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1.发明授权Open-pore molded article based on polyvinyl acetals, and a process for its preparation 失效基于聚乙烯醇缩醛的开孔模制品及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US4430447A
公开(公告)日：1984-02-07
申请号：US429035
申请日：1982-09-30
CPC分类号： C08J9/36 , C08F8/48 , C08J9/30 , C08F2800/20 , C08F2810/20
摘要： When polyvinyl alcohol and vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymers are acetalized in an acid aqueous medium in the presence of a wetting agent, an open-pore solid foam is formed, if the reaction mixture contains gas bubbles. These gas bubbles are produced, in particular, by stirring in air. The molded articles obtained are porous, and the pores are uniformly distributed. The dried molded article absorbs many times its weight of water. It is employed as a sponge for household use and in industry.
摘要翻译： 当聚氨酯和乙酸乙烯酯/乙烯共聚物在酸性水介质中在润湿剂存在下进行缩醛化时，如果反应混合物含有气泡，则形成开孔固体泡沫。 这些气泡特别是通过在空气中搅拌而产生。 得到的成型品多孔，孔均匀分布。 干燥的模制品吸收其重量的许多倍。 它被用作家用和工业上的海绵。
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2.发明授权Open-cell shaped article made of acetalized polyvinyl alcohol and process for its manufacture 失效由缩醛化聚乙烯醇制成的开孔型制品及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US4296210A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-20
申请号：US211332
申请日：1980-11-26
CPC分类号： C08J9/30 , C08J9/36 , C08J2329/04 , C08J2329/14
摘要： The acetalization of polyvinyl alcohol in an acidic aqueous medium in the presence of a wetting agent yields an open-cell, solid foam when the reaction medium contains gas bubbles which are preferably produced by stirring air into the reaction mixture. By carrying out the acetalization in the presence of a nucleic acid a porous shaped article is obtained in which the cells are uniformly distributed. The dried shaped article absorbs a multiple of its weight of water. It can be used for household and industrial purposes.
摘要翻译： 在润湿剂存在下，酸性水性介质中的聚乙烯醇缩醛化产生了开孔，固体泡沫，当反应介质含有气泡时，优选通过将空气搅拌到反应混合物中而产生。 通过在核酸存在下进行缩醛化，得到多孔成形制品，其中细胞均匀分布。 干燥的成型制品吸收其重量的重量。 它可以用于家庭和工业目的。
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公开(公告)号：US4444839A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-24
申请号：US308235
申请日：1981-10-02
CPC分类号： G09F3/10 , G09F3/02 , G09F2003/0233 , G09F2003/0242 , G09F2003/0255 , G09F2003/0273 , Y10T428/265 , Y10T428/27 , Y10T428/2813 , Y10T428/2826 , Y10T428/283 , Y10T428/2839 , Y10T428/2848 , Y10T428/2878
摘要： A label essentially comprises a top layer which can be printed and/or inscribed and a water-soluble adhesive layer. The adhesive layer can also be protected by a covering layer. The top layer is formed from polyvinyl alcohol which is preferably insoluble in cold water but soluble in hot water. The adhesive layer comprises a synthetic adhesive which is soluble in water and represents, in particular, a contact adhesive or permanent adhesive. The label is resistant to the action of cold water but is soluble in hot water, and is suitable for labeling containers with a smooth surface.
摘要翻译： 标签基本上包括可印刷和/或内接的顶层和水溶性粘合剂层。 粘合剂层也可以被覆盖层保护。 顶层由优选不溶于冷水但可溶于热水的聚乙烯醇形成。 粘合剂层包括可溶于水的合成粘合剂，特别是表示接触粘合剂或永久粘合剂。 该标签耐冷水作用，但溶于热水，适用于贴有光滑表面的容器。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4331781A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-25
申请号：US223811
申请日：1981-01-09
摘要： With polybasic inorganic acids, for example boric acid, polyvinyl alcohol forms complex compounds, which, in the form of a gel, are suitable as adhesives. PVAL complex compounds are prepared in simple manner by subjecting to alcoholysis a polyvinyl ester in the presence of an organic boric acid derivative complexing agent. The reaction is carried out in alcoholic solution and the complexing agent should be soluble in alcohol. As starting material polyvinyl acetate is preferred, and methanol is preferred as alcohol. The PVAL complex compounds prepared in this way are used, inter alia, as binders and thickening agents for coating substances.
摘要翻译： 对于多元无机酸，例如硼酸，聚乙烯醇形成复合化合物，其以凝胶的形式适合作为粘合剂。 通过在有机硼酸衍生物络合剂的存在下进行醇解聚乙烯酯，以简单的方式制备PVAL络合物。 反应在醇溶液中进行，络合剂应溶于乙醇。 作为原料，优选聚乙酸乙烯酯，优选甲醇作为醇。 以这种方式制备的PVAL络合物尤其用作用于涂覆物质的粘合剂和增稠剂。
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5.发明授权Pulverulent polymer composition, a process for its preparation and adhesive based thereon 失效粉末聚合物组合物，其制备方法和基于其的粘合剂
公开(公告)号：US4481328A
公开(公告)日：1984-11-06
申请号：US339756
申请日：1982-01-15
IPC分类号： C08L31/00 , C08J3/12 , C08K3/36 , C08K9/06 , C08L31/02 , C08L31/04 , C09D5/00 , C09D131/04 , C09J131/04 , C08J5/02
CPC分类号： C08J3/124 , C08K3/36 , C08K9/06 , C09D131/04 , C09J131/04 , C08J2331/04 , Y10S524/904
摘要： A pulverulent polymer composition which is readily pourable, has a low tendency to form dust and has good stability on storage is composed of a mixture of a vinyl ester polymer and a small proportion of a hydrophobic silica. The composition is prepared by spray drying an aqueous vinyl ester polymer dispersion in the presence of a hydrophobic silica. The silica is preferably a product from the reaction of a hydrophilic silica with an organochlorosilane. The composition can be redispersed in water and the films produced from such dispersions are transparent; they are suitable for the production of paints, glues and adhesives.
摘要翻译： 容易倾倒的粉末聚合物组合物由于乙烯基酯聚合物和少量的疏水性二氧化硅的混合物而形成灰尘并具有良好的储存稳定性的倾向。 通过在疏水性二氧化硅的存在下喷雾干燥乙烯基酯聚合物水分散体来制备组合物。 二氧化硅优选为亲水性二氧化硅与有机氯硅烷反应的产物。 组合物可以再分散在水中，由这种分散体产生的薄膜是透明的; 它们适用于生产油漆，胶水和粘合剂。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4453320A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-12
申请号：US312271
申请日：1981-10-16
IPC分类号： B01D53/22 , A23F3/22 , A23F5/28 , A23L3/00 , A23L3/3418 , A23L27/14 , A24B1/02 , A61K36/00 , A61L15/24 , B01D53/26 , B01D61/00 , B01D67/00 , B01D71/38 , B32B7/02 , B32B27/12 , B32B27/30 , B65D65/00 , B65D65/38 , C08L29/00 , C08L29/02 , D06M15/333 , D06N3/04 , F24F6/00 , F26B5/00
CPC分类号： B01D61/362 , A23L3/3418 , A61L15/24 , B01D71/30 , B32B27/12 , B32B7/02 , B65D65/38 , D06M15/333 , D06N3/04 , F24F6/00 , F26B5/00 , Y10T428/31667 , Y10T428/31935
摘要： The water content of a material, which tends to either absorb water or to release water, is changed with the aid of a film, which at least partially separates the material from the adjacent space and is impermeable to liquid water but permeable to gaseous water. Polyvinyl alcohol with a particular degree of polymerization and degree of hydrolysis is used as the film material. The film can be mechanically or chemically after-treated. The moistening or de-moistening of the material, which is solid, liquid or gaseous, is effected, utilizing a water vapor pressure gradient, under very mild conditions.
摘要翻译： 倾向于吸收水分或释放水的材料的含水量借助于薄膜而改变，薄膜至少部分地将材料与相邻的空间分开，并且对液态水是不可渗透的，但是对气态水是可渗透的。 使用具有特定聚合度和水解度的聚乙烯醇作为膜材料。 该膜可以进行机械或化学处理。 在非常温和的条件下，利用水蒸气压力梯度来实现固体，液体或气体的物质的润湿或除湿。
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公开(公告)号：US4369281A
公开(公告)日：1983-01-18
申请号：US261459
申请日：1981-05-07
IPC分类号： C08F261/04 , C08L51/08 , C08K5/05
CPC分类号： C08L51/08 , C08F261/04
摘要： A molding composition on the basis of polyvinyl alcohol substantially consists of a partially solvolyzed graft copolymer of a vinyl ester and a polyethylene glycol or of a mixture of such graft copolymer with a partially solvolyzed polyvinyl ester as well as of water and optionally a polyhydric alkanol. The composition is obtained by mixing the granular polymers used in each case with the other components. It is water-soluble, flowable and thermoplastically workable and is suitable for the preparation of any shaped articles, especially sheets.
摘要翻译： 基于聚乙烯醇的模塑组合物基本上由乙烯基酯和聚乙二醇的部分溶剂化接枝共聚物或这种接枝共聚物与部分溶剂分解的聚乙烯酯以及水和任选的多元链烷醇的混合物组成。 通过将各种情况下使用的粒状聚合物与其它成分混合，得到组合物。 它是水溶性的，可流动的和热塑性可加工的，并且适用于任何成型制品，特别是片材的制备。
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公开(公告)号：US4166033A
公开(公告)日：1979-08-28
申请号：US867141
申请日：1978-01-05
CPC分类号： C08J11/06 , C02F2101/34 , C02F2209/06 , C08J2329/04 , Y02W30/701
摘要： In order to protect the environment from pollution, it is desirable to keep the polyvinyl alcohol content in waste waters as low as possible. Polyvinyl alcohol may be removed from waste waters by means of microorganisms on the the one hand, and on the other according to chemical/mechanical methods by salting-out and precipitation and subsequent separation of the solids. Advantageous is the precipitation in the form of a polyvinyl alcohol/boric acid/didiol complex, especially by means of alkaline earth metal hydroxides in an alkaline medium. Calcium hydroxide is a particularly suitable alkaline earth metal hydroxide.
摘要翻译： 为了保护环境免受污染，最好保持废水中的聚乙烯醇含量尽可能低。 聚乙烯醇一方面可以通过微生物从废水中除去，另一方面根据化学/机械方法通过盐析和沉淀以及随后的固体分离来除去。 有利的是以聚乙烯醇/硼酸/二酚复合物的形式沉淀，特别是在碱性介质中通过碱土金属氢氧化物。 氢氧化钙是特别合适的碱土金属氢氧化物。
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公开(公告)号：US5915567A
公开(公告)日：1999-06-29
申请号：US861767
申请日：1997-05-22
申请人： Wolfgang Zimmermann
发明人： Wolfgang Zimmermann
摘要： The sieve efficiency can be increased in an improved sieve apparatus in such a way tat the sieve apparatus is equipped with a compulsory mixing device (5). By means of this, during the sieve process, the sieve product, which is moving forward along the main flow direction (1) to a delivery end (11), is thoroughly mixed, which produces the desired increase in sieve efficiency.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP94 / 00211 Sec。 371日期：1995年8月3日 102（e）日期1995年8月3日PCT 1994年1月26日PCT公布。 第WO94 / 16827号公报 日期1994年8月4日筛网设备配备强制混合装置（5）的方式，可以在改进的筛装置中提高筛分效率。 借此，在筛过程中，将沿着主流动方向（1）向前移动到输送端（11）的筛子产物被充分混合，从而产生期望的筛分效率的增加。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4110494A
公开(公告)日：1978-08-29
申请号：US751167
申请日：1976-12-16
CPC分类号： C09D129/04 , C08F8/12 , C08J5/18 , C08F2810/50
摘要： Polyvinyl alcohol containing films and coatings having a reduced water solubility are prepared from polyvinyl alcohol having an ester number of at most 200 mg of KOH/g. This polyvinyl alcohol being readily soluble in water is submitted in aqueous phase to an after saponification with alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide rendering it insoluble at elevated temperature. The alkali or alkaline earth metal ions then are precipitated in the form of compounds difficultly soluble in water by additions of substances containing corresponding anions. The precipitate remains as inert filler in the suspension of polyvinyl alcohol thus prepared. The suspension is applied in form of films or coatings and dried.
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