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1.发明授权Control system for a hybrid system consisting of at least one energy accumulator and one energy source 有权由至少一个蓄能器和一个能源组成的混合动力系统的控制系统公开(公告)号：US06424115B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-23
申请号：US09719629
申请日：2000-12-15
申请人： Eugen Holl , Hans-Peter Lang , Jürgen Fetzer , Manfred Schmidt
发明人： Eugen Holl , Hans-Peter Lang , Jürgen Fetzer , Manfred Schmidt
IPC分类号： H01M1046
CPC分类号： B60W20/13 , B60L11/14 , B60L11/1887 , B60L15/2045 , B60L2200/18 , B60W10/26 , B60W20/00 , B60W2510/244 , Y02T10/645 , Y02T10/70 , Y02T10/7077 , Y02T10/7283 , Y02T90/34
摘要： The present invention relates to a control system for a hybrid system comprising at least one energy store (1) and an energy source (2), the control system using a charge state (Z) in the at least one energy store (1), a nominal operating point (P11) of the energy source (2) and a system power (P1) which is currently to be output to ascertain a storage power (P3) which is to be output or received by the at least one energy store (1) and a source power (P2) which is to be output by the energy source (2) on the basis of at least one optimization criterion. In order to create a particularly flexible control system, the invention provides that at least one charge limit value (P4, P7, P8) and at least one discharge limit value (P5, P9, P10) for the at least one energy store (1) and a power limit value (P12) for the energy source (2) are also used at the same time in order to ascertain the storage power (P3) and the source power (P2), and that the at least one charge limit value (P4, P7, P8), the at least one discharge limit value (P5, P9, P10), the power limit value (P12) and the nominal operating point (P11) can be parameterized via an interface (5) in the control system.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于混合系统的控制系统，包括至少一个能量存储器（1）和能量源（2），所述控制系统在所述至少一个能量存储器（1）中使用充电状态（Z） 能量源（2）的标称工作点（P11）和当前要输出的系统功率（P1）以确定由至少一个能量存储器输出或接收的存储功率（P3） 1）和由能量源（2）输出的源功率（P2），其基于至少一个优化标准。 为了创建特别灵活的控制系统，本发明提供了至少一个能量存储器（1）的至少一个充电限制值（P4，P7，P8）和至少一个放电极限值（P5，P9，P10） ）和用于能量源（2）的功率限制值（P12）同时被使用以确定存储功率（P3）和源功率（P2），并且至少一个充电限制值 （P4，P7，P8），可以通过控制器中的接口（5）来参数化至少一个排出限制值（P5，P9，P10），功率限制值（P12）和标称工作点（P11） 系统。
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公开(公告)号：US09281359B2
公开(公告)日：2016-03-08
申请号：US13589717
申请日：2012-08-20
IPC分类号： H01L29/66 , H01L29/06 , H01L21/762 , H01L21/02 , H01L23/48 , H01L27/06 , H01L29/417 , H01L29/78 , H01L21/74 , H01L29/861 , H01L21/8234 , H01L29/40 , H01L29/45
CPC分类号： H01L27/0694 , H01L21/02 , H01L21/743 , H01L21/762 , H01L21/76224 , H01L21/823418 , H01L21/823475 , H01L23/48 , H01L27/0629 , H01L29/06 , H01L29/0657 , H01L29/407 , H01L29/417 , H01L29/41741 , H01L29/41766 , H01L29/4236 , H01L29/456 , H01L29/66477 , H01L29/66727 , H01L29/66734 , H01L29/78 , H01L29/7803 , H01L29/7813 , H01L29/7827 , H01L29/7845 , H01L29/861 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
摘要： One embodiment of a semiconductor device includes a semiconductor body with a first side and a second side opposite to the first side. The semiconductor device further includes a first contact trench extending into the semiconductor body at the first side. The first contact trench includes a first conductive material electrically coupled to the semiconductor body adjoining the first contact trench. The semiconductor further includes a second contact trench extending into the semiconductor body at the second side. The second contact trench includes a second conductive material electrically coupled to the semiconductor body adjoining the second contact trench.
摘要翻译： 半导体器件的一个实施例包括具有第一侧和与第一侧相对的第二侧的半导体本体。 半导体器件还包括在第一侧延伸到半导体本体中的第一接触沟槽。 第一接触沟槽包括电耦合到邻接第一接触沟槽的半导体本体的第一导电材料。 半导体还包括在第二侧延伸到半导体本体中的第二接触沟槽。 第二接触沟槽包括电耦合到邻接第二接触沟槽的半导体本体的第二导电材料。
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公开(公告)号：US06625564B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-23
申请号：US10018916
申请日：2002-04-11
IPC分类号： G06F1500
CPC分类号： B60R21/013 , B60R2021/0018 , B60R2021/01306 , B60R2021/01325 , B60R2021/01327
摘要： The arrangement is to allow timely rollover recognition in the event of tipping over an embankment. For this purpose, the arrangement determines a predictive value of the yaw rate of the vehicle after a fictitious impact of the wheels on one longitudinal side of the vehicle against the ground from a yaw rate prevailing prior to the fictitious impact, the momentum of the vehicle in the direction of its vertical axis, and the angular momentum of the center of gravity of the vehicle prior to the fictitious impact. In addition, using the currently measured angle of inclination of the vehicle, it determines a critical yaw rate of the vehicle about its longitudinal axis instantaneously measured by the arrangement, which would be required to cause the vehicle to roll over. A conclusion is drawn about an imminent rollover if the predictive value of the yaw rate exceeds the critical yaw rate.
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4.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20140048904A1
公开(公告)日：2014-02-20
申请号：US13589717
申请日：2012-08-20
IPC分类号： H01L29/06 , H01L23/48 , H01L29/66 , H01L21/762 , H01L21/02
CPC分类号： H01L27/0694 , H01L21/02 , H01L21/743 , H01L21/762 , H01L21/76224 , H01L21/823418 , H01L21/823475 , H01L23/48 , H01L27/0629 , H01L29/06 , H01L29/0657 , H01L29/407 , H01L29/417 , H01L29/41741 , H01L29/41766 , H01L29/4236 , H01L29/456 , H01L29/66477 , H01L29/66727 , H01L29/66734 , H01L29/78 , H01L29/7803 , H01L29/7813 , H01L29/7827 , H01L29/7845 , H01L29/861 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/00
摘要： One embodiment of a semiconductor device includes a semiconductor body with a first side and a second side opposite to the first side. The semiconductor device further includes a first contact trench extending into the semiconductor body at the first side. The first contact trench includes a first conductive material electrically coupled to the semiconductor body adjoining the first contact trench. The semiconductor further includes a second contact trench extending into the semiconductor body at the second side. The second contact trench includes a second conductive material electrically coupled to the semiconductor body adjoining the second contact trench.
摘要翻译： 半导体器件的一个实施例包括具有第一侧和与第一侧相对的第二侧的半导体本体。 半导体器件还包括在第一侧延伸到半导体本体中的第一接触沟槽。 第一接触沟槽包括电耦合到邻接第一接触沟槽的半导体本体的第一导电材料。 半导体还包括在第二侧延伸到半导体本体中的第二接触沟槽。 第二接触沟槽包括电耦合到邻接第二接触沟槽的半导体本体的第二导电材料。
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公开(公告)号：US4903613A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-27
申请号：US222156
申请日：1988-07-21
摘要： An undercarriage with a wheel set capable of self-steering independent of the vehicle body is disclosed. The undercarriage contains, in combination with hollow profile wheels in the wheel sets and primary elastic springs in the longitudinal direction, two lever systems which are self-adjusting, independent of each other and are arranged on the longitudinal sides of an undercarriage. The lever systems forcibly couple the axle ends of the wheel sets on the same rail in the longitudinal direction of the undercarriage and are movable only in opposite directions. The levers are further provided with a reversing member tiltably supported at the truck frame, the tilting motions of which are damped by a single damper assigned to each lever system, whereby in a structurally simple, rugged and low-maintenance manner, optimum limitation of the wheel set's freedom of motion relative to the truck frame is achieved in the longitudinal frame direction with respect to radial self-adjustment in track curves and, at the same time, high stability at high speeds is achieved.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有能够独立于车体自行转向的车轮的底架。 起落架与车轮组中的中空轮廓和纵向上的主弹性弹簧组合包括两个独立于彼此并且布置在起落架的纵向侧上的自调节的杠杆系统。 杠杆系统将车轮组的轴端部沿着起落架的纵向强制地联接在相同的轨道上，并且仅在相反的方向上可移动。 杠杆还设置有可倾斜地支撑在卡车框架处的反转构件，其倾斜运动被分配给每个杠杆系统的单个阻尼器阻尼，由此在结构上简单，坚固和低维护的方式下，最佳限制 在轨道曲线上相对于径向自调节的纵向框架方向实现轮组相对于卡车框架的运动自由度，并且同时实现高速下的高稳定性。
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公开(公告)号：US06687576B2
公开(公告)日：2004-02-03
申请号：US10018919
申请日：2002-04-11
IPC分类号： B60R2101
CPC分类号： B60R21/013 , B60R2021/0018 , B60R2021/01325 , B60R2021/01327
摘要： In order to perform a simple plausibility check of a rollover decision which is as reliable as possible, an arrangement is provided which signal plausibility of the rollover decision if an acceleration measured in the direction of the vertical axis of the vehicle is either above a preset upper threshold or below a preset lower threshold, or if the acceleration measured in the direction of the vertical axis is between the two thresholds, but an acceleration measured in the direction of the transverse axis of the motor vehicle simultaneously exceeds a threshold which depends on the acceleration measured in the direction of the vertical axis.
摘要翻译： 为了执行尽可能可靠的翻转判定的简单合理性检查，提供了如果在车辆的垂直轴方向上测量的加速度高于预设上限值的信号，则提供了翻转判定的合理性的布置 阈值或低于预设下限阈值，或者如果在垂直轴方向上测量的加速度在两个阈值之间，但是在机动车辆的横轴方向上测量的加速度同时超过取决于加速度的阈值 在垂直轴的方向上测量。
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公开(公告)号：US06687575B2
公开(公告)日：2004-02-03
申请号：US10018918
申请日：2002-04-11
IPC分类号： B60R2123
CPC分类号： B60R21/013 , B60R2021/0018 , B60R2021/01306 , B60R2021/01325 , B60R2021/01327
摘要： The system is intended to have the ability to differentiate between various characteristic driving maneuvers, so that a special triggering algorithm of restraint devices can be initiated for each class of driving maneuvers. This system has an acceleration sensor that measures the acceleration of the vehicle in the direction of its vertical axis. A classifier is provided which, when the measured acceleration is above a threshold of 1 g, decides on a driving maneuver in which the vehicle lifts upward on one side, as when driving on a ramp. If the measured acceleration is between 0 g and 1 g, then the classifier decides on a driving maneuver during which the vehicle tips downward on one side, as when driving on a slope.
摘要翻译： 该系统旨在具有区分各种特征驾驶操作的能力，使得可以针对每一类驾驶操作启动限制装置的特殊触发算法。 该系统具有加速度传感器，该加速度传感器测量车辆在其垂直轴方向上的加速度。 提供了一种分类器，当所测量的加速度高于1g的阈值时，决定在车辆一侧上升的驱动机动，如同在斜坡上行驶时一样。 如果所测量的加速度在0g和1g之间，则分类器决定在车辆向一侧倾斜的驾驶操作，如在斜坡上行驶时。
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公开(公告)号：US06055472A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-25
申请号：US142645
申请日：1998-09-11
申请人： Volker Breunig , Joachim Bauer , Hans-Peter Lang
发明人： Volker Breunig , Joachim Bauer , Hans-Peter Lang
CPC分类号： B60R21/013
摘要： In order to allow for a timely and reliable recognition of a rollover event of a vehicle, the angular velocities of the vehicle about the yaw axis, the roll axis, and the pitch axis are measured by way of respective rotation rate sensors. A rollover event is signaled as having been detected if an angular velocity exceeds a definable threshold.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE96 / 02001 Sec。 371日期：1998年9月11日 102（e）1998年9月11日PCT PCT 1996年10月17日PCT公布。 出版物WO97 / 33775 PCT 日期1997年9月18日为了及时可靠地识别车辆的翻车事件，车辆围绕偏航轴，侧倾轴和俯仰轴的角速度通过相应的旋转速度 传感器。 如果角速度超过可定义的阈值，则将翻转事件用信号通知为已被检测到。
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