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1.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07896951B2
公开(公告)日：2011-03-01
申请号：US12371721
申请日：2009-02-16
CPC分类号： F23J15/027 , B01D53/62 , B01D2251/404 , B01D2257/504 , F23J15/02 , F23J2215/50 , F23J2217/40 , Y02A50/2342 , Y02C10/04 , Y02C10/08 , Y02E20/326
摘要： A system for reducing carbon dioxide emissions from gasses generated in burning fossil fuel, includes a vessel, separator and reheater. The upper portion of the vessel receives downward flowing, first type solid particles capable of absorbing heat from upward flowing gasses and second type solid particles capable of capturing carbon dioxide from the gasses. The separator separates the second type solid particles with the captured carbon dioxide from the gasses discharged from the first vessel discharge, and directs the separated second type solid particles with the captured carbon dioxide to a separator discharge. The reheater directs the first type solid particles and the second type solid particles with the captured carbon dioxide in a downwardly flow to a first reheater discharge, such that heat from the first type solid particles causes the captured carbon dioxide to be released from the second type solid particles.
摘要翻译： 用于减少燃烧化石燃料产生的气体二氧化碳排放的系统包括容器，分离器和再热器。 容器的上部容纳向下流动的能够从向上流动的气体吸收热量的第一类固体颗粒和能够从气体中捕获二氧化碳的第二类固体颗粒。 分离器将第二类固体颗粒与从第一容器排放物排出的气体中捕获的二氧化碳分离，并将分离的第二类固体颗粒与捕获的二氧化碳一起引导至分离器排出口。 再热器将第一类固体颗粒和第二类固体颗粒以捕获的二氧化碳向下流动引导到第一再热器排放物，使得来自第一类型固体颗粒的热量使得捕获的二氧化碳从第二类型释放 固体颗粒。
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公开(公告)号：US07445649B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-04
申请号：US11422703
申请日：2006-06-07
CPC分类号： F23J15/04 , B01D53/96 , B01D2258/0283 , C01B3/105 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/042 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/86 , C10J3/54 , C10J3/56 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0973 , C10J2300/0983 , C10J2300/1618 , C10J2300/1637 , C10J2300/1861 , C10J2300/1869 , C10J2300/1884 , F23J2215/50 , F23J2219/60 , Y02E20/16 , Y02E20/18 , Y02E20/185 , Y02E60/36 , Y02P20/152 , Y02P30/30
摘要： A gasifier 10 includes a first chemical process loop 12 having an exothermic oxidizer reactor 14 and an endothermic reducer reactor 16. CaS is oxidized in air in the oxidizer reactor 14 to form hot CaSO4 which is discharged to the reducer reactor 16. Hot CaSO4 and carbonaceous fuel received in the reducer reactor 16 undergo an endothermic reaction utilizing the heat content of the CaSO4, the carbonaceous fuel stripping the oxygen from the CaSO4 to form CaS and a CO rich syngas. The CaS is discharged to the oxidizer reactor 14 and the syngas is discharged to a second chemical process loop 52. The second chemical process loop 52 has a water-gas shift reactor 54 and a calciner 42. The CO of the syngas reacts with gaseous H2O in the shift reactor 54 to produce H2 and CO2. The CO2 is captured by CaO to form hot CaCO3 in an exothermic reaction. The hot CaCO3 is discharged to the calciner 42, the heat content of the CaCO3 being used to strip the CO2 from the CaO in an endothermic reaction in the calciner, with the CaO being discharged from the calciner 42 to the shift reactor 54.
摘要翻译： 气化器10包括具有放热氧化反应器14和吸热还原反应器16的第一化学处理回路12。 CaS在氧化反应器14中在空气中被氧化，形成被排出到还原反应器16的热CaSO 4。 热还原反应器16中接收的热CaSO 4和碳质燃料利用CaSO 4的热含量进行吸热反应，碳质燃料从CaSO 4 以形成CaS和富含CO的合成气。 CaS被排放到氧化反应器14中，合成气被排放到第二化学处理回路52。 第二化学处理回路52具有水煤气变换反应器54和煅烧炉42。 合成气的CO与变换反应器54中的气态H 2 O 2反应以产生H 2和CO 2。 在放热反应中CO 2捕获CO 2以形成热的CaCO 3。 将热的CaCO 3 3排放到煅烧炉42中，用于从CaO中除去CO 2 3的CO 2的热含量 煅烧炉中的吸热反应，CaO从煅烧炉42排出到变换反应器54。
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公开(公告)号：US07988752B2
公开(公告)日：2011-08-02
申请号：US12239232
申请日：2008-09-26
IPC分类号： C10J3/46
CPC分类号： F23J15/04 , B01D53/96 , B01D2258/0283 , C01B3/105 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/042 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/86 , C10J3/54 , C10J3/56 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0973 , C10J2300/0983 , C10J2300/1618 , C10J2300/1637 , C10J2300/1861 , C10J2300/1869 , C10J2300/1884 , F23J2215/50 , F23J2219/60 , Y02E20/16 , Y02E20/18 , Y02E20/185 , Y02E60/36 , Y02P20/152 , Y02P30/30
摘要： A gasifier 10 includes a first chemical process loop 12 having an exothermic oxidizer reactor 14 and an endothermic reducer reactor 16. CaS is oxidized in air in the oxidizer reactor 14 to form hot CaSO4 which is discharged to the reducer reactor 16. Hot CaSO4 and carbonaceous fuel received in the reducer reactor 16 undergo an endothermic reaction utilizing the heat content of the CaSO4, the carbonaceous fuel stripping the oxygen from the CaSO4 to form CaS and a CO rich syngas. The CaS is discharged to the oxidizer reactor 14 and the syngas is discharged to a second chemical process loop 52. The second chemical process loop 52 has a water-gas shift reactor 54 and a calciner 42. The CO of the syngas reacts with gaseous H2O in the shift reactor 54 to produce H2 and CO2. The CO2 is captured by CaO to form hot CaCO3 in an exothermic reaction. The hot CaCO3 is discharged to the calciner 42, the heat content of the CaCO3 being used to strip the CO2 from the CaO in an endothermic reaction in the calciner, with the CaO being discharged from the calciner 42 to the shift reactor 54.
摘要翻译： 气化器10包括具有放热氧化剂反应器14和吸热还原反应器16的第一化学处理回路12.在氧化反应器14中，CaS在空气中被氧化以形成热的CaSO 4，其被排放到还原反应器16中。热的CaSO 4和碳质 在还原反应器16中接收的燃料利用CaSO 4的热含量进行吸热反应，碳质燃料从CaSO 4中除去氧气以形成CaS和富含CO的合成气。 CaS被排放到氧化反应器14中，合成气排出到第二化学处理回路52.第二化学处理回路52具有水煤气变换反应器54和煅烧炉42.合成气的CO与气态H 2 在换档反应器54中产生H 2和CO 2。 CO 2被CaO捕获以在放热反应中形成热的CaCO 3。 将热的CaCO 3排放到煅烧炉42中，CaCO 3的热含量用于在煅烧炉中的吸热反应中从CaO中分离CO 2，CaO从煅烧炉42排出到变换反应器54。
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公开(公告)号：US08480768B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-09
申请号：US13159002
申请日：2011-06-13
IPC分类号： B01J7/00
CPC分类号： F23J15/04 , B01D53/96 , B01D2258/0283 , C01B3/105 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/042 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/86 , C10J3/54 , C10J3/56 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0973 , C10J2300/0983 , C10J2300/1618 , C10J2300/1637 , C10J2300/1861 , C10J2300/1869 , C10J2300/1884 , F23J2215/50 , F23J2219/60 , Y02E20/16 , Y02E20/18 , Y02E20/185 , Y02E60/36 , Y02P20/152 , Y02P30/30
摘要： A gasifier 10 includes a first chemical process loop 12 having an exothermic oxidizer reactor 14 and an endothermic reducer reactor 16. CaS is oxidized in air in the oxidizer reactor 14 to form hot CaSO4 which is discharged to the reducer reactor 16. Hot CaSO4 and carbonaceous fuel received in the reducer reactor 16 undergo an endothermic reaction utilizing the heat content of the CaSO4, the carbonaceous fuel stripping the oxygen from the CaSO4 to form CaS and a CO rich syngas. The CaS is discharged to the oxidizer reactor 14 and the syngas is discharged to a second chemical process loop 52. The second chemical process loop 52 has a water-gas shift reactor 54 and a calciner 42. The CO of the syngas reacts with gaseous H2O in the shift reactor 54 to produce H2 and CO2. The CO2 is captured by CaO to form hot CaCO3 in an exothermic reaction. The hot CaCO3 is discharged to the calciner 42, the heat content of the CaCO3 being used to strip the CO2 from the CaO in an endothermic reaction in the calciner, with the CaO being discharged from the calciner 42 to the shift reactor 54.
摘要翻译： 气化器10包括具有放热氧化反应器14和吸热还原反应器16的第一化学处理回路12.在氧化反应器14中，CaS在空气中被氧化以形成热的CaSO 4，其被排放到还原反应器16中。热的CaSO 4和碳质 在还原反应器16中接收的燃料利用CaSO 4的热含量进行吸热反应，碳质燃料从CaSO 4中除去氧气以形成CaS和富含CO的合成气。 CaS被排放到氧化反应器14中，合成气排出到第二化学处理回路52.第二化学处理回路52具有水煤气变换反应器54和煅烧炉42.合成气的CO与气态H 2 在换档反应器54中产生H 2和CO 2。 CO 2被CaO捕获以在放热反应中形成热的CaCO 3。 将热的CaCO 3排放到煅烧炉42中，CaCO 3的热含量用于在煅烧炉中的吸热反应中从CaO中分离CO 2，CaO从煅烧炉42排出到变换反应器54。
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公开(公告)号：US20110243803A1
公开(公告)日：2011-10-06
申请号：US13159002
申请日：2011-06-13
IPC分类号： B01J8/00
CPC分类号： F23J15/04 , B01D53/96 , B01D2258/0283 , C01B3/105 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/042 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/86 , C10J3/54 , C10J3/56 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0973 , C10J2300/0983 , C10J2300/1618 , C10J2300/1637 , C10J2300/1861 , C10J2300/1869 , C10J2300/1884 , F23J2215/50 , F23J2219/60 , Y02E20/16 , Y02E20/18 , Y02E20/185 , Y02E60/36 , Y02P20/152 , Y02P30/30
摘要： A gasifier 10 includes a first chemical process loop 12 having an exothermic oxidizer reactor 14 and an endothermic reducer reactor 16. CaS is oxidized in air in the oxidizer reactor 14 to form hot CaSO4 which is discharged to the reducer reactor 16. Hot CaSO4 and carbonaceous fuel received in the reducer reactor 16 undergo an endothermic reaction utilizing the heat content of the CaSO4, the carbonaceous fuel stripping the oxygen from the CaSO4 to form CaS and a CO rich syngas. The CaS is discharged to the oxidizer reactor 14 and the syngas is discharged to a second chemical process loop 52. The second chemical process loop 52 has a water-gas shift reactor 54 and a calciner 42. The CO of the syngas reacts with gaseous H2O in the shift reactor 54 to produce H2 and CO2. The CO2 is captured by CaO to form hot CaCO3 in an exothermic reaction. The hot CaCO3 is discharged to the calciner 42, the heat content of the CaCO3 being used to strip the CO2 from the CaO in an endothermic reaction in the calciner, with the CaO being discharged from the calciner 42 to the shift reactor 54.
摘要翻译： 气化器10包括具有放热氧化反应器14和吸热还原反应器16的第一化学处理回路12.在氧化反应器14中，CaS在空气中被氧化以形成热的CaSO 4，其被排放到还原反应器16中。热的CaSO 4和碳质 在还原反应器16中接收的燃料利用CaSO 4的热含量进行吸热反应，碳质燃料从CaSO 4中除去氧气以形成CaS和富含CO的合成气。 CaS被排放到氧化反应器14中，合成气排出到第二化学处理回路52.第二化学处理回路52具有水煤气变换反应器54和煅烧炉42.合成气的CO与气态H 2 在换档反应器54中产生H 2和CO 2。 CO 2被CaO捕获以在放热反应中形成热的CaCO 3。 将热的CaCO 3排放到煅烧炉42中，CaCO 3的热含量用于在煅烧炉中的吸热反应中从CaO中分离CO 2，CaO从煅烧炉42排出到变换反应器54。
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公开(公告)号：US08562933B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-22
申请号：US12749221
申请日：2010-03-29
申请人： Herbert E. Andrus, Jr. , John. H. Chiu , Gregory N. Liljedahl , Paul R. Thibeault , Carl R. Bozzuto , Corinne Beal , Michal T. Bialkowski , Andreas Brautsch , Laurent Maghdissian , Michel Vandycke
发明人： Herbert E. Andrus, Jr. , John. H. Chiu , Gregory N. Liljedahl , Paul R. Thibeault , Carl R. Bozzuto , Corinne Beal , Michal T. Bialkowski , Andreas Brautsch , Laurent Maghdissian , Michel Vandycke
CPC分类号： C10J3/00 , C10J3/725 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0976 , C10J2300/0996 , C10J2300/1807 , F23C2900/99008 , Y02E20/346
摘要： A hot solids process selectively operable for purposes of generating at least one predetermined output based on what the specific nature of the primary purpose of the hot solids process is for which the at least one predetermined output that is selected from a multiplicity of predetermined outputs, such as H2 and CO2, is being produced, and wherein such primary purpose of the hot solids process is designed to be pre-selected from a group of primary purposes of the hot solids process that includes at least two of the generation of H2 for electric power purposes, the generation of SynGas for electric power production as well as for other industrial uses, the production of steam for electric power generation as well as for other uses, the production of process heat, the production of CO2 for agricultural purposes, and the generation of a feedstock such as H2 for use for the production of liquid hydrocarbons.
摘要翻译： 热固体过程选择性地可操作用于基于热固体过程的主要目的的特定性质产生至少一个预定输出，对于该固体过程，选择多个预定输出的至少一个预定输出，例如 作为H 2和CO 2，并且其中热固体过程的这种主要目的被设计为从热固体过程的一组主要目的中预先选择的，所述热固体过程包括产生用于电力的H2中的至少两个 目的，生产用于电力生产和其他工业用途的SynGas，生产用于发电和其他用途的蒸汽，生产过程热量，用于农业生产的二氧化碳，以及生成 的诸如H 2的原料用于生产液体烃。
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公开(公告)号：US5372618A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-13
申请号：US998341
申请日：1992-12-30
IPC分类号： C10J3/72
CPC分类号： C10J3/72 , C10K1/026 , C10J2300/0906 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/1807 , Y02E20/18 , Y10S48/02
摘要： A temperature measuring device for a gasifier of a gasifier system wherein the gasifier has a through opening formed thereon. The temperature measuring device includes a slag shield mounted on the gasifier so that a portion of the slag shield extends into the interior of the gasifier through the opening with which the gasifier is provided for this purpose, and a temperature measuring instrument mounted in supported relation within the slag shield so that a line-of-sight exists from the temperature measuring instrument into the interior of the gasifier whereat the temperature is desired to be measured. The slag shield is designed to protect the temperature measuring instrument from the slag flow within the gasifier. The temperature measuring instrument further includes cooling means for cooling at least that portion of the slag shield that extends into the interior of the gasifier, and purge gas means for supplying a flow of purge gas in surrounding relation to the temperature measuring instrument to purge particulate matter therefrom in order to ensure that the line-of-sight between the temperature measuring instrument and the interior of the gasifier remains unobscured.
摘要翻译： 一种用于气化器系统的气化器的温度测量装置，其中气化器具有形成在其上的通孔。 温度测量装置包括安装在气化器上的炉渣屏蔽物，使得一部分炉渣屏蔽件通过与此气化器一起设置的开口延伸到气化器内部;以及温度测量仪器， 炉渣屏蔽，使得从温度测量仪器到视觉温度希望测量的气化器内部存在视线。 渣屏设计用于保护温度测量仪器免受气化炉内的渣流。 温度测量仪器还包括冷却装置，用于至少冷却延伸到气化器内部的炉渣屏蔽部分的部分，以及吹扫气体装置，用于提供与温度测量仪器相关的净化气体流以清除颗粒物质 从而确保温度测量仪器与气化器内部之间的视线保持视野不变。
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8.发明授权Air-fired CO2 capture ready circulating fluidized bed heat generation with a reactor subsystem 有权使用反应器子系统进行空气CO2捕集就绪循环流化床发热公开(公告)号：US08196532B2
公开(公告)日：2012-06-12
申请号：US12392436
申请日：2009-02-25
CPC分类号： F23C10/10 , F22B31/0007 , F23C9/00 , F23J15/006 , F23J15/06 , F23J2215/50 , F23L7/007 , F23L15/04 , F23L2900/07001 , F23L2900/07003 , F23L2900/15042 , Y02E20/322 , Y02E20/326 , Y02E20/344 , Y02E20/348
摘要： A combustor 110 combust a fluidized bed of fossil fuel 114, 114′ to heat a working fluid 102 and generate flue gas 104. An air preheater 144 has first and second gas passageways 144a, 144b for respectively directing the generated flue gas 150 and another gas 250 with captured CO2 generated by combustion outside of the combustor 110. When operated in a non-CO2 capture, the air preheater 144 receives the flue gas 150, but not the other gas 250, and the first gas passageway 144a directs the flue gas 150 so as to preheat the air 188. However, when operated in the CO2 capture mode, the air preheater 144 receives the flue gas 150 and the other gas 250, and the second gas passageway 144b also directs the other gas 250 so as to preheat the air 188′. In either mode, the preheated air 188, 188′ is applied by the combustor 110 to fluidize a bed of fossil fuel 114, 114′.
摘要翻译： 燃烧器110燃烧化石燃料114,114'的流化床以加热工作流体102并产生烟气104.空气预热器144具有用于分别引导产生的烟道气150和另一种气体的第一和第二气体通道144a，144b 250，其具有由燃烧器110外部的燃烧产生的捕获的CO 2。当在非CO2捕获中操作时，空气预热器144接收烟道气150而不是另一气体250，并且第一气体通道144a引导烟道气150 以便预热空气188.然而，当以二氧化碳捕获模式操作时，空气预热器144接收烟道气150和另一气体250，并且第二气体通道144b也引导另一气体250以便预热 空气188'。 在任一模式中，预热空气188,188'由燃烧器110施加以使化石燃料114,114'的床流化。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5622534A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-22
申请号：US336604
申请日：1994-11-09
CPC分类号： C10J3/485 , C10J3/482 , C10J3/76 , C10J3/78 , C10K1/026 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/1687 , C10J2300/1807 , C10J2300/1884 , Y02E20/18
摘要： A high performance, multi-stage, pressurized, airblown, entrained flow coal gasifier system and a method of operating such a gasifier system for generating therewithin fuel gas from coal. The subject gasifier system includes an outer, pressure containing vessel surrounding an inner, water-cooled vessel wherein the gasification reaction, through which the fuel gas is generated from coal, takes place. The inner, water-cooled vessel embodies a first stage within which the high temperatures required for the gasification reactions to take place as well as for slagging are generated from the combustion of char, a second stage within which the char is gasified to generate the subject fuel gas, and a third stage within which coal is devolatilized to produce the char for the first stage and the second stage and with a concomitant quenching being effected of the fuel gas as the latter flows through the third stage of the inner water-cooled vessel.
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10.发明授权High performance, multi-stage, pressurized, airblown, entrained flow coal gasifier system 失效高性能，多级，加压，气吹，夹带气流煤气化炉系统
公开(公告)号：US5620487A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-15
申请号：US336440
申请日：1994-11-09
CPC分类号： C10J3/485 , C10J3/482 , C10J3/76 , C10J3/78 , C10K1/026 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/1687 , C10J2300/1807 , C10J2300/1884 , Y02E20/18
摘要： A high performance, multi-stage, pressurized, airblown, entrained flow coal gasifier system and a method of operating such a gasifier system for generating therewithin fuel gas from coal. The subject gasifier system includes an outer, pressure containing vessel surrounding an inner, water-cooled vessel wherein the gasification reaction, through which the fuel gas is generated from coal, takes place. The inner, water-cooled vessel embodies a first stage within which the high temperatures required for the gasification reactions to take place as well as for slagging are generated from the combustion of char, a second stage within which the char is gasified to generate the subject fuel gas, and a third stage within which coal is devolatilized to produce the char for the first stage and the second stage and with a concomitant quenching being effected of the fuel gas as the latter flows through the third stage of the inner water-cooled vessel.
摘要翻译： 一种高性能，多级，加压，气吹，夹带气流煤气化炉系统和操作这种气化器系统的方法，用于在煤中产生燃料气体。 本发明的气化器系统包括围绕内部水冷容器的外部包含压力的容器，其中进行从煤产生燃料气体的气化反应。 内部水冷容器体现了第一阶段，其中气化反应发生所需的高温以及结渣是由炭的燃烧产生的，其中炭被气化以产生物体 燃料气体和第三阶段，其中煤被脱挥发分以产生用于第一阶段和第二阶段的焦炭，并且随着燃料气体流过内部水冷却容器的第三阶段而伴随着淬火 。
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