Abstract:
Embodiments describe a battery system that includes a first battery module coupled to a regenerative braking system and a control module that controls operation of the battery system by: determining a predicted driving pattern over a prediction horizon using a driving pattern recognition model based in part on a battery current and a previous driving pattern; determining a predicted battery resistance of the first battery module over the prediction horizon using a recursive battery model based in part on the predicted driving pattern, the battery current, a present bus voltage, and a previous bus voltage; determining a target trajectory of a battery temperature of the first battery module over a control horizon using an objective function; and controlling magnitude and duration of electrical power supplied from the regenerative such that a predicted trajectory of the battery temperature is guided toward the target trajectory of the battery temperature during the control horizon.
Abstract:
The present disclosure includes a battery module with a housing having first and second ends and first and second lateral sides between the first and second ends. The battery module includes prismatic electrochemical cells and a cooling duct having first and second segments. A first body of the first segment extends along the first lateral side of the housing and includes a first opening to environment. A second body of the second segment extends along the second lateral side of the housing and includes a second opening to the environment. The first and second openings are proximate to the second end of the housing. The battery module includes a fan disposed on the first end of the housing. The fan is fluidly coupled to the cooling duct and provides airflow through the first and second openings and along the first and second bodies.
Abstract:
A lithium ion (Li-ion) battery cell includes a housing. The housing includes side walls coupled to and extending from a first portion of the housing to form an opening in the housing opposite the first portion of the housing. The housing includes an electrically nonconductive polymeric (e.g., plastic) material. An electrochemical cell element is disposed in the housing and immersed in electrolyte that is also disposed in the housing. The Li-ion battery cell also includes a cover including an electrically nonconductive polymeric material. The cover is disposed over the opening in the housing and sealed to the housing via a seal. The seal is configured to resist or prevent ingress of moisture into the housing and to resist or prevent egress of the electrolyte from the housing.
Abstract:
A lithium ion (Li-ion) battery cell includes a prismatic housing that includes four sides formed by side walls coupled to and extending from a bottom portion of the housing. The housing is configured to receive and hold a prismatic Li-ion electrochemical cell element. The housing includes an electrically nonconductive polymeric (e.g., plastic) material. Additionally, a heat sink is overmolded by the polymeric material of the housing, such that the heat sink is retained in an outer portion of the sides of the housing and the heat sink is exposed along the bottom portion of the housing.
Abstract:
The present disclosure includes a battery module with a housing having first and second ends and first and second lateral sides between the first and second ends. The battery module includes prismatic electrochemical cells and a cooling duct having first and second segments. A first body of the first segment extends along the first lateral side of the housing and includes a first opening to environment. A second body of the second segment extends along the second lateral side of the housing and includes a second opening to the environment. The first and second openings are proximate to the second end of the housing. The battery module includes a fan disposed on the first end of the housing. The fan is fluidly coupled to the cooling duct and provides airflow through the first and second openings and along the first and second bodies.
Abstract:
The present disclosure includes a battery module having a housing configured to receive one or more electrochemical cells. The housing includes a bottom internal surface and a recessed portion disposed in the bottom internal surface and proximate to a low point on the bottom internal surface, wherein the recessed portion defines an airspace configured to retain fluid within the housing away from the one or more electrochemical cells.
Abstract:
The present disclosure relates to thermal management in battery cells and battery modules. A thermal assembly for a battery cell includes a battery cell having a battery cell packaging and a thermal pouch formed from a continuous carbon-based thermal film. The thermal pouch is configured to contact both the battery cell packaging and one or more thermal management features of a battery module with a first side of the carbon-based thermal film. Accordingly, the first side of the carbon-based thermal film is configured to provide uninterrupted thermal pathways along the first side of the carbon-based thermal film between the battery cell packaging and the one or more thermal management features of the battery module.
Abstract:
A lithium ion (Li-ion) battery module includes a container with one or more partitions that define compartments within the container. Each of the compartments is configured to receive and hold a prismatic Li-ion electrochemical cell element and electrolyte. The Li-ion battery module also includes a cover configured to be disposed over the container to close the compartments. The container includes an electrically nonconductive polymeric material (e.g., plastic) with a nanomaterial applied to the polymeric material. The nanomaterial enhances the impermeability of the container to reduce ingress of moisture into the compartments and to reduce egress of the electrolyte from the compartments.
Abstract:
The present disclosure includes a battery system with a battery module having electrochemical cells inside of a housing. The housing includes a first side and a second side opposite to the first side. The battery module includes a heat sink coupled with the second side of the housing and a thermal interface disposed between, and in contact with, the heat sink and the electrochemical cells. The thermal interface contacts base ends of the electrochemical cells. The system includes a cage disposed about the battery module. The cage includes a cage side positioned next to the second side of the housing and having openings disposed in the cage side. The openings enable air to be drawn into the cage. The air passes over the heat sink of the battery module.
Abstract:
Embodiments describe a battery system that includes a first battery module coupled to a regenerative braking system and a control module that controls operation of the battery system by: determining a predicted driving pattern over a prediction horizon using a driving pattern recognition model based in part on a battery current and a previous driving pattern; determining a predicted battery resistance of the first battery module over the prediction horizon using a recursive battery model based in part on the predicted driving pattern, the battery current, a present bus voltage, and a previous bus voltage; determining a target trajectory of a battery temperature of the first battery module over a control horizon using an objective function; and controlling magnitude and duration of electrical power supplied from the regenerative such that a predicted trajectory of the battery temperature is guided toward the target trajectory of the battery temperature during the control horizon.