摘要:
A reaction system for forming a viscoelastic polyurethane foam includes an isocyanate component and an isocyanate-reactive component that includes at least a polyol component, an additive component, and a preformed aqueous polymer dispersant. The mixture includes 50.0 wt % to 99.8 wt % of the polyol component, 0.1 wt % to 49.9 wt % of the additive component, and 0.1 wt % to 6.0 wt % of the preformed aqueous polymer dispersant. The aqueous polymer dispersant has a pH from 6.0 to 12.0 and includes from 5 wt % to 60 wt % of a polymeric component and from 40 wt % to 95 wt % of a fluid medium. The polymeric component includes at least one base polymer derived from 20 wt % to 100 wt % of at least one hydrophilic acid monomer having at least one carbonyl group, phosphate group, phosphonate group, or sulfonyl group, and optionally derived from at least one hydrophobic terminally unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer.
摘要:
The present invention pertains to an improved method of oxidizing substituted aromatic compounds (such as p xylene) to their corresponding aromatic acids (such as terephthalic acid). The improvement involves carrying out the oxidation reaction in an aqueous medium, wherein the aqueous medium contains at least 30 percent water, preferably up to 30 percent surfactant and preferably a low molecular weight material containing a hydrophilic end group as a co-surfactant. The reaction is carried out at a pH of less than 3.0.
摘要:
A water-soluble polymer having a low polydispersity index and controlled molecular weight can be prepared by oxidative degradation and shearing of a water-swellable crosslinked polymer or by hydrolysis of the crosslinked polymer to a high molecular weight soluble polymer, followed by oxidative degradation of the high molecular weight polymer.
摘要:
Prepare a polymeric foam article having a thermoplastic polymer matrix defining multiple cells therein, wherein the polymeric foam article has the following characteristics: (a) the thermoplastic polymer matrix contains dispersed within it nano-sized nucleating additive particles that have at least two orthogonal dimensions that are less than 30 nanometers in length; (b) possesses at least one of the following two characteristics: (i) has an effective nucleation site density of at least 3×1014 sites per cubic centimeter of pre-foamed material; and (ii) has an average cell size of 300 nanometers or less; and (c) has a porosity percentage of more than 50 percent by rapidly expanding at a foaming temperature a foamable polymer composition containing the nucleating additive and a blowing agent containing at least one of carbon dioxide, nitrogen and argon.
摘要:
Prepare an article of manufacture by providing a latex of hollow latex particles with a rigid inner shell and adhesive outer shell, providing nanoporous particles and dispersing them into the latex and drying the latex so as to cause the hollow latex particle to bind to one another and form an article of manufacture containing nanoporous particles and hollow latex particles wherein the hollow latex particles are bound directly to one another to form a continuous matrix and the nanoporous particles are dispersed within the continuous matrix of hollow latex particles.
摘要:
Various aspects disclosed herein disclose mesocapsules that include active ingredients such as agriculturally active ingredients including various fungicides, insecticides, miticides, herbicides, safeners and modifiers of plant physiology or structure. These mesocapsules are comprised of a polyurea shell and include hydrophilic groups on their surfaces. These mesocapsules have a volume-average diameter of about 500 nm or less and some of them have a volume-average diameter on the order of about 300 nm or less. These mesocapsules are especially well suited for delivering active ingredients that are not very soluble in water, many of these compounds have solubility values in the range of 1,000 ppm or less. Methods for making these mesocapsules include interfacial polycondensation reactions carried out in the presence of surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate and another method in which all or most of the surfactant is replaced by adding amino acids to the aqueous phase of the interfacial reaction mixture before forming the final emulsion.
摘要:
Prepare an article of manufacture by providing a latex of hollow latex particles with a rigid inner shell and adhesive outer shell, providing nanoporous particles and dispersing them into the latex and drying the latex so as to cause the hollow latex particle to bind to one another and form an article of manufacture containing nanoporous particles and hollow latex particles wherein the hollow latex particles are bound directly to one another to form a continuous matrix and the nanoporous particles are dispersed within the continuous matrix of hollow latex particles.
摘要:
The present disclosure relates to pesticide compositions consisting of meso-sized particles in combination with certain adjuvants such as built-in adjuvants which are added directly to the formulation or to an aqueous dilution of the formulation such as tank-mix adjuvants, to provide enhanced effectiveness for the control of agricultural pests. Mesoparticle compositions containing such adjuvants have been found to provide improved effectiveness compared to mesoparticle compositions not containing such adjuvants or to conventional formulations.
摘要:
A chemical mechanical polishing composition useful for chemical mechanical polishing a semiconductor wafer containing an interconnect metal is provided, comprising, as initial components: water; an azole inhibitor; an alkali metal organic surfactant; a hydrotrope; a phosphorus containing agent; a water soluble cellulose; optionally, a non-saccharide water soluble polymer; optionally, a water soluble acid compound of formula I, wherein R is selected from a hydrogen and a C1-5 alkyl group, and wherein x is 1 or 2; optionally, a complexing agent; optionally, an oxidizer; optionally, an organic solvent; and, optionally, an abrasive. Also, provided is a method of preparing a chemical mechanical polishing composition of the present invention and a method for chemical mechanical polishing of a substrate, comprising: providing a substrate, wherein the substrate is a semiconductor wafer having copper interconnects; providing a chemical mechanical polishing composition of the present invention; providing a chemical mechanical polishing pad; creating dynamic contact at an interface between the chemical mechanical polishing pad and the substrate with a down force of 0.69 to 34.5 kPa; and, dispensing the chemical mechanical polishing composition onto the chemical mechanical polishing pad at or near the interface between the chemical mechanical polishing pad and the substrate; wherein the chemical mechanical polishing composition exhibits a pH adjusted to a pH of 2 to 6 through the addition of at least one of phosphoric acid, magnesium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide.
摘要:
The disclosure provides for a small scale functional material, where the small scale functional material is imbibed with a material having a functionality response to an externally applied field.