摘要:
A reflection type diffraction grating according to the present invention has a structure in which a metal film as a first layer with reflectance not lower than 30% with respect to the wavelength of incident light and a transparent dielectric film as a second layer are laminated successively on the surface of the reflection type diffraction grating. With respect to the wavelength of incident light, the metal film has a refractive index selected to be not higher than 1.5 and an extinction coefficient selected to be not smaller than 6.0. The transparent dielectric film has a refractive index selected to be in a range of from 1.30 to 1.46, both inclusively, with respect to the wavelength of incident light and has an optical film thickness selected to be in a range of from 0.20λ to 0.38λ, both inclusively, when λ is the wavelength of incident light.
摘要:
A waveguide type liquid-crystal optical switch including: an optical waveguide having a pair of first and second cores close to each other for switching an optical path between the pair of first and second cores; a third core made of nematic liquid crystal enclosed in between a pair of oriented films and oriented in a predetermined direction by the pair of oriented films, the third core being disposed in any one of a space covering the first and second cores in parallel with a plane containing optical axes of the first and second cores, a space sandwiched between the first and second cores and a space covering upper surfaces of the first and second cores so as to be laid over the first and second cores; a first electrode disposed on a surface of the third core opposite to the first and second cores so as to cover a gap portion between the first and second cores; second and third electrodes disposed as a pair, between which electrodes the first electrode is put, the second and third electrodes provided for orienting liquid crystal molecules in a direction perpendicular to the direction of orientation of the oriented films; and a clad for collectively surrounding the first, second and third cores and the first, second and third electrodes.
摘要:
In the present invention, through the provision of a tray placing rack for storing trays in multi steps, the trays accommodating electronic parts after inspection are received in the racks and through the provision of a tray stacking rack above the tray placing rack, an empty tray emptied by having been inspected of the electronic parts before inspection at an inspection stage is stacked on the tray stacking rack. When a certain tray is filled with electronic parts after inspection and is discharged, an empty ray is taken out from the tray stacking rack and the empty tray is fed to the rack position of the discharged tray to permit re-use of empty trays
摘要:
An information processing apparatus includes an area environment load calculation module, a user environment load calculation module, a user improvement environment load calculation module, a comparison module and an output module. The area environment load calculation module calculates an environment load in an area in a room. The user environment load calculation module calculates an environment load of each user staying in the area based on the environment load calculated by the area environment load calculation module. The user improvement environment load calculation module calculates, based on a policy set in advance, an environment load of each user when the policy is adopted. The comparison module compares the environment load calculated by the user environment load calculation module with the environment load calculated by the user improvement environment load calculation module. The output module outputs the policy based on the number of users.
摘要:
A process for forming a thin oxide film on an underlying surface adapted for film formation thereon according to a radio frequency magnetron sputtering method using an oxide target(s). The excitation frequency is a frequency which is higher than 13.56 MHz and which provides a negative target self-bias voltage permitting of film formation.
摘要:
An information processing apparatus includes: a storage that stores document information; an image formation processor that receives an instruction to form an image corresponding to target document information selected from the document information stored in the storage, and that performs an image formation processing with respect to the target document information; a recording unit that records first information, which indicates that the image formation processing is performed, and associates the first information with the target document information; and a controller that controls, in a case where a request for processing with respect to the document information associated with the first information is received, to restrict the requested processing.
摘要:
A process for forming a thin oxide film on an underlying surface adapted for film formation thereon according to a radio frequency magnetron sputtering method using an oxide target(s). The excitation frequency is higher than 13.56 MHz and provides a lower negative target self-bias voltage permitting improved film formation.
摘要:
Presented is a polarizing element that absorbs a component of a specific wavelength from electromagnetic waves passing therethrough and thus produces polarized light. The polarizing element includes a transparent substrate that has a plurality of first recesses formed in a surface of the transparent substrate. The first recesses extend parallel to one another with a predetermined spacing therebetween in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the transparent substrate. The polarizing elements further include thin-film-shaped conductive bodies formed on side surfaces of the first recesses.
摘要:
A polarizing element 20 has a first undulating structure in which a plurality of linear first recesses 22 are formed parallel to one another in one surface of a transparent substrate 21, and a dielectric layer 30 made from silicon dioxide is formed on the surface of the first undulating structure to produce a second undulating structure. The second undulating structure has formed therein second recesses 32 having a width W and a depth H, with second projections 33 having a width d intervening between adjacent second recesses 32. A thin-film-shaped conductive body 13 of width W and depth H is embedded in each of the second recesses 32.
摘要:
The invention provides a waveguide type liquid crystal optical switch that includes first and second cores so as to form a space therebetween, in which an optical path is switched between the first and second cores; a third core provided apart from the first and second cores, into which nematic liquid crystal orientated by an orientation film along a predetermined direction is filled, the third core overlapping to the space formed between the first and second cores; a first electrode arranged on an opposite side of the first and second cores with respect to the third core so as to overlap to the space between the first and second cores, second and third electrodes arranged on both sides of the first electrode, for orienting liquid crystal molecules along a direction perpendicular to the orientation direction of the orientation film; and a cladding for incorporating the cores and the electrodes.