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1.发明申请SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REMOTE, FREE-SPACE OPTICAL DETECTION OF POTENTIAL THREAT AGENT 有权用于遥感，自由空间光学检测潜在威胁剂的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US20080204752A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-28
申请号：US11680309
申请日：2007-02-28
IPC分类号： G01J3/46
CPC分类号： G01N21/39 , G01N21/783 , G01N2015/0088 , G01N2021/1793 , G01N2021/7773 , G01N2021/7796 , G01N2201/0214 , G01N2201/06113
摘要： A system and method for free space, optical remote sensing of a potential threat agent using spectrally responsive sensor material. In one example the sensor material is formed by particles, which in one particular form are porous photonic crystals. The particles are dispersed into an area being monitored for the presence of the potential threat agent. A pair of lasers is used to generate optical light beams that are directed at the sensor particles after the particles have been dispersed. The light reflected by the sensor particles is then analyzed. The presence of the potential threat agent causes a shift in the spectral peak of light reflected from the sensor particles that can be sensed using photo detectors and a processing subsystem. The system can be tuned to remotely detect for specific chemical, biological or environmental agents that may be present within a given area.
摘要翻译： 使用光谱响应传感器材料的自由空间，潜在威胁剂的光学遥感的系统和方法。 在一个示例中，传感器材料由颗粒形成，其在一种特定形式中是多孔光子晶体。 颗粒被分散到正在监测的潜在威胁剂的存在的区域中。 使用一对激光器在颗粒分散之后产生指向传感器颗粒的光束。 然后分析由传感器颗粒反射的光。 潜在威胁剂的存在导致从可以使用光电检测器和处理子系统感测的传感器颗粒反射的光的光谱峰值的偏移。 该系统可以被调整以远程检测可能存在于给定区域内的特定化学，生物或环境因素。
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2.发明授权System and method for remote, free-space optical detection of potential threat agent 有权用于远程，自由空间光学检测潜在威胁剂的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US07684043B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-23
申请号：US11680309
申请日：2007-02-28
IPC分类号： G01N21/49
CPC分类号： G01N21/39 , G01N21/783 , G01N2015/0088 , G01N2021/1793 , G01N2021/7773 , G01N2021/7796 , G01N2201/0214 , G01N2201/06113
摘要： A system and method for free space, optical remote sensing of a potential threat agent using spectrally responsive sensor material. In one example the sensor material is formed by particles, which in one particular form are porous photonic crystals. The particles are dispersed into an area being monitored for the presence of the potential threat agent. A pair of lasers is used to generate optical light beams that are directed at the sensor particles after the particles have been dispersed. The light reflected by the sensor particles is then analyzed. The presence of the potential threat agent causes a shift in the spectral peak of light reflected from the sensor particles that can be sensed using photo detectors and a processing subsystem. The system can be tuned to remotely detect for specific chemical, biological or environmental agents that may be present within a given area.
摘要翻译： 使用光谱响应传感器材料的自由空间，潜在威胁剂的光学遥感的系统和方法。 在一个示例中，传感器材料由颗粒形成，其在一种特定形式中是多孔光子晶体。 颗粒被分散到正在监测的潜在威胁剂的存在的区域中。 使用一对激光器在颗粒分散之后产生指向传感器颗粒的光束。 然后分析由传感器颗粒反射的光。 潜在威胁剂的存在导致从可以使用光电检测器和处理子系统感测的传感器颗粒反射的光的光谱峰值的偏移。 该系统可以被调整以远程检测可能存在于给定区域内的特定化学，生物或环境因素。
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07400394B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-15
申请号：US11131173
申请日：2005-05-17
IPC分类号： G01J1/10
CPC分类号： G01J3/42 , G01N21/783 , G01N2021/1793 , G01N2021/7773 , G01S7/495
摘要： Apparatus and methods for calibrating an optical detector. In one embodiment an optical reference apparatus includes a body having an outer surface. At least a portion of the outer surface has a reflectance that can vary. The optical reference apparatus is adapted to be deployed with a cloud of optical sensors and has a terminal velocity that is about the same as the terminal velocity of the sensors. Further, the variation of the reflectance can be caused by a rotation of the optical reference apparatus (caused by an aerodynamic member). The sensors may be made from porous silicon and the optical reference apparatus may include a retroreflector. The apparatus also provides a method of referencing an optical signal. The method includes deploying an optical reference apparatus with a cloud of sensors and detecting a variation in its reflectance.
摘要翻译： 用于校准光学检测器的装置和方法。 在一个实施例中，光学参考装置包括具有外表面的主体。 外表面的至少一部分具有可以变化的反射率。 光学参考设备适于部署有云的光学传感器，并具有与传感器的终端速度大致相同的终端速度。 此外，反射率的变化可以由光学参考装置的旋转（由空气动力学构件引起）引起。 传感器可以由多孔硅制成，并且光学参考设备可以包括后向反射器。 该装置还提供了一种参考光信号的方法。 该方法包括部署具有云传感器的光学参考装置并检测其反射率的变化。
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公开(公告)号：US6077885A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-20
申请号：US221030
申请日：1998-12-23
申请人： Harold E. Hager , Chris J. Johnson , Kay Y. Blohowiak , Chun M. Wong , John H. Jones , Robert L. Cook, Jr. , S. Ray Taylor
发明人： Harold E. Hager , Chris J. Johnson , Kay Y. Blohowiak , Chun M. Wong , John H. Jones , Robert L. Cook, Jr. , S. Ray Taylor
CPC分类号： C23C22/56 , C09D5/082 , C23C22/73 , C23C2222/20
摘要： The invention provides chromate-free coating mixtures, and coatings formed from these mixtures, that protect an underlying aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate from corrosion. The coating mixtures include a continuous phase selected from organic polymeric compositions, or sol-gels, and a distributed phase, dispersed or dissolved throughout the continuous phase. The distributed phase includes the corrosion-inhibiting chromate-free salts. In accordance with the invention, the mixture of salts includes (1) a first salt selected from (a) the esters of rare earth metals, such as cerium and lanthanum oxalates and acetates, and (b) the vanadate salts of alkali and alkali earth metals, such as sodium metavanadate and calcium metavanadate; and (2) a second salt that is a borate salt of alkali earth metals, such as barium metaborate. In certain embodiments, the coatings of the invention include both (a), and (b), in conjunction with the borate salt (2). In other embodiments, the chromate free salt is a chloride of a rare earth metal, or mixture of such chlorides, either alone or in combination with the first salt or the second salt, or both the first and second salts. Coatings of the invention provide protection to an underlying substrate, even after subjection to a 3000 hour salt spray test. Moreover, the coatings are resistant to degradation by SKYDROL, and are able to withstand impacts of 50 inch-pounds (forward) and 30 inch-pounds (reverse), so that they are well suited for use as protective coatings for aircraft.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了不含铬酸盐的涂料混合物和由这些混合物形成的涂层，其保护下面的铝或铝合金基材免受腐蚀。 涂层混合物包括选自有机聚合物组合物或溶胶凝胶的连续相，以及在整个连续相中分散或溶解的分布相。 分布相包括腐蚀抑制的无铬酸盐。 根据本发明，盐的混合物包括（1）选自（a）稀土金属如铈和草酸镧和乙酸盐的酯的第一盐，和（b）碱和碱土的钒酸盐 金属，如偏钒酸钠和偏钒酸钙; 和（2）作为碱土金属硼酸盐的第二盐，例如偏硼酸钡。 在某些实施方案中，本发明的涂层包括（a）和（b），与硼酸盐（2）结合。 在其它实施方案中，无铬酸盐是单独或与第一盐或第二盐组合的稀土金属或这种氯化物的混合物，或第一和第二盐两者。 本发明的涂层即使在经过3000小时的盐雾试验后也能对底层基材提供保护。 此外，涂层可以抵抗SKYDROL的降解，并且能够承受50英寸 - 磅（向前）和30英寸 - 磅（反向）的冲击，因此它们非常适合用作飞机的保护涂层。
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公开(公告)号：US5126803A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-30
申请号：US667442
申请日：1991-03-11
申请人： Harold E. Hager , Joseph L. Mantz
发明人： Harold E. Hager , Joseph L. Mantz
CPC分类号： H01L33/38 , B82Y20/00 , H01S5/0425 , H01L33/0045 , H01L33/06 , H01S5/1021
摘要： An LED having a broadband emission spectrum. In one embodiment, the LED comprises a layered semiconductor structure of length L, the structure including an active layer comprising multiple asymmetric quantum wells. A pair of stripe electrodes is formed on a surface of the structure, to thereby form at least one optical cavity having a pumped length less than L. Currents to the cavities are controlled as a function of temperature to produce broadband emission over a range of temperatures.
摘要翻译： 具有宽带发射光谱的LED。 在一个实施例中，LED包括长度为L的分层半导体结构，该结构包括包含多个不对称量子阱的有源层。 一对条形电极形成在该结构的表面上，从而形成至少一个具有小于L的泵浦长度的光学腔。至腔的电流作为温度的函数被控制，以在温度范围内产生宽带发射 。
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公开(公告)号：US20090095885A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-16
申请号：US11870781
申请日：2007-10-11
申请人： Harold E. Hager
发明人： Harold E. Hager
CPC分类号： G01J3/51 , G01J3/2803
摘要： A system and methods for detecting semiconductor-based photodiodes. The present embodiments provide a simple and practical approach for identifying optical reflection that is indicative of photon reflection from semiconductor-based photodiodes. Thus in certain applications the present embodiments may be used to detect the presence of OIEDs, which may use photodiodes as part of a detonation system.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测基于半导体的光电二极管的系统和方法。 本实施例提供了一种用于识别表示来自基于半导体的光电二极管的光子反射的光学反射的简单且实用的方法。 因此，在某些应用中，本实施例可以用于检测OIED的存在，其可以使用光电二极管作为爆轰系统的一部分。
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7.发明授权Apparatus and method for early detection and identification of dilute chemical vapors 失效用于早期检测和鉴定稀释化学蒸气的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4895017A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-23
申请号：US300367
申请日：1989-01-23
申请人： Stephen C. Pyke , Harold E. Hager
发明人： Stephen C. Pyke , Harold E. Hager
CPC分类号： G01N29/022 , G01N33/0031 , G01N2291/0256 , G01N2291/0423
摘要： A detector and method for identifying a chemical vapor and determining its concentration in the ambient atmosphere. The chemical detector apparatus (120) preferably includes a plurality of surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices (10), each including a piezoelectric substrate (20), one-half (32) of which is coated with a selected polymer. The polymer characteristically absorbs one or more of a group of chemical vapors. Diffusion of a chemical vapor into the polymer increases its mass and proportionately changes the resonant frequency of the SAW device. A microcomputer control (186) is operative to determine a predicted time constant (or rate) for diffusion and a predicted equilibrium concentration of the chemical vapor within the polymer coating of the SAW device and to identify the chemical vapor and its relative concentration in the ambient atmosphere using the predicted values for these parameters long before the SAW device has reached equilibrium with the chemical vapor.
摘要翻译： 用于识别化学蒸汽并确定其在环境大气中的浓度的检测器和方法。 化学检测器装置（120）优选地包括多个表面声波（SAW）器件（10），每个表面声波器件（10）均包括压电衬底（20），其中一半（32）涂覆有选定的聚合物。 聚合物特征性地吸收一组或多种化学蒸气。 化学蒸汽向聚合物的扩散会增加其质量，并相应地改变SAW器件的谐振频率。 微电脑控制器（186）用于确定用于扩散的预测时间常数（或速率）以及SAW器件的聚合物涂层内的化学蒸气的预测平衡浓度，并且识别化学蒸气及其在环境中的相对浓度 在SAW器件已经达到与化学蒸气平衡之前，使用这些参数的预测值。
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8.发明授权System for sustaining and monitoring the oscillation of piezoelectric elements exposed to energy-absorptive media 失效用于维持和监测暴露于能量吸收介质的压电元件的振荡的系统
公开(公告)号：US4783987A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-15
申请号：US13133
申请日：1987-02-10
CPC分类号： G01N29/036 , G01N11/16 , G01N9/002 , G01N2291/0256
摘要： The disclosed system includes a piezoelectric crystal exposed to an energy-absorptive medium of interest. A crystal oscillation circuit is included for sustaining oscillation of the crystal in contact with the fluid. To accomplish this, the circuit includes feedback elements for providing automatic gain control of the amplifier portion of the oscillator. In this manner, the conditions required for crystal oscillation are maintained independent of variations in the medium the crystal is exposed to. Information regarding the gain adjustment and oscillation frequency of the crystal are applied to a microprocessor-based system for determining fluid characteristics such as viscosity, density, and dielectric constant. Alternatively, this information is used to correct for the influence of such parameters on the resonant behavior of piezoelectric crystals undergoing mass change, in the analysis of, for example, corrosion, adsorption and electroplating. The relationship between the particular characteristics determined and the output information received from the oscillation circuit is dependent upon the hydrodynamic and electrokinetic coupling experienced between the medium and crystal.
摘要翻译： 所公开的系统包括暴露于感兴趣的能量吸收介质的压电晶体。 包括晶体振荡电路以保持与流体接触的晶体的振荡。 为了实现这一点，该电路包括用于提供振荡器的放大器部分的自动增益控制的反馈元件。 以这种方式，独立于晶体暴露的介质的变化，保持晶体振荡所需的条件。 关于晶体的增益调整和振荡频率的信息被应用于用于确定诸如粘度，密度和介电常数的流体特性的基于微处理器的系统。 或者，该信息用于在例如腐蚀，吸附和电镀的分析中校正这些参数对经历质量变化的压电晶体的谐振特性的影响。 确定的特定特性与从振荡电路接收的输出信息之间的关系取决于介质和晶体之间经历的流体动力学和电动学耦合。
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9.发明授权Sensing device for detecting the presence of a gas contained in a mixture thereof 失效用于检测其混合物中所含气体的存在的感测装置
公开(公告)号：US4495793A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-29
申请号：US412840
申请日：1982-08-30
申请人： Harold E. Hager
发明人： Harold E. Hager
CPC分类号： G01N27/12
摘要： A sensing device which senses the presence and/or concentration of one or more gases contained in a mixture is disclosed. An electrically charged semiconductor whose surface is in contact with the mixture of gases is illuminated with light, either intermittently or constantly. Changes in the transient and steady state conductivity of the semiconductor are measured and amplified. The form of the functionality between the gas and the conductivity changes is unique to a particular gas at a particular concentration and is used both to detect the presence and/or concentration of the gas.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种感测混合物中包含的一种或多种气体的存在和/或浓度的感测装置。 其表面与气体混合物接触的带电荷的半导体被间歇地或不断地用光照射。 测量和放大半导体瞬态和稳态电导率的变化。 气体和电导率变化之间的功能的形式对于特定浓度的特定气体是独特的，并且用于检测气体的存在和/或浓度。
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10.发明授权Method and apparatus for detecting an optical reflection indicative of a photodiode 有权用于检测指示光电二极管的光反射的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US07709779B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-04
申请号：US11870781
申请日：2007-10-11
申请人： Harold E. Hager
发明人： Harold E. Hager
CPC分类号： G01J3/51 , G01J3/2803
摘要： A system and methods for detecting semiconductor-based photodiodes. The present embodiments provide a simple and practical approach for identifying optical reflection that is indicative of photon reflection from semiconductor-based photodiodes. Thus in certain applications the present embodiments may be used to detect the presence of OIEDs, which may use photodiodes as part of a detonation system.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测基于半导体的光电二极管的系统和方法。 本实施例提供了一种用于识别表示来自基于半导体的光电二极管的光子反射的光学反射的简单且实用的方法。 因此，在某些应用中，本实施例可以用于检测OIED的存在，其可以使用光电二极管作为爆轰系统的一部分。
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