公开(公告)号：US4849007A

公开(公告)日：1989-07-18

申请号：US934298

申请日：1986-11-24

申请人： Hermann Rempfler ,  Walter Kunz

发明人： Hermann Rempfler ,  Walter Kunz

IPC分类号： A01N43/20 ,  C07D303/32

CPC分类号： A01N43/20 ,  C07D303/32

摘要： The invention relates to a herbicidal and plant growth regulating composition which contains as active ingredient a 2-benzoyl-2-phenyloxirane of formula I; ##STR1## wherein each of m and n independently of the other is 0, 1, 2 or 3 and each of R and R' independently of the other is a halogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkoxy group or the nitro or cyano group or a phenoxy group which is substituted by (R).sub.m, in the form of a racemate or an optically active enantiomer.Some oxiranes are known as intermediates for the preparation of fungicides and others are novel. The herbicidal composition has selective action in rice crops and is active against grasses.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及含有式I的2-苯甲酰基-2-苯基环氧乙烷作为活性成分的除草和植物生长调节组合物; （I）其中m和n彼此独立地为0,1,2或3，R和R'各自独立地为卤原子，C 1 -C 4烷基，C 1 -C 4烷氧基，C 1 -C 4卤代烷基或C 1 -C 4卤代烷氧基或硝基或氰基或被（R）m取代的外消旋体或光学活性对映异构体形式的苯氧基。 一些环氧乙烷被称为制备杀真菌剂的中间体，而另一些则是新的。 除草组合物在水稻作物中具有选择性作用，并且对草有活性。

公开(公告)号：US4497647A

公开(公告)日：1985-02-05

申请号：US466825

申请日：1983-02-16

申请人： Alfred Meyer ,  Walter Kunz ,  Ludwig Maier ,  Hermann Rempfler

发明人： Alfred Meyer ,  Walter Kunz ,  Ludwig Maier ,  Hermann Rempfler

IPC分类号： A01N43/653 ,  A01N47/06 ,  A01N47/12 ,  C07D233/60 ,  C07D249/08 ,  C07D521/00 ,  C07F9/6518 ,  A01N43/50 ,  A01N43/64

CPC分类号： C07D231/12 ,  A01N43/653 ,  C07D233/56 ,  C07D249/08 ,  C07F9/65181

摘要： The invention relates to novel azolyl-olefin derivatives of the general formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an azolyl group,R.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl substituted by unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxycarbonyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkenyl, or is C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl which is substituted by 1 to 4 C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl groups,R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl which is substituted by 1 to 4 C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl groups, or is the --C(R.sub.4)(R.sub.5)--[CH(R.sub.4)].sub.n --X--R.sub.6 group, wherein n is 0 or 1 andR.sub.4 and R.sub.5, each independently of the other, are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl,X is oxygen or sulfur,R.sub.6 is a radical selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 alkynyl, phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, benzylphenyl, benzoxyphenyl, phenoxyphenyl and aralkyl, which radical is substituted by one or more of halogen, cyano, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 haloalkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkylthio, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 haloalkylthio, nitro, --COOR.sub.7 or --CON(R.sub.8)(R.sub.9), whereinR.sub.7 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl andR.sub.8 and R.sub.9, each independently of the other, are hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, and the acid addition salts quaternary azolium salts and metal complexes thereof.The invention also describes methods of preparing these compounds as well as agrochemical compositions which contain one of said compounds as active ingredient. The invention further describes a method of controlling phytopathogenic microorganisms and/or of regulating plant growth which comprises the use of the novel compounds.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通式Ⅰ（I）的新的唑基 - 烯烃衍生物，其中R1是唑基，R2是C1-C12烷基，C3-C8环烷基，被未取代或取代的苯基取代的C1-C4烷基，C1-C4烷氧基羰基 或C 2 -C 6烯基，或者是被1至4个C 1 -C 4烷基取代的C 3 -C 8环烷基，R 3是C 1 -C 12烷基，被1至4个C 1 -C 4烷基取代的C 3 -C 8环烷基，或者是-C ）（R5） - [CH（R4）] nX-R6基团，其中n为0或1，R4和R5各自独立地为氢或C1-C4烷基，X为氧或硫，R6为自由基 选自C 1 -C 8烷基，C 3 -C 8环烷基，C 3 -C 6烯基，C 3 -C 6炔基，苯基，萘基，联苯基，苄基苯基，苯氧基苯基，苯氧基苯基和芳烷基，该基团被一个或多个卤素，氰基， C 1 -C 4烷基，C 1 -C 5烷氧基，C 1 -C 5卤代烷氧基，C 1 -C 3烷硫基，C 1 -C 3卤代烷基，C 1 -C 3卤代烷硫基，硝基，-COOR 7或-CON（R 8）（R 9） 9，各自独立地是氢或C 1 -C 4烷基，和酸加成盐季氮鎓盐及其金属络合物。 本发明还描述了制备这些化合物的方法以及含有所述化合物之一作为活性成分的农药组合物。 本发明还描述了一种控制植物病原微生物和/或调节植物生长的方法，其包括使用新化合物。

公开(公告)号：US4894083A

公开(公告)日：1990-01-16

申请号：US161812

申请日：1988-02-29

申请人： Hermann Rempfler ,  Walter Kunz

发明人： Hermann Rempfler ,  Walter Kunz

IPC分类号： A01N43/20 ,  C07D303/32

CPC分类号： A01N43/20 ,  C07D303/32

摘要： The invention relates to a herbicidal and plant growth regulating composition which contains as active ingredient a 2-benzoyl-2-phenyloxirane of formula I ##STR1## wherein each of m and n independently of the other is 0, 1, 2 or 3 and each of R and R' independently of the other is a halogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkoxy group or the nitro or cyano group or a phenoxy group which is substituted by (R).sub.m, in the form of a racemate or an optically active enantiomer.Some oxiranes are known as intermediates for the preparation of fungicides and others are novel. The herbicidal composition has selective action in rice crops and is active against grasses.

公开(公告)号：US07105545B2

公开(公告)日：2006-09-12

申请号：US10472577

申请日：2002-04-02

申请人： Walter Kunz ,  Clemens Lamberth ,  Fredrik Cederbaum ,  Martin Zeller

发明人： Walter Kunz ,  Clemens Lamberth ,  Fredrik Cederbaum ,  Martin Zeller

IPC分类号： A01N43/40 ,  A01N43/06 ,  A01N43/08 ,  A01N37/44 ,  A01N37/18

CPC分类号： C07C327/44 ,  A01N37/36 ,  A01N43/08 ,  A01N43/10 ,  A01N43/12 ,  A01N43/30 ,  A01N43/32 ,  A01N43/40 ,  A01N43/54

摘要： The invention relates to N-propargyloxy-phenethyl thioacetic acid amide derivatives of the general formula (I) including the optical isomers thereof and mixtures of such isomers, wherein R1 is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or optionally substituted aryl, R2 and R3 are each independently hydrogen or alkyl, R4 is alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are each independently hydrogen or alkyl, R9 is hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl or optionally substituted alkynyl, R10 is optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl, and Z is hydroxy, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted alkoxy, optionally substituted alkynyloxy, optionally substituted arylthio, optionally substituted alkylthio, optionally substituted alkynylthio, optionally substituted alkylsulfinyl, optionally substituted alkenysulfinyl, optionally substituted alkynylsulfinyl, optionally substituted alkylsulfonyl, optionally substituted alkenylsulfonyl, optionally substituted alkynylsulfonyl or a group —O—CO—R11, —O—CO—O—R11 or —O—CO—CO—O—R11 wherein R11 is hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl. These compounds possess useful plant protecting properties and may advantageously be employed in agricultural practice for controlling or preventing the infestation of plants by phytopathogenic microorganisms, especially fungi

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通式（I）的N-炔丙氧基 - 苯乙基硫代乙酰胺衍生物，其包括其旋光异构体和这些异构体的混合物，其中R 1是氢，烷基，环烷基或任选取代的 芳基，R 2和R 3各自独立地是氢或烷基，R 4是烷基，烯基或炔基，R 5， R 6，R 7，R 8和R 8各自独立地为氢或烷基，R 9为 氢，任选取代的烷基，任选取代的烯基或任选取代的炔基，R 10是任选取代的芳基或任选取代的杂芳基，Z是羟基，任选取代的芳氧基，任选取代的烷氧基，任选取代的炔氧基，任选地 取代的芳硫基，任选取代的烷硫基，任选取代的炔硫基，任选取代的烷基亚磺酰基，任选取代的烯基亚磺酰基，任选的 取代的炔基亚磺酰基，任选取代的烷基磺酰基，任选取代的链烯基磺酰基，任选取代的炔基磺酰基或基团-O-CO-R 11，-O-CO-OR 11或-O- 其中R 11是氢，任选取代的烷基，任选取代的环烷基，任选取代的芳基或任选取代的杂芳基。 这些化合物具有有用的植物保护性质，并且可有利地用于农业实践中以控制或防止由植物病原微生物特别是真菌侵染植物

公开(公告)号：US20050034737A1

公开(公告)日：2005-02-17

申请号：US10639130

申请日：2003-08-13

申请人： Charles Kunz ,  Walter Kunz

发明人： Charles Kunz ,  Walter Kunz

IPC分类号： A24B15/28 ,  A24D3/16 ,  A24B3/10 ,  A24B15/00

CPC分类号： A24B15/287 ,  A24B15/28 ,  A24D3/16

摘要： This invention relates to the treatment of tobacco and tobacco smoke with chelating agents to reduce the concentration of Pb-210 and Po-210. Chelating formulations such as the tetrasodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in aqueous solution with a wetting agent are sprayed onto the tobacco during growth and/or the chelating formulations are used to soak or wash the tobacco after harvest but before curing the tobacco. Pb-210, Po-210 and other metals are removed from tobacco smoke by applying chelating agents to the surface of the tobacco and/or the filter material.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用螯合剂处理烟草烟草烟雾以降低Pb-210和Po-210的浓度。 螯合配方如乙二胺四乙酸的四钠盐在水溶液中与润湿剂在生长期间喷洒到烟草上，和/或螯合制剂用于在收获后但在固化烟草之前浸泡或洗涤烟草。 通过将螯合剂施用到烟草和/或过滤材料的表面，从烟草烟雾中除去Pb-210，Po-210和其它金属。

公开(公告)号：US06255251B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-03

申请号：US09677570

申请日：2000-10-02

申请人： Alain De Mesmaeker ,  Jürgen Schaetzer ,  Walter Kunz

发明人： Alain De Mesmaeker ,  Jürgen Schaetzer ,  Walter Kunz

IPC分类号： A01N4380

CPC分类号： C07D261/10 ,  A01N43/80

摘要： Compounds of formula 1 wherein R1 and R2 are independently C1-C8alkyl, are suitable for use as herbicides.

摘要翻译： R1和R2中的式1化合物独立地为C1-C8烷基，适合用作除草剂。

公开(公告)号：US5770758A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-23

申请号：US770353

申请日：1996-12-20

申请人： Walter Kunz ,  Beat Jau

发明人： Walter Kunz ,  Beat Jau

IPC分类号： C07C323/62 ,  C07C20060101 ,  C07C319/02 ,  C07C319/12 ,  C07C323/33 ,  C07C323/34 ,  C07C323/47 ,  C07C323/49 ,  C07C323/63 ,  C07C323/64 ,  C07C327/26 ,  C07C335/16 ,  C07C335/22 ,  C07D20060101 ,  C07D277/82 ,  C07D285/00 ,  C07D285/01 ,  C07D285/06 ,  C07D285/14 ,  C07D417/04 ,  C07C255/07 ,  C07C321/08 ,  C07C327/16

CPC分类号： C07D285/14 ,  C07C319/02 ,  C07C319/12 ,  C07C323/63 ,  C07C327/26 ,  C07C335/22 ,  C07D277/82

摘要： Compounds of the formula I ##STR1## and disulfides thereof and salts thereof are important intermediate products for the preparation of compounds having a microbicidal and plant-immunizing action, of the formula III ##STR2## In the compounds of the formulae I and III: X is halogen, n is 0,1,2 or 3; Z is CN, CO-A or CS-A, A is hydrogen, halogen, OR.sub.1, SR.sub.2 and N(R.sub.3)R.sub.4 ; R.sub.1 to R .sub.4 are hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted, open-chain, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical containing not more than 8 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical containing not more than 10 carbon atoms, substituted or unsubstituted benzyl or phenethyl, a substituted or unsubstituted alkanoyl group containing not more than 8 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted benzoyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl radical; or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, are a 5- or 6-membered, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic radical having 1-3 heteroatoms O,S and/or N. Processes for the preparation of compounds of the formula I are described.

摘要翻译： 式I的化合物及其二硫化物及其盐是制备具有式III的杀微生物和植物免疫作用的化合物的重要的中间产物。在式I和III的化合物中 X为卤素，n为0,1,2或3; Z是CN，CO-A或CS-A，A是氢，卤素，OR1，SR2和N（R3）R4; R 1至R 4为氢，取代或未取代的含有不超过8个碳原子的开链，饱和或不饱和烃基，取代或未取代的含有不多于10个碳原子的环状，饱和或不饱和烃基，取代或未取代的 未取代的苄基或苯乙基，取代或未取代的不超过8个碳原子的烷酰基，取代或未取代的苯甲酰基或取代或未取代的杂环基; 或R 3和R 4与它们所键合的氮原子一起是具有1-3个杂原子O，S和/或N的5或6元取代或未取代的杂环基。用于制备 描述了式I。

公开(公告)号：US5049569A

公开(公告)日：1991-09-17

申请号：US325848

申请日：1989-03-20

申请人： Walter Kunz

发明人： Walter Kunz

IPC分类号： A01N47/32 ,  A01N47/34 ,  A01N47/36 ,  A01N47/38 ,  A01N53/04 ,  C07D213/81 ,  C07D401/12 ,  C07D405/12 ,  C07D409/12 ,  C07D413/12 ,  C07D417/12

CPC分类号： C07D213/81 ,  A01N47/34 ,  A01N47/36 ,  A01N47/38 ,  C07D401/12 ,  C07D405/12 ,  C07D409/12 ,  C07D413/12 ,  C07D417/12

摘要： Novel acylated urea derivatives of the general formula ##STR1## in which: X is hydrogen or halogen; Y is halogen; R.sub.1, R.sub.2 independently of one another are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl which is substituted by halogen, cyano, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or COO-C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, or is C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkenyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkenyl which is substituted by halogen, or is C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkynyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.5 alkynyl which is substituted by halogen, or is C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 cycloalkyl or C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 cycloalkyl which is substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl, halogen, cyano or COO-C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, or is phenyl, benzyl or phenyl or benzyl which are substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkoxy or halogen; and R.sub.1 can furthermore also be the radical Q or Q which is substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 cycloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkoxy or halogen, where Q can be bonded to the N atom via a C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 alkyl; or where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together with the adjacent N atom from a 3- to 7-membered heterocycle which can additionally contain 1 or 2 further hetero atoms such as O, N or S, and a carbonyl group and can be substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, halogen or COO-C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl; Q is furan-2-yl, thiophen-2-yl, isoxazol-3-yl, isoxazol-3-yl, thiazol-2-yl, 1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl, 1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl, 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl radicals or 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl radicals which are substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkylthio or halogen; 2-, 4- or 5-pyrimidyl radicals or 2-, 4- or 5-pyrimidyl radicals which are substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkylthio, halogen or cyclopropyl.The novel active substances have plant-protecting properties and are suitable in particular for the preventive protection of plants against infection with phytopathogenic microorganisms, such as fungi, bacteria and viruses.

摘要翻译： 新型通式为“IMAGE”的酰化脲衍生物，其中：X为氢或卤素; Y为卤素; R 1，R 2彼此独立地是氢，C 1 -C 6烷基或被卤素，氰基，C 1 -C 4烷氧基或COO-C 1 -C 3烷基取代的C 1 -C 6烷基，或被被卤素取代的C 3 -C 5烯基或C 3 -C 5链烯基， 或被被卤素取代的C3-C5炔基或C3-C5炔基，或是被C1-C2烷基，卤素，氰基或COO-C1-C3烷基取代的C3-C7环烷基或C3-C7环烷基，或是苯基，苄基或苯基或 被C 1 -C 3烷基，C 1 -C 3烷氧基或卤素取代的苄基; 并且R 1还可以是被C 1 -C 3烷基，C 3 -C 7环烷基，C 1 -C 3烷氧基或卤素取代的基团Q或Q，其中Q可以通过C 1 -C 2烷基与N原子键合; 或者其中R 1和R 2与相邻的N原子一起形成3至7元杂环，其可另外含有1或2个另外的杂原子如O，N或S和羰基，并且可以被C 1 -C 3烷基 ，卤素或COO-C 1 -C 3烷基; Q是呋喃-2-基，噻吩-2-基，异恶唑-3-基，异恶唑-3-基，噻唑-2-基，1,2,4-噻二唑-3-基， C 1 -C 3烷氧基，C 1 -C 3烷硫基或卤素取代的噻唑烷-2-基，2-，3-或4-吡啶基或2-，3-或4-吡啶基; 被C 1 -C 3烷基，C 1 -C 3烷氧基，C 1 -C 3烷硫基，卤素或环丙基取代的2-，4-或5-嘧啶基或2-，4-或5-嘧啶基。 新型活性物质具有植物保护性质，特别适用于植物防止植物病原微生物如真菌，细菌和病毒感染的预防性保护。

公开(公告)号：US4620976A

公开(公告)日：1986-11-04

申请号：US741606

申请日：1985-06-05

申请人： Jochen M. Quack ,  Alwin Reng ,  Werner Skrypzak ,  Walter Kunz

发明人： Jochen M. Quack ,  Alwin Reng ,  Werner Skrypzak ,  Walter Kunz

IPC分类号： C11D3/40 ,  A61K8/00 ,  A61K8/20 ,  A61K8/23 ,  A61K8/37 ,  A61K8/39 ,  A61K8/40 ,  A61K8/41 ,  A61K8/42 ,  A61K8/46 ,  A61Q5/02 ,  A61Q19/10 ,  B01F17/10 ,  B01F17/38 ,  B01F17/42 ,  B01J13/00 ,  C09B67/46 ,  C09K3/00 ,  C11D1/28 ,  C11D1/52 ,  C11D1/66 ,  C11D1/75 ,  C11D1/86 ,  C11D3/33 ,  C11D17/00 ,  A61K7/06 ,  A61K7/08

CPC分类号： C11D17/00 ,  A61K8/39 ,  A61K8/40 ,  A61K8/42 ,  A61K8/466 ,  A61Q19/10 ,  A61Q5/02 ,  C11D1/523 ,  C11D1/86 ,  C11D3/0089 ,  A61K2800/596 ,  C11D1/28 ,  C11D1/667 ,  C11D1/75

摘要： Pearlescent dispersions consisting of a fatty acid glycol ester, a fatty acid alkanolamide, one or more surfactants of the formulae ##STR1## in which the individual symbols of these formulae have the meanings given in the description, salts and water in the amount to make up to 100%. Pearlescent dispersions based on these surfactants have the advantage that they already have good flow properties at temperatures below 20.degree. C.

摘要翻译： 由脂肪酸乙二醇酯，脂肪酸链烷醇酰胺，一种或多种下式的表面活性剂组成的珠光分散体，其中这些式的各符号具有说明书中给出的含义， 盐和水的含量可达100％。 基于这些表面活性剂的珠光分散体具有的优点是它们在低于20℃的温度下已具有良好的流动性能。

公开(公告)号：US4447625A

公开(公告)日：1984-05-08

申请号：US422314

申请日：1982-09-23

申请人： Walter Kunz

发明人： Walter Kunz

IPC分类号： A01N43/50 ,  A01N43/653 ,  C07C51/295 ,  C07D317/34 ,  C07D317/72 ,  C07D405/06 ,  C07D521/00

CPC分类号： C07D317/72 ,  A01N43/50 ,  A01N43/653 ,  C07C51/295 ,  C07D231/12 ,  C07D233/56 ,  C07D249/08 ,  C07D317/34

摘要： The invention relates to novel 4-(1H-azolylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-5-one derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## and to the production and use of these compounds. In formula I, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are unsubstituted or substituted alkyl or phenyl, or together form a 3- to 7-membered carbocyclic ring which is unsubstituted or substituted, A is an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl radical, and X is --CH.dbd. or --N.dbd.. The compounds of the formula I can be used in the form of appropriate compositions for regulating plant growth and/or for controlling and/or protecting plants from attack by phytopathogenic microorganisms.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及式I（I）的新型4-（1H-吡唑甲基）-1,3-二氧戊环-5-酮衍生物以及这些化合物的生产和使用。 在式Ⅰ中，R 1和R 2为未取代或取代的烷基或苯基，或一起形成未取代或取代的3-至7-元碳环，A为未取代或取代的苯基，X为-CH =或 - N =。 式I的化合物可以以用于调节植物生长和/或控制和/或保护植物免受植物病原微生物攻击的适当组合物的形式使用。