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公开(公告)号：US4683750A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-04
申请号：US669197
申请日：1984-11-07
CPC分类号： G01N29/0681 , G01H3/125 , G01K11/22 , G01N29/2418 , G01N2291/02881 , G01N2291/0423
摘要： A noncontacting method of measuring periodic surface heating is described. The perturbation of an externally generated acoustic wave is measured. The acoustic wave is generated in the air above a sample to be studied. The acoustic wave is directed onto the sample surface, coincident with a modulated light beam. Absorption of the light beam results in the periodic heating of the sample, at and near the sample surface. The air in contact with the sample surface is in turn heated, and produces a periodic phase shift in the reflected acoustic wave. This phase shift is detected and gives a direct measure of the periodic heating of the sample surface. An acoustic microscope may generate the acoustic wave. The sample is placed in water. An acoustic microscope lens produces an acoustic wave in the water, which focuses onto the sample surface, coincident with a modulated laser beam. The light beam is guided onto the sample using an optical fiber. Heating in the water directly above the illuminated sample produces a phase perturbation in the acoustic wave reflecting off the sample surface. This embodiment of the present invention allows surface heating to be measured with very high spatial resolution.
摘要翻译： 描述了测量周期性表面加热的非接触方法。 测量外部产生的声波的扰动。 在要研究的样品上方的空气中产生声波。 声波被引导到样品表面上，与调制的光束重合。 吸收光束导致样品在样品表面和样品表面附近的周期性加热。 与样品表面接触的空气又被加热，并在反射的声波中产生周期性的相移。 检测该相移，并给出样品表面的周期性加热的直接测量。 声学显微镜可能会产生声波。 将样品置于水中。 声学显微镜透镜在水中产生声波，其聚焦在样品表面上，与调制的激光束重合。 使用光纤将光束引导到样品上。 在照射样品正上方的水中加热在反射离开样品表面的声波中产生相位扰动。 本发明的该实施例允许以非常高的空间分辨率测量表面加热。
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2.发明授权Acousto-optic modulator for optical fibers using Hertzian contact with a grooved transducer substrate 失效声光调制器，用于与槽式换能器基板进行赫兹接触的光纤
公开(公告)号：US4991923A
公开(公告)日：1991-02-12
申请号：US298177
申请日：1989-01-17
CPC分类号： G02F1/0134 , G02B6/2821 , G02F1/335
摘要： An acousto-optic device which is incorporated into a fiber optic system to define, based upon device configuration, an element such as a phase modulator, optical tap, frequency shifter or mode coupler. The device comprises an acoustic transmission member having a groove therein which is secured in the Hertzian contact along a continuous portion of its surface with an optical waveguide so as to communicate acoustic signals from a transducer affixed on the member through the Hertzian contact area and into the optical waveguide. In one preferred embodiment the member comprises a capillary tube having a bore that is substantially the same diameter as the optical waveguide to which the device is to be affixed. A portion of the capillary tube is removed to expose the base, thereby defining a groove along the capillary substrate. In one preferred embodiment an acoustic transducer is deposited on the curved surface opposite the groove to focus acoustic signals from the transducer toward the groove. In another preferred embodiment, a portion of the capillary substrate opposite the groove is lapped to form a substantially flat surface which is parallel to the plane of the groove. An acoustic transducer is then deposited on the flat surface. The capillary substrate may also be lapped to form a wedge configuration for launching acoustic waves at an angle with respect to the groove. The optical waveguide is pressed into the groove to form the Hertzian contact with the groove.
摘要翻译： 一种声光装置，其结合到光纤系统中以基于装置配置来定义诸如相位调制器，光抽头，移相器或模式耦合器的元件。 该装置包括其中具有凹槽的声传导构件，其通过光波导沿着其表面的连续部分固定在赫兹接触中，以便将来自安装在构件上的换能器的声信号通过赫兹接触区域传送到 光波导。 在一个优选实施例中，构件包括毛细管，该毛细管具有与该装置要固定的光波导基本相同的直径的孔。 去除毛细管的一部分以露出基部，从而沿着毛细管基底限定凹槽。 在一个优选实施例中，声学换能器沉积在与凹槽相对的弯曲表面上，以将来自换能器的声学信号聚焦到凹槽。 在另一个优选实施例中，与凹槽相对的毛细管基底的一部分被重叠以形成平行于凹槽平面的基本平坦的表面。 然后将声换能器沉积在平坦表面上。 也可以研磨毛细管基底以形成用于相对于凹槽成角度地发射声波的楔形结构。 光波导被压入槽中以形成与槽的赫兹接触。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4503708A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-12
申请号：US464394
申请日：1983-02-07
CPC分类号： G01N29/0681 , G01S15/8906
摘要： An acoustic microscope comprising a transducer for transmitting acoustic signals towards the surface to be studied, and means for receiving at least one reflected signal from the surface; in many embodiments of the invention, signals are received from two separate points. The signals received are passed to a synchronous phase detection system for analysis. The signals may be received at the same phase detector input and separated according to their expected time of receipt relative to their time of transmission, or they may be received at separated points on the transducer related to their separated points of transmission. The separated return signals are compared on the basis of phase (and in certain embodiments, magnitude) differential either to each other or to an internally generated reference signal to analyze the surface characteristics of the material.
摘要翻译： 一种声学显微镜，包括用于向待研究的表面传送声学信号的换能器，以及用于从所述表面接收至少一个反射信号的装置; 在本发明的许多实施例中，从两个分开的点接收信号。 接收到的信号被传递到同步相位检测系统进行分析。 信号可以在相同的相位检测器输入处接收，并根据其相对于其传输时间的预期接收时间分离，或者它们可以在与其分离的传输点相关的传感器上的分离点处被接收。 基于相位（和在某些实施例中的幅度）差分彼此或与内部产生的参考信号对分离的返回信号进行比较，以分析材料的表面特性。
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公开(公告)号：US08451693B2
公开(公告)日：2013-05-28
申请号：US12806763
申请日：2010-08-20
CPC分类号： B06B1/0292
摘要： A compression post capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) is provided. The compression post CMUT includes a first electrode, a top conductive layer having a pattern of post holes, a moveable mass that includes the first electrode. The compression post CMUT further includes an operating gap disposed between the top surface of the top conductive layer and a bottom surface of the moveable mass, a pattern of compression posts, where a proximal end the compression post is connected perpendicularly to a bottom surface of the moveable mass, where the pattern of compression posts span through the pattern of post holes. The top conductive layer includes the second electrode that is electronically insulated from the first electrode, where the pattern of compression posts compress to provide a restoring force in a direction that is normal to the bottom surface of the moveable mass.
摘要翻译： 提供压缩后电容式微机械超声波换能器（CMUT）。 压缩柱CMUT包括第一电极，具有柱孔图案的顶部导电层，包括第一电极的可移动质量块。 压缩柱CMUT还包括设置在顶部导电层的顶表面和可移动块的底表面之间的操作间隙，压缩柱的图案，其中压缩柱的近端垂直于底部表面连接 可移动质量块，其中压缩柱的图案跨过柱孔的图案。 顶部导电层包括与第一电极电子绝缘的第二电极，其中压缩柱的图案被压缩以在与可移动质量块的底表面垂直的方向上提供恢复力。
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公开(公告)号：US20130023752A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-24
申请号：US13554985
申请日：2012-07-20
IPC分类号： A61B6/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/0095 , A61B5/0507
摘要： Surface selective photoacoustic (PA) medical imaging is introduced. Surface selective PA imaging is responsive to surface features and does not image sub-surface features, in contrast to conventional PA imaging. The surface PA signal can be considerably larger than the bulk PA signal, for an air-coupled (or gas-coupled) acoustic transducer. Distinguishing these two signals based on time of arrival at the transducer can further distinguish the two signals. This approach provides numerous advantages.Non-contact imaging simplifies and expedites imaging, and can serve as a replacement for visual inspection by physicians. Applications include skin screening and endoscopy.
摘要翻译： 介绍了表面选择性光声（PA）医学成像。 与传统的PA成像相比，表面选择性PA成像对表面特征有反应，并且不影像亚表面特征。 对于空气耦合（或气体耦合）的声换能器，表面PA信号可以大大地大于体积PA信号。 基于到达换能器的时间区分这两个信号可以进一步区分两个信号。 这种方法提供了许多优点。 非接触式成像简化并加速成像，可作为医生进行视觉检查的替代品。 应用包括皮肤筛查和内窥镜检查。
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公开(公告)号：US07972271B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-05
申请号：US11709347
申请日：2007-02-21
IPC分类号： A61B8/14
CPC分类号： A61B8/14 , G01S7/52046 , G01S15/8915 , G01S15/8927 , G01S15/8993
摘要： An invention for coherent array image formation and restoration is taught. The invention is applicable for both 2D and 3D imaging using either 1D or 2D arrays, respectively. A transducer array is subdivided into subarrays, each subarray having a number of adjacent array elements. All elements of each subarray transmit and receive in parallel. The signals received from each subarray are delayed and summed to form scan lines, or beams. The low-beam-rate beams formed from each subarray are upsampled and interpolated prior to forming high-beam-rate images. Depending on the subarray geometry, a subarray-dependent restoration filter is also applied to the subarray beams. The restored beams from each subarray are combined to form the final high-beam-rate image. The invention significantly reduces the front-end hardware complexity compared to conventional methods such as full phased array imaging with comparable image quality.
摘要翻译： 教导了相干阵列图像形成和恢复的发明。 本发明分别适用于使用1D或2D阵列的2D和3D成像。 换能器阵列被细分为子阵列，每个子阵列具有多个相邻的阵列元件。 每个子阵列的所有元素并行传输和接收。 从每个子阵列接收的信号被延迟并相加以形成扫描线或光束。 在形成高光束速率图像之前，从每个子阵列形成的低光束速率光束被上采样和内插。 根据子阵列几何，子阵列依赖的恢复滤波器也被应用于子阵列波束。 来自每个子阵列的恢复的波束被组合以形成最终的高光束速率图像。 与常规方法相比，本发明显着降低了前端硬件复杂性，例如具有可比较图像质量的全相控阵列成像。
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7.发明申请APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR NON-INVASIVE AND MINIMALLY-INVASIVE SENSING OF PARAMETERS RELATING TO BLOOD 审中-公开用于非侵入性和微量入侵感染参数相关血液的装置和方法公开(公告)号：US20100152591A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-17
申请号：US12618614
申请日：2009-11-13
IPC分类号： A61B5/02
CPC分类号： A61B5/14552 , A61B5/0051 , A61B5/029 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/1459 , A61B8/00 , A61B8/12
摘要： A system and method for monitoring one or more parameters relating to blood, such as cardiac output, of a patient is provided. The system preferably includes an acoustic energy transducer unit configured and positioned to transmit acoustic energy into a target structure, preferably a blood vessel, within the patient so as to induce a measurable change, preferably a change in blood volume, within the target structure. The transducer unit can be an ultrasonic array, annular array, or groups thereof, or a single element transducer. The unit can also be a vibrator or acoustic loudspeaker. An optical transmitter transmits light into the target structure, and an optical receiver senses light scattered from within the target structure. The blood parameter can then be estimated from the sensed scattered radiation. Relative blood oxygen saturation in the blood vessel can be estimated by transmitting two wavelengths to measure oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于监测与患者血液（例如心输出量）相关的一个或多个参数的系统和方法。 该系统优选地包括声能换能器单元，其被配置和定位成将声能传递到患者体内的目标结构，优选血管，以便在目标结构内引起可测量的变化，优选血容量的变化。 换能器单元可以是超声波阵列，环形阵列或其组，或单个元件换能器。 该单元也可以是振动器或声音扬声器。 光学发射器将光发射到目标结构中，并且光学接收器感测从目标结构内散射的光。 然后可以从感测的散射辐射估计血液参数。 可以通过传输两个波长来估计血管中的相对血氧饱和度来测量氧血红蛋白和脱氧血红蛋白。
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公开(公告)号：US20090301550A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-10
申请号：US12329325
申请日：2008-12-05
CPC分类号： H01L31/0392 , B41J2/04505 , B41J2/04528 , B41J2/04553 , B41J2/04575 , B82Y20/00 , H01L31/035236 , H01L31/03923 , H01L31/03925 , Y02E10/541 , Y02P70/521
摘要： Photovoltaic material is printed on a substrate using acoustic printing, to produce solar cells. Acoustic printheads are configured to eject droplets of photovoltaic material to positions on the substrate, responsive to focused acoustic energy provided by acoustic ejectors in the acoustic printheads, to print a film of the photovoltaic material. A positioning system is configured to position the acoustic printheads with respect to the substrate. A feedback system controls the acoustic ejection of the droplets of photovoltaic material by the acoustic printheads or the positioning of the acoustic printheads with respect to the substrate by the positioning system, based on feedback data indicative of characteristics of the printed film. The acoustic printheads are designed optimally for printing of photovoltaic material for solar cells in single scans in only one direction of the substrate. Solar cells can be manufactured at low cost and with high throughput using acoustic printing.
摘要翻译： 使用声学印刷将光伏材料印刷在基板上，以产生太阳能电池。 声学打印头被配置为响应于在声学打印头中由声学喷射器提供的聚焦声能来将光伏材料的液滴喷射到基板上的位置，以印刷光伏材料的膜。 定位系统被配置为相对于基底定位声学打印头。 反馈系统基于指示印刷膜特性的反馈数据，通过声学打印头控制光伏材料的液滴的声学喷射或通过定位系统相对于基板的定位。 声学打印头被设计成最佳地用于在仅在基板的一个方向上的单次扫描中印刷用于太阳能电池的光伏材料。 太阳能电池可以低成本制造，并且使用声学印刷具有高产量。
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9.发明授权Array of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer elements with through wafer via connections 有权具有通过晶圆通孔连接的电容微加工超声换能器元件阵列公开(公告)号：US06430109B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-06
申请号：US09667203
申请日：2000-09-21
IPC分类号： H04R1900
CPC分类号： H01L21/76898 , B06B1/0292 , H01L23/481 , H01L2224/05568 , H01L2224/05573 , H01L2224/131 , H01L2224/16145 , H01L2924/00014 , H01L2924/014 , H01L2224/05599
摘要： There is described a cMUT array with transducer elements which include a plurality of cells with membranes formed on one surface of a wafer. Voltages applied between said spaced electrodes drive said membranes. The voltages applied to said electrodes are applied from the opposite surface of the wafer through the wafer and through vias formed in the wafer.
摘要翻译： 描述了具有换能器元件的cMUT阵列，其包括形成在晶片的一个表面上的膜的多个单元。 施加在所述间隔开的电极之间的电压驱动所述膜。 施加到所述电极的电压从晶片的相对表面通过晶片和通过形成在晶片中的通孔施加。
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公开(公告)号：US5629724A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-13
申请号：US890995
申请日：1992-05-29
CPC分类号： B41J2/14008 , B41J2002/14322
摘要： Techniques for obtaining an ejection rate independent, spatial relationship between an acoustic focal area and the free surface of a liquid. Variations in the spatial relationship are reduced or eliminated by applying substantially the same acoustic energy to the liquid's free surface during periods when droplets are not ejected as when they are, but at power levels insufficient to eject a droplet. During ejection periods in which a droplet is not ejected, the acoustic energy is applied at a lower level, but for a longer time. Because it is more convenient to measure and control, the transducer drive voltage is used to control the acoustic energy applied to the liquid's free surface.
摘要翻译： 用于获得喷射速率独立的声学焦点区域和液体的自由表面之间的空间关系的技术。 在液滴不喷射的时段期间，通过对液体的自由表面施加基本上相同的声能，而在功率水平不足以喷射液滴的时期，空间关系的变化被减少或消除。 在不喷射液滴的喷射期间，声能被施加在较低的水平上，但持续较长的时间。 因为测量和控制更方便，因此传感器驱动电压用于控制施加到液体自由表面的声能。
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