摘要:
A start-up method of a steam turbine plant including a condenser is disclosed. The condenser includes a tube bundle composed of a number of pipes for condensing an exhaust steam from a steam turbine and a hot well for receiving and storing a condensate therein. The interior of the condenser is airtightly divided into two spaces with a partition therebetween, one of them being an upper space containing the tube bundle and the other one being a lower space containing the hot well. A communication passageway(s) extends between the upper space and the lower space with an isolation valve in the form of a butterfly valve disposed on the communication passageway. At the shut-down of the steam turbine plant, the isolation valve is closed to isolate the upper space from the lower space while the lower space is maintained in vacuum. At the start-up of the steam turbine plant, the isolation valve is opened after the upper space is evacuated, and the upper space is then communicated with the lower space which is maintained still in vacuum.
摘要:
Disclosed is a battery-charging method and apparatus which is designed to improve charging efficiency during charging of a battery using an external power source, without increasing the number of components. The battery-charging method of the present invention comprises the steps of: forming an electric circuit which includes: an alternating-current generator operable to output alternating current, and an external power source; a diode rectifier operable to rectify the alternating current output from the alternating-current generator into a direct current by a diode; and a battery which is chargeable using an output of the alternating-current generator, which are serially connected in this order; and supplying an alternating current fed from the external power source, between the alternating-current generator and the diode rectifier (S4, S1, S5).
摘要:
A hybrid electric vehicle includes, in one example, a motor-generator driven by an engine to generate alternating current, wherein the motor-generator is further configured to start the engine, a motor for driving the vehicle, a diode rectifier to rectify alternating current generated by the motor-generator, an inverter connected to a feed circuit between the diode rectifier and the motor to convert direct current in the feed circuit into alternating current, a power supply connected to a line connecting the diode rectifier with the inverter, a first feed circuit to supply current to the motor to drive the vehicle through the diode rectifier and the inverter in series a second feed circuit to connect the motor-generator with the power supply while bypassing at least the diode rectifier, and an alternating current converter provided in the second feed circuit.
摘要:
A control system and method for a hybrid electric vehicle. One example control system includes a current calculating module to calculate a current, the current being at least one of a current to drive a motor of the vehicle and a current generated by the motor, and a feed controller to selectively implement a first mode when the calculated current is below a predetermined current value and to selectively implement a second mode when the calculated current is more than the predetermined current value, wherein either the first feed circuit or the second feed circuit is used in the first mode and both the first feed circuit and the second feed circuit are used in the second mode.
摘要:
A control system and method for a hybrid electric vehicle. One example control system includes a current calculating module to calculate a current, the current being at least one of a current to drive a motor of the vehicle and a current generated by the motor, and a feed controller to selectively implement a first mode when the calculated current is below a predetermined current value and to selectively implement a second mode when the calculated current is more than the predetermined current value, wherein either the first feed circuit or the second feed circuit is used in the first mode and both the first feed circuit and the second feed circuit are used in the second mode.
摘要:
The liquid crystal apparatus has a segment substrate and a common substrate. Segment electrodes are formed on the segment substrate, while common electrodes are formed on the common substrate. A liquid crystal composition is sealed between the segment and common substrates with a seal member. The segment and common electrodes, the liquid crystal composition and the seal member constitute an elongated shatter portion including light shutters arranged in two rows. Liquid crystal reservoir portions are formed between the substrates and coupled to the shutter portion. The liquid crystal reservoir portions are resilient and thus can be deformed to suppress a change in the pressure applied on the liquid crystal composition due to a change in the volume of the liquid crystal composition. As a result, the formation of bubbles in the shutter portion can be prevented.
摘要:
A hybrid electric vehicle includes, in one example, a motor-generator driven by an engine to generate alternating current, wherein the motor-generator is further configured to start the engine, a motor for driving the vehicle, a diode rectifier to rectify alternating current generated by the motor-generator, an inverter connected to a feed circuit between the diode rectifier and the motor to convert direct current in the feed circuit into alternating current, a power supply connected to a line connecting the diode rectifier with the inverter, a first feed circuit to supply current to the motor to drive the vehicle through the diode rectifier and the inverter in series a second feed circuit to connect the motor-generator with the power supply while bypassing at least the diode rectifier, and an alternating current converter provided in the second feed circuit.