摘要:
A series of delay circuits are provided which receive tone signal sample data of plural channels supplied on a time shared basis, hold plural tone signal sample data of each channel and hold these plural sample data while sequentially delaying them. The series of delay circuits are connected in an endless manner to form a circulating loop and plural data selection circuits are provided at predetermined delay stages. Each data selection circuit performs a selection control as to whether new tone signal sample data should be loaded in the delay circuit loop or data in the delay circuit should be circulated. Tone signal sample data which are provided sequentially from the delay circuit loop after delay are sequentially operated with filter coefficients of plural orders and results of the operation are accumulated to obtain a filter operation output. This construction enables tone signal sample data of a necessary channel to be loaded in the delay circuit loop at a point of a necessary data selection circuit in a time period which is shorter than one cycle of the entire delay circuit loop. Therefore, the time division period of supplied tone signal sample data of each channel can be made different from the time division period of each channel in the delay circuit loop.
摘要:
Data of desired variable data length is stored in a memory. When desired data is to be taken out of the memory, data length of the data to be taken out is designated and necessary data is selectively taken out of the memory in accordance with the designated data length. Single data may be stored over plural addresses. In that case, MSB or LSB of data to be taken out of the data stored over the plural addresses is pointed out and desired data of a desired bit number is taken out in accordance with the pointed out position and the bit number of the data. In the memory, first data and second data may be mixedly stored. The second data consists of plural bits and is divided in plural sections, each section being separately stored in the first data. The first data and the second data are separated from the data which has been read from the memory and the respective sections of the second data are assembled together to reproduce completed second data. This storage and reproduction of data contributes to an efficient utilization of the memory.
摘要:
To waveform data is applied not only a predetermined data compression processing but also a processing for further reducing the value of waveform data in accordance with a weight coefficient, which processing is performed at least at one stage selected from a stage before the data compression processing is performed, a stage when the data compression processing is being performed and a stage after the data compression processing has been completed. Data compression can thereby be performed to a further degree. A control for changing the rate of reduction or for not changing such rate at all can be made in a simple manner merely by changing the weight coefficient without changing the predetermined data compression processing system. Waveform sample data or tone control data consisting of multiple samples may be divided into plural sections each consisting of plural samples and a maximum value of effective bit number of sample data for each section may be detected. These sample data may be adjusted, for each section, to have a bit number corresponding to the detected maximum value for each section and the bit-number-adjusted sample data may be stored in a memory. Memory elements necessary for effective bits of data only are thereby occupied and unnecessary memory elements are not occupied and, therefore, saving of memory capacity and effective use of a memory can be realized.
摘要:
An apparatus for treating a biomass feedstock at a high temperature, includes a cooling device 90 for cooling a biomass treated liquid at a high temperature; an enzymatic saccharification tank 103 for saccharifying a cooled treated liquid 101B with an enzyme; a solid-liquid separation apparatus 112 for removing water-slightly soluble substances contained in a saccharide solution 104 taken out from the enzymatic saccharification tank 103 and a foreign substance removing unit 113 provided with a microfiltration (MF) membrane 113a; a dilution tank 132, disposed downstream of the foreign substance removing unit 113, for diluting the saccharide solution from which the water-slightly soluble substances are removed by adding water thereto; a water separation unit 116, provided with a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane 116a, for removing water 114 from the diluted saccharide solution so as to obtain concentrated saccharide solution 115.
摘要:
A biomass hydrothermal decomposition apparatus that feeds a solid biomass material 11 from one side of an apparatus body 42, feeds hot water 15 from the other side, to hydrothermally decompose the biomass material 11 while bringing the biomass material 11 into counter contact with the hot water 15, dissolves hot-water soluble fractions in hot water, discharges the hot water to outside from the one side of the apparatus body 42 as a hot-water effluent 16, and discharges a biomass solid (a hot water insoluble) 17 to outside from the other side. The biomass hydrothermal decomposition apparatus includes an effective reaction region A formed from the other side to the one side of the apparatus body 42, in which a feeding temperature of the hot water 15 (for example, 200° C.) is maintained for a predetermined period of time to cause hydrothermal decomposition, and a temperature drop region B in which a temperature is rapidly dropped to a temperature (for example, 140° C.) at which the hot-water soluble fractions are not excessively decomposed (for example, from 200° C. to 140° C.), immediately after it is out of the effective reaction region A.
摘要:
A biomass hydrothermal decomposition apparatus includes, a biomass feeder (31) that feeds biomass material (11) under normal pressure to under increased pressure, a hydrothermal decomposition device (42A) that allows the fed biomass material (11) to be gradually moved inside a device main body (42A) from either end thereof in a consolidated condition, and also allows hot compressed water (15) to be fed from an other end of a feed section for the biomass material into the main body (42A), so as to cause the biomass material (11) and the hot compressed water (15) to countercurrently contact with each other and undergo hydrothermal decomposition, and that elutes a lignin component and a hemicellulose component into the hot compressed water, so as to separate the lignin component and the hemicellulose component from the biomass material (11); and a biomass discharger (51) that discharges, from the side where the hot compressed water is fed into the device main body, a biomass solid residue (17) under increased pressure to under normal pressure.
摘要:
A biomass processing system includes: a hydrolysis processing unit that decomposes, under a high-temperature/high-pressure condition, biomass feedstock in a processing tank having a gas-liquid interface, and removes a lignin component and a hemicellulose component; a biomass solid content discharge unit that discharges a biomass solid content 20 which is a hot water insoluble element; a slurrying vessel that subjects the discharged biomass solid content to slurrying; and a hot water discharge liquid introducing line L2 that introduces, into the slurrying vessel 21, a hot water discharge liquid 16 including a biomass hot-water soluble element.
摘要:
There is provided an apparatus for treating a biomass feedstock at a high temperature, including a cooling means for cooling a biomass treated liquid at a high temperature; an enzymatic saccharification tank for saccharifying a cooled treated liquid with an enzyme; a solid-liquid separation apparatus for removing water-slightly soluble substances contained in a saccharide solution taken out from the enzymatic saccharification tank and a foreign substance removing unit provided with a microfiltlation (MF) membrane; a dilution tank, disposed downstream of the foreign substance removing unit, for diluting the saccharide solution from which the water-slightly soluble substances are removed by adding water thereto; a water separation unit, provided with a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane, for removing water from the diluted saccharide solution so as to obtain concentrated saccharide solution.
摘要:
There is provided a one-step process for producing a dihydroxy-substituted coumarin dimer compound by a photodimerization reaction of a hydroxy-substituted coumarin compound. The process comprises subjecting a hydroxy-substituted coumarin compound to a photodimerization reaction in a solvent selected from aliphatic ketones having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic carboxylic acid esters having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic nitriles having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, ethers having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, amides having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and a mixture thereof to obtain a dihydroxy-substituted coumarin dimer compound.
摘要:
There is provided a method for preparing a β-SiAlON phosphor capable of be controlled to show characteristics such as high brightness and desired particle size distribution. The method for preparing a β-SiAlON phosphor represented by Formula: Si(6−x)AlxOyN(6−y):Lnz (wherein, Ln is a rare earth element, and the following requirements are satisfied: 0
摘要翻译:提供了一种制备能够被控制以显示诸如高亮度和期望的粒度分布等特性的“SiAlON”荧光体的方法。 制备由式:Si(6-x)Al x O y N(6-y):Lnz(其中,Ln是稀土元素)并且满足以下要求的由式(Si-x)Al x O y N(6-y)表示的SiAlON荧光体的方法:0