Ethernet Spanning Tree Provision
    1.
    发明申请
    Ethernet Spanning Tree Provision 审中-公开
    以太网生成树配置

    公开(公告)号:US20100165884A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-07-01

    申请号:US12595776

    申请日:2007-04-13

    IPC分类号: H04L12/28

    摘要: A method and apparatus for providing a Spanning Tree to nodes on an Ethernet network. A Spanning Tree topology is calculated, and a Resource Reservation Protocol Traffic Extension path message is generated. The path message contains at least a part of the Spanning Tree topology. The path message is sent to bridges on the Ethernet network. The bridge nodes that receive the path message configure their port states depending on the information contained in the path message, and may also configure port Virtual Local Area Network membership.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于向以太网上的节点提供生成树的方法和装置。 计算生成树拓扑,并生成资源预留协议流量扩展路径消息。 路径消息至少包含生成树拓扑的一部分。 路由消息发送到以太网上的网桥。 接收路径消息的网桥节点根据路径消息中包含的信息配置其端口状态,并且还可以配置端口虚拟局域网成员资格。

    Call admission control system and method for interpreting signaling messages and controlling traffic load in internet protocol differentiated services networks
    2.
    发明授权
    Call admission control system and method for interpreting signaling messages and controlling traffic load in internet protocol differentiated services networks 失效
    呼叫接纳控制系统和方法,用于解释信令消息并控制互联网协议差分服务网络中的流量负载

    公开(公告)号:US07660242B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-02-09

    申请号:US10595092

    申请日:2004-07-27

    IPC分类号: G08C15/00

    摘要: A call admission control system and method for Internet Protocol (IP) Differentiated Services (DiffServ) network having at least one node for interpreting signaling messages and controlling traffic load in the network. The method consists of an initialization (601) and a real-time phase (602). In initialization phase (601), coefficients of the approximating hyperplanes are computed (61) and stored (62). This phase is repeated when the descriptor of a traffic class changes (63), which usually happens when nodes are configured or reconfigured. A traffic mix is admissible (67), if for each real-time traffic class both the stability (65) and the delay (66) constraints are fulfilled. Stability is tested by evaluating the number of lost packets and comparing it to the tolerated packet loss ratio for each class in that queue. Delay constraint is tested by checking if the traffic mix is below at least one of the approximating hyperplanes in the space of number of sessions for each class.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于互联网协议(IP)差分服务(DiffServ)网络的呼叫接纳控制系统和方法,其具有用于解释信令消息和控制网络中的业务负载的至少一个节点。 该方法由初始化(601)和实时阶段(602)组成。 在初始化阶段(601)中,计算(61)并存储(62)近似超平面的系数。 当业务类的描述符改变(63)时,会重复此阶段,通常在配置或重新配置节点时发生。 如果对于每个实时交通类来说,流量混合是可接受的(67),则稳定性(65)和延迟(66)约束都得到满足。 通过评估丢失数据包的数量并将其与该队列中的每个类别的容忍丢包率进行比较来测试稳定性。 通过检查流量混合是否低于每个类的会话空间中的近似超平面中的至少一个来测试延迟约束。

    Method and Arrangement for Failure Handling in a Network
    3.
    发明申请
    Method and Arrangement for Failure Handling in a Network 有权
    网络中故障处理的方法和布置

    公开(公告)号:US20080291822A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-11-27

    申请号:US11916565

    申请日:2005-06-14

    IPC分类号: H04L12/24

    摘要: The invention relates to failure handling in a tree sructure network (NW1) that has edge nodes (EN1 . . . EN4) and switching nodes (SW1 . . . SW4) interconnected by lines (L1). VLANs (VLAN1-VLAN3) are established such that at least one thereof provides connectivity in case of any single failure in the network. The VLANs can be established by using spanning trees (ST1,ST2,ST3). Among the edge nodes, emitters (EN3) broadcast alive messages (A1,A2,A3) regularly on the VLANs and notifiers (EN2) note the alive messages. A missing alive message indicates a failure (CD1) on one VLAN (VLAN2) and the notifier (EN2) broadcasts corresponding failure messages (F1,F2,F3) on the VLANs. When all the alive messages (A1,A2,A3) appear again the notifier (EN2) broadcasts corresponding repair messages (R1,R2,R3). If the notifiers don't note a failure the nodes (EN1,EN4) with no special role performs a similar function as the notifier (EN2) somewhat slower. The failure handling is fast, robust, uses few messages, increases only slightly the traffic load in the network (NW1) and is compliant with present standards.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及具有通过线路(L1)互连的边缘节点(EN1 ... EN4)和交换节点(SW1 ... SW4)的树结构网络(NW1)中的故障处理。 建立VLAN(VLAN1-VLAN3),使得其中的至少一个在网络中的任何单个故障的情况下提供连接性。 VLAN可以通过生成树(ST1,ST2,ST3)建立。 在边缘节点中,发射器(EN3)定期在VLAN和通知器(EN2)上广播有效消息(A1,A2,A3),注意活动消息。 丢失的活着消息表示一个VLAN(VLAN2)发生故障(CD1),通知器(EN2)广播VLAN上相应的故障消息(F1,F2,F3)。 当所有活动消息(A1,A2,A3)再次出现时,通知器(EN2)广播相应的修复消息(R1,R2,R3)。 如果通知程序不记录故障,则没有特殊角色的节点(EN1,EN4)执行与通知程序(EN2)类似的功能稍慢。 故障处理快速,稳健,使用少量消息,仅增加网络流量负载(NW1),符合现行标准。

    Call admission control system and method for interpreting signaling messages and controlling traffic load in internet protocol differentiated services networks
    4.
    发明申请
    Call admission control system and method for interpreting signaling messages and controlling traffic load in internet protocol differentiated services networks 失效
    呼叫接纳控制系统和方法,用于解释信令消息并控制互联网协议差分服务网络中的流量负载

    公开(公告)号:US20060198304A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-09-07

    申请号:US10595092

    申请日:2004-07-27

    IPC分类号: H04L12/26 H04L12/54

    摘要: A call admission control system and method for Internet Protocol (IP) Differentiated Services (DiffServ) network having at least one node for interpreting signaling messages and controlling traffic load in the network. The method consists of an initialization (601) and a real-time phase (602). In initialization phase (601), coefficients of the approximating hyperplanes are computed (61) and stored (62). This phase is repeated when the descriptor of a traffic class changes (63), which usually happens when nodes are configured or reconfigured. A traffic mix is admissible (67), if for each real-time traffic class both the stability (65) and the delay (66) constraints are fulfilled. Stability is tested by evaluating the number of lost packets and comparing it to the tolerated packet loss ratio for each class in that queue. Delay constraint is tested by checking if the traffic mix is below at least one of the approximating hyperplanes in the space of number of sessions for each class.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于互联网协议(IP)差分服务(DiffServ)网络的呼叫接纳控制系统和方法,其具有用于解释信令消息和控制网络中的业务负载的至少一个节点。 该方法由初始化(601)和实时阶段(602)组成。 在初始化阶段(601)中,计算(61)并存储(62)近似超平面的系数。 当业务类的描述符改变(63)时,会重复此阶段,通常在配置或重新配置节点时发生。 如果对于每个实时交通类来说,流量混合是可接受的(67),则稳定性(65)和延迟(66)约束都得到满足。 通过评估丢失数据包的数量并将其与该队列中的每个类别的容忍丢包率进行比较来测试稳定性。 通过检查流量混合是否低于每个类的会话空间中的近似超平面中的至少一个来测试延迟约束。

    Apparatus for cleaning of circuit substrates
    5.
    发明授权
    Apparatus for cleaning of circuit substrates 有权
    电路基板清洗装置

    公开(公告)号:US08752228B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-06-17

    申请号:US11912126

    申请日:2005-04-20

    IPC分类号: H01L21/00

    CPC分类号: H01L21/67046

    摘要: Silicon wafers and the like are cleaned using new scrubber-type apparatus in which measures are taken to compensate for differential cleaning of the central region of the wafer by: using rotary brushes having one or more non-contact portions arranged in the section thereof that faces the central region of the substrate, or toggling the relative position of the wafer and the rotary brushes, or directing cleaning fluid(s) preferentially towards the central region of the wafer. Another aspect of the invention provides scrubber-type cleaning apparatus in which the rotary brushes are replaced by rollers (110). A web of cleaning material (116) is interposed between each roller and the substrate. Various different webs of cleaning material may be used, e.g. a length of tissue, a continuous loop of cleaning material whose surface is reconditioned on each cleaning pass, adhesive material provided on a carrier tape, etc.

    摘要翻译: 使用新的洗涤器型装置清洁硅晶片等,其中采取措施来补偿晶片的中心区域的差别清洁:使用具有一个或多个非接触部分的旋转电刷, 或者切换晶片和旋转刷的相对位置,或者将清洁流体优先地引向晶片的中心区域。 本发明的另一方面提供了一种洗涤器型清洁装置,其中旋转刷由辊(110)代替。 清洁材料网(116)插入在每个辊和基底之间。 可以使用各种不同的清洁材料网,例如。 组织长度,每个清洁通道上表面被修复的清洁材料的连续回路,设置在载带上的粘合材料等。

    Semiconductor device including a coupled dielectric layer and metal layer, method of fabrication thereof, and material for coupling a dielectric layer and a metal layer in a semiconductor device
    6.
    发明授权
    Semiconductor device including a coupled dielectric layer and metal layer, method of fabrication thereof, and material for coupling a dielectric layer and a metal layer in a semiconductor device 有权
    包括耦合电介质层和金属层的半导体器件,其制造方法以及用于在半导体器件中耦合电介质层和金属层的材料

    公开(公告)号:US07691756B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-04-06

    申请号:US12065179

    申请日:2006-09-01

    IPC分类号: H01L21/31 H01L23/58

    摘要: A passivating coupling material for, on the one hand, passivating a dielectric layer in a semiconductor device, and on the other hand, for permitting or at least promoting liquid phase metal deposition thereon in a subsequent process step. In a particular example, the dielectric layer may be a porous material having a desirably decreased dielectric constant k, and the passivating coupling material provides steric shielding groups that substantially block the adsorption and uptake of ambient moisture into the porous dielectric layer. The passivating coupling materials also provides metal nucleation sides for promoting the deposition of a metal thereon in liquid phase, in comparison with metal deposition without the presence of the passivating coupling material. The use of a liquid phase metal deposition process facilitates the subsequent manufacture of the semiconductor device. In one example, the passivating coupling material has multiple Si atoms in its chemical composition, which desirably increases the thermal stability of the material.

    摘要翻译: 一种钝化耦合材料,一方面使半导体器件中的电介质层钝化,另一方面,用于在随后的工艺步骤中允许或至少促进液相金属沉积。 在具体实例中,电介质层可以是具有理想的降低介电常数k的多孔材料,并且钝化耦合材料提供空间屏蔽基团,其基本上阻止环境水分吸附和吸收到多孔介电层中。 与金属沉积相比,钝化耦合材料还提供金属成核侧,用于促进金属沉积在液相中,而不存在钝化偶联材料。 使用液相金属沉积工艺有助于随后的半导体器件的制造。 在一个实例中,钝化偶联材料在其化学组成中具有多个Si原子,这有利地增加了材料的热稳定性。

    Promotion of a wine industry
    7.
    发明申请
    Promotion of a wine industry 审中-公开
    推广葡萄酒产业

    公开(公告)号:US20090094098A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-04-09

    申请号:US11906980

    申请日:2007-10-04

    申请人: Janos Farkas

    发明人: Janos Farkas

    IPC分类号: G06Q30/00

    摘要: Disclosed herein is a method and system for promoting a first wine industry of a first geographical location utilizing a plurality of advertising media. In a first embodiment, the plurality of advertising mediums is selected for promoting the first wine industry. The disclosed method links information of contribution of the first wine industry to a second wine industry. The information is publicized in a plurality of locations. In a second embodiment, the first wine industry is promoted utilizing a web portal. The web portal comprises a first set of information of the first wine industry and a second set of information of the second wine industry. The web portal establishes a virtual link between the first set of information and the second set of information. Further, revenue may be generated through the advertising mediums and targeted advertising.

    摘要翻译: 本文公开了一种利用多种广告媒体促进第一地理位置的第一葡萄酒业的方法和系统。 在第一实施例中,多个广告媒体被选择用于促进第一葡萄酒行业。 所公开的方法将第一葡萄酒行业的贡献信息与第二葡萄酒行业相关联。 该信息在多个位置公开。 在第二实施例中,利用门户网站来推广第一葡萄酒行业。 该门户网站包括第一葡萄酒行业的第一组信息和第二葡萄酒行业的第二组信息。 网络门户在第一组信息和第二组信息之间建立虚拟链路。 此外,可以通过广告媒介和有针对性的广告来产生收入。

    CMP metal polishing slurry and process with reduced solids concentration
    8.
    发明授权
    CMP metal polishing slurry and process with reduced solids concentration 失效
    CMP金属抛光浆料和固体浓度降低的工艺

    公开(公告)号:US07456105B1

    公开(公告)日:2008-11-25

    申请号:US10321973

    申请日:2002-12-17

    IPC分类号: H01L21/302 H01L21/461

    CPC分类号: H01L21/3212 C09G1/02

    摘要: This disclosure describes a low particle concentration formulation for slurry which is particularly useful in continuous CMP polishing of copper layers during semiconductor wafer manufacture. The slurry is characterized by particle concentrations generally less than 2 wt %, and advantageously less than 1 wt %. In particular embodiments, where the particle concentration is in a range of 50 to 450 PPM, an 8-fold increase in polishing rate over reactive liquid slurries has been realized. Slurries thus formulated also achieve a reduction in defectivity and in the variations in planarity from wafer to wafer during manufacture, by improving the stability of polishing quality. The slurry formulations permit substantial cost savings over traditional 2-component, reactive liquid and fixed/bonded abrasive slurries. In addition the formulations provides an advantageous way during CMP to easily change the selectivity or rate of removal of one film material vs. another. Yet another use is to provide slurry “pulsing” as a means to activate bonded abrasive or fixed abrasive slurry technology.

    摘要翻译: 本公开内容描述了用于浆料的低颗粒浓度配方,其特别适用于半导体晶片制造过程中铜层的连续CMP抛光。 浆料的特征在于颗粒浓度通常小于2重量%,有利地小于1重量%。 在特定实施方案中,其中颗粒浓度在50至450PPM的范围内,抛光速率比反应性液体浆料高8倍。 因此,通过提高抛光质量的稳定性,由此制成的浆料也可以在制造过程中实现缺陷率的降低和从晶片到晶片的平面度的变化。 与传统的2组分反应性液体和固定/粘结的磨料浆料相比,浆料配方可节省大量成本。 此外,制剂在CMP期间提供有利的方式以容易地改变一种膜材料相对于另一种膜材料的选择性或速率。 另一种用途是提供浆料“脉冲”作为活化粘合磨料或固定磨料浆料技术的手段。

    Method and device for audience monitoring on multicast capable networks
    9.
    发明申请
    Method and device for audience monitoring on multicast capable networks 审中-公开
    用于组播能力网络的观众监控的方法和设备

    公开(公告)号:US20060294259A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-12-28

    申请号:US10595346

    申请日:2003-10-24

    IPC分类号: G06F15/16

    摘要: The presented idea is a cheap solution for audience monitoring in multicast capable networks e.g. Ethernet, IP or UMTS. There is no need for user equipment in order to monitor the viewers' watching behavior. The measurement is done in the operator's network; therefore, there is no need to contact the end user. The idea can be applied in systems comprising multicast capable network contention server, network devices and user equipment. The content is carried in data packets to the end user. The network devices are remote manageable. The user can choose between several contents. The aim is to measure the user statistics regarding the chosen content. According to the invention it is enough to place a measurement host with our proposed software block in the network, which collects data from the network devices in the edge of the network periodically in order to make a content access survey.

    摘要翻译: 所提出的想法是用于在具有多播能力的网络中的观众监视的廉价解决方案。 以太网,IP或UMTS。 为了监视观众的观看行为,不需要用户设备。 测量在操作员网络中完成; 因此,无需与最终用户联系。 该思想可以应用于包括多播能力的网络争用服务器,网络设备和用户设备的系统中。 内容以数据包传送给最终用户。 网络设备可远程管理。 用户可以选择多个内容。 目的是衡量有关所选内容的用户统计信息。 根据本发明,将测量主机与我们提出的软件块放置在网络中,从而周期性地从网络边缘的网络设备收集数据,以进行内容访问调查。