portable power supply and preferably includes a portable battery charger. The portable power supply includes a compact generator- internal combustion engine unit. The device can be operated by directly using power from the portable power supply or in a more compact embodiment by using power from batteries that are recharged by a separate portable power supply module. Pulsed microwave operation can be used to reduce average power requirements and facilitate the use of very compact units using batteries. The device is capable of being transported to and from remote sites for analysis by an individual without the need for heavy transportation equipment. A computer may be utilized to control the portable power supply, the battery charger and the microwave power source. The method and apparatus are capable of analyzing samples for the presence of several elements simultaneously using fiber optic guides and a spectrometer system. The apparatus can be contained in a plurality of readily detachable modules to facilitate transportation and field operation.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于固体，液体或气体样品用于元件存在的自供电敏感分析的方法和便携式设备。 该装置包括利用微波功率源和短路波导来诱导等离子体的小型传感器系统。 微波功率源可以是磁控管等。 该装置包括便携式电源，并且优选地包括便携式电池充电器。 便携式电源包括紧凑型发电机 - 内燃机单元。 可以通过直接使用来自便携式电源的电力或通过使用由单独的便携式电源模块再充电的电池的电力在更紧凑的实施例中来操作该装置。 脉冲微波操作可用于降低平均功率需求，并有助于使用非常紧凑的单元使用电池。 该设备能够被运送到远程站点和从远程站点进行分析，无需重型运输设备。 可以使用计算机来控制便携式电源，电池充电器和微波电源。 该方法和装置能够使用光纤引导件和光谱仪系统同时分析几个元件的存在。 该装置可以容纳在多个容易拆卸的模块中，以便于运输和现场操作。
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9.发明授权Compact trace element sensor which utilizes microwave generated plasma and which is portable by an individual 失效利用微波产生的等离子体并由个人携带的紧凑的微量元素传感器
公开(公告)号：US6081329A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-27
申请号：US174679
申请日：1998-10-19
CPC分类号： G01N21/68
摘要： A method and portable apparatus for self-powered, sensitive analysis of solid, liquid or gas samples for the presence of elements is provided. The apparatus includes a compact sensor system which utilizes a microwave power source and a shorted waveguide to induce a plasma. The microwave power source may be a magnetron or the like. The device includes a portable power supply and preferably includes a portable battery charger. The portable power supply includes a compact generator-internal combustion engine unit. The device can be operated by directly using power from the portable power supply or in a more compact embodiment by using power from batteries that are recharged by a separate portable power supply module. Pulsed microwave operation can be used to reduce average power requirements and facilitate the use of very compact units using batteries. The device is capable of being transported to and from remote sites for analysis by an individual without the need for heavy transportation equipment. A computer may be utilized to control the portable power supply, the battery charger and the microwave power source. The method and apparatus are capable of analyzing samples for the presence of several elements simultaneously using fiber optic guides and a spectrometer system. The apparatus can be contained in a plurality of readily detactable modules to facilitate transportation and field operation.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于固体，液体或气体样品用于元件存在的自供电敏感分析的方法和便携式设备。 该装置包括利用微波功率源和短路波导来诱导等离子体的小型传感器系统。 微波功率源可以是磁控管等。 该装置包括便携式电源，并且优选地包括便携式电池充电器。 便携式电源包括紧凑型发电机 - 内燃机单元。 可以通过直接使用来自便携式电源的电力或通过使用由单独的便携式电源模块再充电的电池的电力在更紧凑的实施例中来操作该装置。 脉冲微波操作可用于降低平均功率需求，并有助于使用非常紧凑的单元使用电池。 该设备能够被运送到远程站点和从远程站点进行分析，无需重型运输设备。 可以使用计算机来控制便携式电源，电池充电器和微波电源。 该方法和装置能够使用光纤引导件和光谱仪系统同时分析几个元件的存在。 该装置可以容纳在多个易于拆卸的模块中，以便于运输和现场操作。
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公开(公告)号：US08525085B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-03
申请号：US12596585
申请日：2007-05-10
CPC分类号： B01J19/126 , B01J19/12 , B01J2219/0879 , B01J2219/1239 , B01J2219/1269 , B01J2219/1293 , G21F9/305
摘要： The melter includes a vessel and structure for introducing waste material into the vessel. Waveguide structure is provided for introducing millimeter wave electromagnetic radiation into the vessel to heat the waste material. A gyrotron is a preferred source for the millimeter wave electromagnetic radiation.
摘要翻译： 熔化器包括用于将废料引入容器的容器和结构。 提供波导结构，用于将毫米波电磁辐射引入容器中以加热废料。 陀螺仪是毫米波电磁辐射的优选来源。
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