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公开(公告)号：US06740435B2
公开(公告)日：2004-05-25
申请号：US09923228
申请日：2001-08-06
IPC分类号： H01M806
CPC分类号： H01M8/0612 , Y02P20/129
摘要： A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell for reacting a hydrogen rich gas; a fuel processor system for converting a hydrocarbon fuel-steam mixture into said hydrogen rich gas; and a system for preparing the hydrocarbon fuel-steam mixture which includes (a) structure for superheating a hydrocarbon fuel so as to provide a superheated fuel, and (b) structure for mixing water with the superheated fuel so as to provide the hydrocarbon fuel-steam mixture.
摘要翻译： 燃料电池系统包括用于使富氢气体反应的燃料电池; 用于将烃类燃料 - 蒸汽混合物转化为富氢气体的燃料处理器系统; 以及用于制备烃燃料 - 蒸汽混合物的系统，其包括（a）用于使烃燃料过热以提供过热燃料的结构，和（b）用于将水与过热燃料混合的结构，以便提供烃燃料 - 蒸汽混合物。
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公开(公告)号：US6007931A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-28
申请号：US103908
申请日：1998-06-24
CPC分类号： H01M8/0612 , H01M8/04119 , H01M2250/20 , H01M2300/0005 , H01M2300/0082 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04089 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A mass and heat recovery system for a fuel cell power plant includes at least one fuel cell for producing electrical energy, hydrocarbon fuel processing components for producing a hydrogen rich reducing fluid for the fuel cell, and a direct mass and heat transfer device for recovering mass and heat such as water vapor leaving the plant. The fuel processing components include an auxiliary burner that provides heat to generate steam and a reformer that receives the steam mixed with a hydrocarbon fuel along with a small amount of air and converts the mixture to a hydrogen rich stream appropriate for supplying hydrogen to the anode electrode. The direct mass and heat transfer device passes a process oxidant stream upstream of the plant in mass transfer relationship with a plant exhaust stream that includes both a cathode exhaust stream and an anode exhaust stream wherein the anode exhaust stream has first been burned in the auxiliary burner so that mass and heat such as water vapor in the plant exhaust stream transfer directly through a mass transfer medium of the device to the process oxidant stream entering the plant. The device includes a separator housing for supporting the transfer medium and for preventing bulk mixing of the streams. An exemplary transfer medium such as a liquid water portion of a water saturated polyflourosulfonic ionomer selectively sorbs a fluid substance consisting of polar molecules such as water molecules from a fluid stream containing polar and non-polar molecules.
摘要翻译： 用于燃料电池发电厂的质量和热回收系统包括至少一个用于产生电能的燃料电池，用于产生用于燃料电池的富氢还原流体的烃燃料处理部件和用于回收质量的直接质量传热装置 以及诸如水蒸气离开植物的热量。 燃料处理部件包括提供热量以产生蒸汽的辅助燃烧器和重整器，其接收与烃燃料一起混合的蒸汽以及少量空气，并将该混合物转化为适于向阳极供应氢气的富氢流 。 直接质量传递装置和传递装置的工艺氧化剂流在与包括阴极排气流和阳极废气流两者的工厂废气流的传质关系中传递，其中阳极废气流首先在辅助燃烧器中燃烧 使得植物废气流中的水蒸汽等物质和热量直接通过装置的传质介质转移到进入工厂的过程氧化剂流。 该装置包括用于支撑转印介质并防止流的大量混合的分离器壳体。 水饱和聚氟磺酸离聚物的液态水部分的示例性转移介质选择性地从含有极性和非极性分子的流体流中吸收由极性分子如水分子组成的流体物质。
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公开(公告)号：US06986959B2
公开(公告)日：2006-01-17
申请号：US10624190
申请日：2003-07-22
申请人： Thomas M. Clark , Paul R. Margiott , Albert P. Grasso , Richard D. Breault , Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Edward J. Bludnicki
发明人： Thomas M. Clark , Paul R. Margiott , Albert P. Grasso , Richard D. Breault , Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Edward J. Bludnicki
CPC分类号： H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04014 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04037 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04141 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04302 , H01M8/0606 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A fuel cell power plant system includes the ability to operate an enthalpy recovery device even under cold conditions. A bypass arrangement allows for selectively bypassing one or more portions of the enthalpy recovery device under selected conditions. In one example, the enthalpy recovery device is completely bypassed under selected temperature conditions to allow the device to freeze and then later to be used under more favorable temperature conditions. In another example, the enthalpy recovery device is selectively bypassed during a system startup operation. One example includes a heater associated with the enthalpy recovery device. Another example includes preheating oxidant supplied to one portion of the enthalpy recovery device.
摘要翻译： 燃料电池发电厂系统包括即使在寒冷条件下操作焓恢复装置的能力。 旁路装置允许在选定的条件下选择性地旁路焓回收装置的一个或多个部分。 在一个实例中，焓回收装置在选定的温度条件下完全旁路，以使装置冷冻，然后稍后在更有利的温度条件下使用。 在另一示例中，在系统启动操作期间有选择地绕过焓恢复装置。 一个示例包括与焓恢复装置相关联的加热器。 另一个实例包括将提供给焓回收装置的一部分的氧化剂预热。
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06818336B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-16
申请号：US10224210
申请日：2002-08-20
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/04014 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04089
摘要： A control method and arrangement (48, 50, 150, I, T, P, FFL) are provided in a fuel cell power plant (10) for regulating (48, FC) fuel flow to a steam-based fuel processing system (FPS) (14) associated with a low-temperature fuel cell stack assembly (12). A portion of the fuel provided by the FPS (14) is used to provide steam for the FPS. The fuel flow to the FPS is regulated as a function of the power demand (I) on the fuel cell (12) and at least the enthalpy of the steam (P, T), such that the steam enthalpy is regulated to meet increases and decreases in power demand without exceeding steam pressure limits. In addition to reliance on-steam pressure (P) as a fundamental measure of steam enthalpy, the control may additionally use reaction temperature (T) at, or in, a reformer, such as a catalytic steam reformer (132), to regulate fuel flow and thus, steam enthalpy.
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公开(公告)号：US20090098422A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-16
申请号：US12340781
申请日：2008-12-22
CPC分类号： H01M8/0618 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/0668 , H01M2250/10 , H01M2250/40 , H01M2250/405 , Y02B90/14 , Y02B90/16 , Y02E60/56
摘要： A method for operating a fuel cell power plant to provide end-use electricity, end-use heat and end-use reformate includes the steps of providing a fuel cell power plant that consumes reformate to provide electricity and heat, said fuel cell power plant having a nominal reformate flow rate and including a fuel processor system for generating reformate from a hydrocarbon fuel; operating the fuel processor system so as to provide a reformate flow at a rate greater than the nominal reformate flow rate; operating the fuel cell power plant using a first portion of the reformate flow to generate the electricity and the heat, the first portion being less than or equal to the nominal reformate flow rate; and providing a second portion of the reformate flow as the end-use reformate.
摘要翻译： 一种用于操作燃料电池发电厂以提供最终用途电力，终端用途和最终用途重整产品的方法，包括提供消耗重整产生电和热的燃料电池发电厂的步骤，所述燃料电池发电厂具有 名义上的重整流量并包括用于从烃燃料产生重整产物的燃料处理器系统; 操作燃料处理器系统以便以大于标称重整产品流量的速率提供重整产品流; 使用重整产品流的第一部分来操作燃料电池发电厂以产生电力和热量，第一部分小于或等于标称重整产品流量; 并提供作为最终用途重整产品的重整流程的第二部分。
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公开(公告)号：US09685665B2
公开(公告)日：2017-06-20
申请号：US14125345
申请日：2010-08-16
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/0432 , H01M8/04701 , H01M8/086
CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04059 , H01M8/04358 , H01M8/04723 , H01M8/086 , H01M2250/10 , Y02B90/14
摘要： A thermal priority fuel cell power plant includes a cell stack assembly for generating an electrical power output. The cell stack assembly includes an anode, a cathode, and a waste heat recovery loop. The waste heat recovery loop is configured to remove waste heat generated from the electrochemical reaction and is thermally coupled to the cell stack assembly for managing the waste heat of the cell stack assembly and for supplying thermal power to a thermal load demand. The waste heat recovery loop includes a heat exchanger in heat exchange relationship with the coolant outlet conduit and the thermal load demand. A controller is operatively associated with the cell stack assembly and the waste heat recovery loop. The controller controls the operation of the cell stack assembly by adjusting a fuel cell power plant parameter responsive to the thermal load demand.
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7.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20140329160A1
公开(公告)日：2014-11-06
申请号：US14125345
申请日：2010-08-16
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04059 , H01M8/04358 , H01M8/04723 , H01M8/086 , H01M2250/10 , Y02B90/14
摘要： A thermal priority fuel cell power plant includes a cell stack assembly for generating an electrical power output. The cell stack assembly includes an anode, a cathode, and a waste heat recovery loop. The anode is configured to receive a fuel, the cathode is configured to receive an oxidizer, and the cell stack assembly is configured to generate the electrical power output by electrochemically reacting the anode fuel and the cathode oxidizer in the presence of a catalyst. The waste heat recovery loop includes a coolant inlet conduit and a coolant outlet conduit, and is configured to remove waste heat generated from the electrochemical reaction. A waste heat recovery loop is thermally coupled to the cell stack assembly for managing the waste heat of the cell stack assembly and for supplying thermal power to a thermal load demand. The waste heat recovery loop includes a heat exchanger in heat exchange relationship with the coolant outlet conduit and the thermal load demand. A controller is operatively associated with the cell stack assembly and the waste heat recovery loop. The controller controls the operation of the cell stack assembly by adjusting a fuel cell power plant parameter responsive to the thermal load demand. In one aspect, the fuel cell power plant parameter is reactant utilization. In another aspect, the fuel cell power plant parameter is a temperature for a thermal management system accumulator.
摘要翻译： 热优先燃料电池发电厂包括用于产生电力输出的电池堆组件。 电池堆组件包括阳极，阴极和废热回收回路。 阳极被配置为接收燃料，阴极被配置为接收氧化剂，并且电池堆组件被配置为通过在催化剂的存在下使阳极燃料和阴极氧化剂电化学反应来产生电力输出。 废热回收回路包括冷却剂入口导管和冷却剂出口导管，并且被构造成去除由电化学反应产生的废热。 废热回收回路热耦合到电池堆组件，用于管理电池堆组件的废热并将热功率提供给热负荷需求。 废热回收回路包括与冷却剂出口导管热交换的热交换器和热负荷需求。 控制器可操作地与电池堆组件和废热回收回路相关联。 控制器通过根据热负荷需求调整燃料电池发电厂参数来控制电池堆组件的操作。 一方面，燃料电池发电厂参数是反应物利用。 另一方面，燃料电池发电厂参数是热管理系统蓄电池的温度。
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公开(公告)号：US06959730B2
公开(公告)日：2005-11-01
申请号：US10685758
申请日：2003-10-15
申请人： Paul R. Margiott
发明人： Paul R. Margiott
IPC分类号： F16K11/052 , H01M8/04
CPC分类号： F16K11/0525 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/2484 , Y10T137/86839 , Y10T137/86863
摘要： A vane (31) at the juncture of orthogonal conduits (25–28) allows flow of air to and from the air inlet/outlet manifold (12) of a fuel cell stack (11) when it is disposed in a first position, and totally blocks the conduits (25, 26) so as to isolate the air flow fields of the fuel cells (17, 18) when in a position normal to the first position. A vane (41) can comprise the divider of the air inlet/outlet manifold when in a vertical position, and totally block off the manifold when in a horizontal position. A vane (59) can align with the divider (24) of an air inlet/out manifold when in a vertical position, and block the passage between the manifold and conduits (44, 46) when in a horizontal position. Similar vanes may be used for single-valve selection of flow or containment of fuel reactant gas.
摘要翻译： 在正交管道（25-28）的接合处的叶片（31）当其被布置在第一位置时允许空气流入和流出燃料电池堆（11）的空气入口/出口歧管（12），并且 完全阻挡导管25,26，以在与第一位置垂直的位置隔离燃料电池17,18的空气流场。 当处于垂直位置时，叶片（41）可以包括进气/出口歧管的分隔件，并且当处于水平位置时完全阻挡歧管。 当处于垂直位置时，叶片（59）可以与空气入口/出口歧管的分隔件（24）对准，并且当处于水平位置时阻挡歧管和管道（44,46）之间的通道。 类似的叶片可用于单阀选择流动或容纳燃料反应物气体。
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公开(公告)号：US06828048B2
公开(公告)日：2004-12-07
申请号：US09992591
申请日：2001-11-06
IPC分类号： H01M804
CPC分类号： H01M8/04231 , B01J19/0006 , B01J2208/00309 , B01J2208/00716 , B01J2219/00006 , B01J2219/00225 , B01J2219/00252 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0227 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/1609 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0618 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/0668 , H01M8/0675 , H01M8/10
摘要： A fuel cell system that includes fuel processing components, such as a reformer and shift converter, for converting an organic fuel to hydrogen, is shut-down by disconnecting the fuel cell from its load and purging the fuel processing components of residual hydrogen with a flow of air. The purge air may be forced through the components in series or in parallel, using a blower; or, the purge air may be allowed to enter the components through a low inlet, whereupon the air rises through the components by natural circulation and exits through a high outlet, along with the residual hydrogen.
摘要翻译： 燃料电池系统包括用于将有机燃料转化为氢的燃料处理部件，例如重整器和换档转换器，通过将燃料电池从其负载断开并用流动来清除残余氢气的燃料处理部件来关闭 的空气。 可以使用鼓风机将吹扫空气串联或并联地强制通过组件; 或者，可以通过低入口使吹扫空气进入部件，于是空气通过自然循环而上升通过部件，并与残留的氢气一起通过高出口排出。
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10.发明授权Predictive control arrangement for load-following fuel cell-powered applications 有权负载跟随燃料电池供电应用的预测控制装置公开(公告)号：US06393354B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-21
申请号：US09736098
申请日：2000-12-13
IPC分类号： G06G770
CPC分类号： H01M16/003 , B60L11/1881 , B60L11/1892 , B60L11/1894 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/043 , H01M8/04559 , H01M8/04589 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04768 , H01M8/04992 , H01M8/24 , Y02T90/34 , Y10T477/45
摘要： A method and system are provided for controlling a fuel cell power plant (10). A demand signal (Mld) representing the anticipated current/power required by the electrical load(s) is provided. A current signal (Iap) representative of the actual current drawn by the load(s) (20) is provided. The greater of the demand signal (Mld) and the current signal (Iap) is selected (46) and utilized to provide a control signal (Mx, Mx′, Mx″) for regulating one or more of the reactants and coolant (24). One or more status signals (Xp, Xp′, Xp″, Vap) indicative of the status of a regulated one of more of the reactant/coolant and/or a respective operating process effected, is provided. Each status signal is transformed to a respective load capability signal (61, 61′, 61″). The lesser of the demand signal (Mld) and each of the load capability signals (61, 61′, 61 ″) is selected (62) to provide an output signal (Mi) for commensurately controlling a system load (20, 32).
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于控制燃料电池发电厂（10）的方法和系统。 提供表示电负载所需的预期电流/功率的需求信号（Mld）。 提供代表由负载（20）提取的实际电流的电流信号（Iap）。 选择需求信号（Mld）和电流信号（Iap）中的较大者（46）并用于提供用于调节一个或多个反应物和冷却剂（24）的控制信号（Mx，Mx'，Mx“） ）。 提供了指示反应物/冷却剂中的更多的一种或多种反应物/冷却剂的状态的一个或多个状态信号（Xp，Xp'，Xp“，Vap）。 每个状态信号被变换为相应的负载能力信号（61,61'，61“）。 选择要求信号（Mld）中的较小者和每个负载能力信号（61,61'，61“）（62）以提供用于相应地控制系统负载（20,32）的输出信号（Mi） 。
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