摘要:
A piezoelectric transducer having electrodes formed on both surfaces has a piezoelectric base molded as a curved plate which can converge sound fields of acoustic waves at an arbitrary point and which can reduce noise or reverberation in a lateral direction which otherwise occur due to unnecessary vibration. At least one of the electrodes is divided concentrically. A material having a small electromechanical coupling factor K.sub.p in the lateral direction is used for the piezoelectric material, preferably porous PZT.
摘要:
A piezoelectric transducer having plural piezoelectric transducer elements which can generate mechanical vibrations converging substantially on one point. The transducer is formed to control the convergent point by insulating piezoelectric transducer elements mechanically, arranging them concentrically and driving them independently and separately from each other.
摘要:
An optical switch for use as a shutter for intercepting or passing light signals, such as beam lights, including a piezoelectric actuator attached at one end thereof to a base plate and at its other end to an optical shielding object for intercepting or passing over light beams, a mirror installed on a location close to the place where the piezoelectric actuator is attached to the base plate to reflect passed light beams, and the piezoelectric actuator being coupled to a source of energy. The light signals are intercepted or passed by the movement of the object due to modifications of the piezoelectric actuator, and the passed light signals are reflected by the mirror and detected by an optical detector.
摘要:
A photo-driven optical deflecting apparatus in which a light beam is deflected by using only light beam(s), comprising (a) a dielectric substrate having "photovoltaic effect"; (b) one or more first couples of electrodes formed in or on at least a portion of the surface(s) of said substrate so as to polarize the portion(s) positioned between said couple(s) of the electrodes formed thereby; (c) one or more photo-driving or photo-receiving elements provided at least in the polarized portion(s) of the surface of said dielectric substrate, having a polarization direction oriented in one direction, and having photovoltaic effect so as to generate a voltage between said electrodes; (d) a dielectric and transparent prism having "electrooptic effect" through which a light beam to be deflected is passed and deflected, provided on the surface of said substrate, having a second couple of electrodes provided on a couple of the surfaces of the prism, which surfaces are parallel to the optic axis; and a polarizer provided on the surface through which said beam enters; (d) leads electrically connecting said first electrodes to said second electrodes; the light beam to be deflected enters through said polarizer into said prism through which the light beam passes to be deflected; and said prism being operated directly by the photovoltage generated by said photo-driving element(s).
摘要:
An optical scanner for scanning light signals, such as light beams, including an electrostrictive element attached at one end thereof to a base body, a convex mirror fixed to the other end of the electrostrictive element, a driving circuit for changing a voltage applied to the electrostrictive element, and an emitter for emitting a light beam to the surface of the convex mirror in a direction different from the modified direction of the electrostrictive element. When the applied voltage to the electrostrictive element changes by the driving circuit during reflecting light beams on the convex mirror surface, the electrostrictive element is modified according to the applied voltage. Simultaneously light beams are scanned over a wide range, even if the modified volume is small, due to continuous change of deflection angles of beams according to the radius of the curvature of the convex mirror.
摘要:
If arc interruption occurs during AC arc welding, a first AC frequency predetermined for normal welding is switched to a second AC frequency higher than the first AC frequency. This allows the arc to be reignited without applying a high frequency high voltage, thereby preventing the damage of the surface of the weld bead or communication failure due to the high frequency high voltage.
摘要:
According to one embodiment, a process unit includes a process section present around an image bearing member, attached and detached to and from a body, including a rotating section, and configured to apply an image forming process to the image bearing member, a moving section present on a shaft of the rotating section and configured to slide to a first position close to the rotating section and a second position away from the rotating section, and a positioning section present between the rotating section and the moving section and configured to move following the rotating section and hold the moving section in the first position and the second position.
摘要:
It is an object of the present invention to provide a lead-free piezoelectric film including a lead-free ferroelectric material and having low dielectric loss and high piezoelectric performance comparable to that of PZT, and a method of manufacturing the lead-free piezoelectric film.The present invention is directed to a piezoelectric film comprising a (NaxBiy)TiO0.5x+1.5y+2−BaTiO3 layer with a (110) orientation, where 0.30≦x≦0. 46 and 0.51≦y≦0.62.
摘要:
The purpose of the present invention is to provide an angular velocity sensor capable of measuring an exact angular velocity, an ink jet head capable of producing an exact amount of ink, and a piezoelectric generating element capable of generating electric power due to positive piezoelectric effect.In the present invention, a piezoelectric film comprising a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode is used. The first electrode comprises an electrode layer having a (001) orientation. The piezoelectric layer comprises a (NaxBiy)TiO0.5x+1.5y+2—BaTiO3 layer (0.30≦x≦0.46 and 0.51≦y≦0.62) having a (001) orientation.
摘要:
A toner cartridge includes a toner receptacle that houses toner, a plurality of stirring members housed in the toner receptacle, a plurality of gears meshing with each other on outside of the toner receptacle, and a phase display section. The stirring members are arranged next to each other in the toner receptacle and rotate to stir the toner. Each of the stirring members has a scraper that scrapes off the toner adhering to an inner surface of the toner receptacle. The gears rotate to rotate the stirring members in an interlocked manner with each other. The phase display section shows a meshing position of the gears so that the gears mesh with each other at a position where a phase difference along a rotating direction of the stirring members occurs between the scrapers of the stirring members that are next to each other.